CCI RCS MOCK EXAM - OPEN ENDED QUESTIONS
1. What segment of the RV free wall is seen in subcostal 4 chamber?: Inferior
2. What segment of the RV free wall is seen in parasternal short axis?: Lateral,
anterior, and inferior.
3. What segment of the RV free wall is seen in Right ventricular inflow tract?:
Anterior and inferior.
4. The iso volumetric contraction time begins after what wave on the EKG?: R
wave.
5. Blood flow volume changes in the body are mainly controlled by what two
factors?: Cardiac function and peripheral resistance
6. Normal size for aortic valve area is?: Three to four centimeters squared
7. The incisura portion Of aortic pressure wave occurs when?: Immediately after
the A V closes
8. How do you differentiate between waveforms obtained from the mitral
valve
and the tricuspid valve?: The aortic flow pattern can be seen on the mitral valve tracing,
but the pulmonary aortic flow is not evident on the tricuspid valve tracing
9. The pulmonary capillary wedge pressure is normal if it is less than:: 10 MMHG.
10. The majority of pulmonary venous flow into the left atria occurs during?:
Early
Systole
11. Which tricuspid valve leaflets is evaluated in parasternal long axis?:
anterior and posterior
This is the only view where the posterior Leaflets of the tricuspid valve is seen.
12. Normal R-R interval is?: .6-1 sec (equates to 60-100 BPM)
13. What is the difference between the aortic and pulmonic valve? Doppler
tracings: The Max Velocity of the pulmonary valve occurs later in the ejection cycle than
the A V
14. Where is the oblique sinus?: Posterior to the left atrium
,15. As a patient ages, what normally happens to pulmonary venous flow?: the
systolic component increases, while the diastolic component decreases
16. Tricuspid valve flow normally increases or decreases with inspiration?:
Increases slightly
17. Cardiac output is directly or indirectly related to stroke volume and heart
rate?: Directly
18. What wave represents atrial systole on the doppler tracing of the
pulmonary vein?: A wave
19. What grade of diastolic dysfunction is indicated by a low EF and an E/A
ratio of over 2?: Grade III
20. Where are the basal segments located in the LV?: Between the AV groove &
the tip of the papillary muscle
21. Where are the mid segments located in the LV?: Segment that includes the
papillary muscle 22. Where are the apical segments located in LV?: Between the base of
the papillary muscles to the apex
23. How does doppler evaluation demonstrate that the pulmonary vascular
resistance is normally lower than resistance in the systemic vascular
system?: The flow through the aortic valve reaches a peak velocity faster than the flow
through the pulmonary valve.
24. What is another term for hypereosinophilia?: Loeffler endocarditis; causes
endocardial
thickening of the inflow tracts and fibrous obliteration of the left & right ventricular apices
25. What is the vertical structure to the right of the aortic arch in Suprasternal
notch view that normally demonstrates flow moving way from the
transducer in systole?: SVC
26. How many pairs of aortic arches form during embryologic development?:
6
27. An optimal LVOT tracing will demonstrate?: A clear spectral window and the
closing click of the AV
, .
28. Which valve is more resistant to regurgitation: the aortic valve or the
mitral valve?: Aortic valve
29. What facilitates the contraction of the atrial appendages?: Pectinate muscles
in the walls of the appendages
30. Which pair of aortic arches form the aortic arch during embryologic
development: 4th left.
31. When does the tricuspid valve open and close when compared to mitral
valve?: Opens before the mitral valve opens and closes after the mitral valve closes.
32. When is the blood volume the lowest in the right atria?: Release Systole
33. The largest antegrade flow component seen on a Doppler tracing of a
normal hepatic vein , is identified during which part of the cardiac cycle?:
Early systole 34. What is stroke volume influenced by?: Preload, afterload and
myocardial contractility
35 How does bradycardia affect diastasis?: it leads to a longer period of diastasis
36. When does the A V Open on the E K G: About 30-35ms after the completion of
the Q R S
37. When does isovolumic relaxation time occur on the E K G?: After the R Wave
38. What does normal left ventricular outflow track tracing demonstrate?: A
steep acceleration slope, a sharply peaked early systolic max volume and a less steep
deceleration slope.
