NURS 354 FINAL EXAM ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔assessment of a patient with anemia - ✔✔detailed history & physical assessment
- monitor for symptoms
- know medications they take
- know alcohol use (may increase risk)
nutritional assessment
neurological assessment
✔✔interventions for anemia - ✔✔manage fatigue
adequate nutrition
activity intolerance
promote adherence to therapies
manage potential complications
✔✔manifestations of heart failure - ✔✔fluid retention/edema
respiratory symptoms
fatigue
JVD
tachycardia
✔✔aplastic anemia - ✔✔damage to bone marrow by own T cells
✔✔symptoms of aplastic anemia - ✔✔fatigue
pallor
dyspnea
bruising
pancytopenia
*more susceptible to neutropenia & thrombocytopenia
✔✔sickle cell anemia - ✔✔a genetic disorder that causes abnormal hemoglobin,
resulting in some red blood cells assuming an abnormal sickle shape
**autosomal recessive
✔✔manifestations of sickle cell anemia - ✔✔jaundice
tachycardia
cardiac murmurs
✔✔complications of sickle cell anemia - ✔✔acute chest syndrome
pulmonary hypertension
stroke
reproductive problems
,✔✔acute chest syndrome - ✔✔A symptom associated with sickle cell anemia where
sickle cells get trapped in the lung and cause infection
✔✔manifestations of acute chest syndrome - ✔✔tachypnea
coughing
wheezing
fever
✔✔management of acute chest syndrome - ✔✔antibiotics
bronchodilators
transfusion
inhaled nitric oxide
✔✔symptoms of pulmonary hypertension - ✔✔fatigue
dyspnea on exertion
dizziness
chest pain
syncope
✔✔what type of stroke is the most common sickle cell complication? - ✔✔ischemic
stroke
✔✔nursing interventions for sickle cell anemia - ✔✔manage pain
- aspirin, NSAIDs, opioids
- hydration
- relaxation techniques
- support & elevate swollen joints
- no cold or ice packs
skin breakdown
manage hypoxia
manage fatigue
prevent/manage infection
coping & education
- keep warm
- reduce infection risk (up-to-date on vaccines)
- stay well hydrated
monitor complications
- leg ulcers
- priapism & impotence
✔✔hydroxyurea - ✔✔USE - sickle cell anemia
ADVERSE - immunosuppression, teratogenesis, potential malignancy development
, EDUCATION - must be on birth control
✔✔medications for sickle cell anemia - ✔✔hydroxyurea
folic acid supplements
aspirin (mild pain - inhibits platelet formation)
NSAIDs
opioids
✔✔nursing care for anemias - ✔✔manage fatigue
maintain adequate nutrition
manage activity intolerance
manage complications
- heart failure
- neuro complications (B12 deficiency)
✔✔normal blood sugar range - ✔✔70-100
✔✔signs of hypoglycemia - ✔✔slow speaking
sweaty
cool skin
confusion/disorientation
nervous
tremors
headaches
vitals changes:
- tachycardia
- hypotension
✔✔nursing interventions for a hypoglycemic patient - ✔✔juice, fast acting carbs, or milk
check blood sugar
call a rapid if necessary
glucagon
✔✔risk factors for type 2 diabetes - ✔✔overweight
middle aged adults
sedentary lifestyle
family hx
hx of gestational diabetes
hx of PCOS
✔✔risk factors for type 1 diabetes - ✔✔family hx
younger in age
thin
✔✔symptoms of hyperglycemia - ✔✔hypotension
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔assessment of a patient with anemia - ✔✔detailed history & physical assessment
- monitor for symptoms
- know medications they take
- know alcohol use (may increase risk)
nutritional assessment
neurological assessment
✔✔interventions for anemia - ✔✔manage fatigue
adequate nutrition
activity intolerance
promote adherence to therapies
manage potential complications
✔✔manifestations of heart failure - ✔✔fluid retention/edema
respiratory symptoms
fatigue
JVD
tachycardia
✔✔aplastic anemia - ✔✔damage to bone marrow by own T cells
✔✔symptoms of aplastic anemia - ✔✔fatigue
pallor
dyspnea
bruising
pancytopenia
*more susceptible to neutropenia & thrombocytopenia
✔✔sickle cell anemia - ✔✔a genetic disorder that causes abnormal hemoglobin,
resulting in some red blood cells assuming an abnormal sickle shape
**autosomal recessive
✔✔manifestations of sickle cell anemia - ✔✔jaundice
tachycardia
cardiac murmurs
✔✔complications of sickle cell anemia - ✔✔acute chest syndrome
pulmonary hypertension
stroke
reproductive problems
,✔✔acute chest syndrome - ✔✔A symptom associated with sickle cell anemia where
sickle cells get trapped in the lung and cause infection
✔✔manifestations of acute chest syndrome - ✔✔tachypnea
coughing
wheezing
fever
✔✔management of acute chest syndrome - ✔✔antibiotics
bronchodilators
transfusion
inhaled nitric oxide
✔✔symptoms of pulmonary hypertension - ✔✔fatigue
dyspnea on exertion
dizziness
chest pain
syncope
✔✔what type of stroke is the most common sickle cell complication? - ✔✔ischemic
stroke
✔✔nursing interventions for sickle cell anemia - ✔✔manage pain
- aspirin, NSAIDs, opioids
- hydration
- relaxation techniques
- support & elevate swollen joints
- no cold or ice packs
skin breakdown
manage hypoxia
manage fatigue
prevent/manage infection
coping & education
- keep warm
- reduce infection risk (up-to-date on vaccines)
- stay well hydrated
monitor complications
- leg ulcers
- priapism & impotence
✔✔hydroxyurea - ✔✔USE - sickle cell anemia
ADVERSE - immunosuppression, teratogenesis, potential malignancy development
, EDUCATION - must be on birth control
✔✔medications for sickle cell anemia - ✔✔hydroxyurea
folic acid supplements
aspirin (mild pain - inhibits platelet formation)
NSAIDs
opioids
✔✔nursing care for anemias - ✔✔manage fatigue
maintain adequate nutrition
manage activity intolerance
manage complications
- heart failure
- neuro complications (B12 deficiency)
✔✔normal blood sugar range - ✔✔70-100
✔✔signs of hypoglycemia - ✔✔slow speaking
sweaty
cool skin
confusion/disorientation
nervous
tremors
headaches
vitals changes:
- tachycardia
- hypotension
✔✔nursing interventions for a hypoglycemic patient - ✔✔juice, fast acting carbs, or milk
check blood sugar
call a rapid if necessary
glucagon
✔✔risk factors for type 2 diabetes - ✔✔overweight
middle aged adults
sedentary lifestyle
family hx
hx of gestational diabetes
hx of PCOS
✔✔risk factors for type 1 diabetes - ✔✔family hx
younger in age
thin
✔✔symptoms of hyperglycemia - ✔✔hypotension