39. What is the most interior valve?: Pulmonary valve.
40. When does the mitral valve close on the EKG?: About midway through the Q
R S after 60ms has passed
41. The left circumflex artery supplies the?: Basal and mid anterolateral walls.
42. What describes a normal response to exercise testing performed to assess
the diastolic function of the left ventricle?: Both E and E' velocity should increase
43. What coronary artery courses through the anterior interventricular
groove?-
: LAD
, 44. What is the purpose of the eustachian valve in fetal circulation?: To guide
flow through the foramen ovale
45. What secrets the pericardial fluid?: Visceral pericardium.
46. What is the first parameter to consider when assessing a patient for
diastolic dysfunction?: The left ventricular E F
47. What does medial cystic necrosis cause?: Dilated aortic root & ascending aorta
(breakdown or
damage of connective tissue in the large arteries)
48. Most common complication of septal myectomy.: VSD
49. What happens to the aortic valve in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?: There
will be mid systolic notching
50. What best describes a doppler tracing from within a patient with patent
ductus arteriosus?: Continuous flow toward the transducer in systole and Diastole
51. What is pressure halftime formula?: 0.29 x deceleration time
52. How does a left ventricular pseudo aneurysm compare to a true left
ventricular aneurysm?: Pseudoaneurysm has a higher risk of rupture.
Pseudo aneurysm also has a narrow neck compared to a true aneurysm
53. True or false? Mitral stenosis has no effect on the left ventricular end
diastolic pressure.: True
Only has an increase in the left atrial pressure
54. The early stages of infiltrative cardiomyopathy are commonly associated
with which type of diastolic dysfunction?: Grade I.
Grade III is possible if it persists
55. Systemic inflammatory disease like ankylosing spondylitis causes what?:
Aortic leaflet thickening, aortitis, and aortic aneurysm formation
There will be inflammatory changes
1. What segment of the RV free wall is seen in subcostal 4 chamber?: Inferior
2. What segment of the RV free wall is seen in parasternal short axis?: Lateral,
anterior, and inferior.
3. What segment of the RV free wall is seen in Right ventricular inflow tract?:
Anterior and inferior.
4. The iso volumetric contraction time begins after what wave on the EKG?: R
wave.
5. Blood flow volume changes in the body are mainly controlled by what two
factors?: Cardiac function and peripheral resistance
6. Normal size for aortic valve area is?: Three to four centimeters squared
7. The incisura portion Of aortic pressure wave occurs when?: Immediately after
the A V closes
8. How do you differentiate between waveforms obtained from the mitral
valve
and the tricuspid valve?: The aortic flow pattern can be seen on the mitral valve tracing,
but the pulmonary aortic flow is not evident on the tricuspid valve tracing
9. The pulmonary capillary wedge pressure is normal if it is less than:: 10 MMHG.
10. The majority of pulmonary venous flow into the left atria occurs during?:
Early
Systole
11. Which tricuspid valve leaflets is evaluated in parasternal long axis?:
anterior and posterior
This is the only view where the posterior Leaflets of the tricuspid valve is seen.
12. Normal R-R interval is?: .6-1 sec (equates to 60-100 BPM)
13. What is the difference between the aortic and pulmonic valve? Doppler
tracings: The Max Velocity of the pulmonary valve occurs later in the ejection cycle than
the A V
14. Where is the oblique sinus?: Posterior to the left atrium
,15. As a patient ages, what normally happens to pulmonary venous flow?: the
systolic component increases, while the diastolic component decreases
16. Tricuspid valve flow normally increases or decreases with inspiration?:
Increases slightly
17. Cardiac output is directly or indirectly related to stroke volume and heart
rate?: Directly
18. What wave represents atrial systole on the doppler tracing of the
pulmonary vein?: A wave
19. What grade of diastolic dysfunction is indicated by a low EF and an E/A
ratio of over 2?: Grade III
20. Where are the basal segments located in the LV?: Between the AV groove &
the tip of the papillary muscle
21. Where are the mid segments located in the LV?: Segment that includes the
papillary muscle 22. Where are the apical segments located in LV?: Between the base of
the papillary muscles to the apex
23. How does doppler evaluation demonstrate that the pulmonary vascular
resistance is normally lower than resistance in the systemic vascular
system?: The flow through the aortic valve reaches a peak velocity faster than the flow
through the pulmonary valve.
24. What is another term for hypereosinophilia?: Loeffler endocarditis; causes
endocardial
thickening of the inflow tracts and fibrous obliteration of the left & right ventricular apices
25. What is the vertical structure to the right of the aortic arch in Suprasternal
notch view that normally demonstrates flow moving way from the
transducer in systole?: SVC
26. How many pairs of aortic arches form during embryologic development?:
6
27. An optimal LVOT tracing will demonstrate?: A clear spectral window and the
closing click of the AV
, .
28. Which valve is more resistant to regurgitation: the aortic valve or the
mitral valve?: Aortic valve
29. What facilitates the contraction of the atrial appendages?: Pectinate muscles
in the walls of the appendages
30. Which pair of aortic arches form the aortic arch during embryologic
development: 4th left.
31. When does the tricuspid valve open and close when compared to mitral
valve?: Opens before the mitral valve opens and closes after the mitral valve closes.
32. When is the blood volume the lowest in the right atria?: Release Systole
33. The largest antegrade flow component seen on a Doppler tracing of a
normal hepatic vein , is identified during which part of the cardiac cycle?:
Early systole 34. What is stroke volume influenced by?: Preload, afterload and
myocardial contractility
35 How does bradycardia affect diastasis?: it leads to a longer period of diastasis
36. When does the A V Open on the E K G: About 30-35ms after the completion of
the Q R S
37. When does isovolumic relaxation time occur on the E K G?: After the R Wave
38. What does normal left ventricular outflow track tracing demonstrate?: A
steep acceleration slope, a sharply peaked early systolic max volume and a less steep
deceleration slope.
39. What is the most interior valve?: Pulmonary valve.
40. When does the mitral valve close on the EKG?: About midway through the Q
R S after 60ms has passed
41. The left circumflex artery supplies the?: Basal and mid anterolateral walls.
42. What describes a normal response to exercise testing performed to assess
the diastolic function of the left ventricle?: Both E and E' velocity should increase
43. What coronary artery courses through the anterior interventricular
groove?-
: LAD
, 44. What is the purpose of the eustachian valve in fetal circulation?: To guide
flow through the foramen ovale
45. What secrets the pericardial fluid?: Visceral pericardium.
46. What is the first parameter to consider when assessing a patient for
diastolic dysfunction?: The left ventricular E F
47. What does medial cystic necrosis cause?: Dilated aortic root & ascending aorta
(breakdown or
damage of connective tissue in the large arteries)
48. Most common complication of septal myectomy.: VSD
49. What happens to the aortic valve in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?: There
will be mid systolic notching
50. What best describes a doppler tracing from within a patient with patent
ductus arteriosus?: Continuous flow toward the transducer in systole and Diastole
51. What is pressure halftime formula?: 0.29 x deceleration time
52. How does a left ventricular pseudo aneurysm compare to a true left
ventricular aneurysm?: Pseudoaneurysm has a higher risk of rupture.
Pseudo aneurysm also has a narrow neck compared to a true aneurysm
53. True or false? Mitral stenosis has no effect on the left ventricular end
diastolic pressure.: True
Only has an increase in the left atrial pressure
54. The early stages of infiltrative cardiomyopathy are commonly associated
with which type of diastolic dysfunction?: Grade I.
Grade III is possible if it persists
55. Systemic inflammatory disease like ankylosing spondylitis causes what?:
Aortic leaflet thickening, aortitis, and aortic aneurysm formation
There will be inflammatory changes
