Building Material
STONES
Natural & Artificial materials used in construction
1. Natural Materials
These are materials obtained directly from nature with little processing.
Definition & origin: A building stone is a solid rock obtained from quarrying, which
can be dressed or undressed for construction purposes.
Introduction:
The building materials include stones, bricks, lime, cement, concrete, mortar and
timber. These materials are discussed, in brief, as follows:
Stones:
The stones are derived from rocks which form the earth’s crust and have no
define shape or chemical composition but are mixtures of two or more minerals.
The rocks which stones are obtained may be classified in the following three
groups:
, Geological classification: Geologically, the rocks are classified into
three types as follows:
Igneous rocks: The igneous rocks are classified into the solidification of
molten mass laying below or above the earth surface, it has a
crystalline glossy or fussed texture.
Sedimentary rocks: The sedimentary rocks are formed due to gradual
deposition of material like sand, clay etc., generally by setting water.
These are also called stratified because these rocks are formed in
layer. Limestone and sandstone belong to this categories of rocks.
Metamorphic rocks: The metamorphic rocks are formed due to
alternation of original structure under heat and excessive pressure.
Marble is an example of metamorphic rocks.
STONES
Natural & Artificial materials used in construction
1. Natural Materials
These are materials obtained directly from nature with little processing.
Definition & origin: A building stone is a solid rock obtained from quarrying, which
can be dressed or undressed for construction purposes.
Introduction:
The building materials include stones, bricks, lime, cement, concrete, mortar and
timber. These materials are discussed, in brief, as follows:
Stones:
The stones are derived from rocks which form the earth’s crust and have no
define shape or chemical composition but are mixtures of two or more minerals.
The rocks which stones are obtained may be classified in the following three
groups:
, Geological classification: Geologically, the rocks are classified into
three types as follows:
Igneous rocks: The igneous rocks are classified into the solidification of
molten mass laying below or above the earth surface, it has a
crystalline glossy or fussed texture.
Sedimentary rocks: The sedimentary rocks are formed due to gradual
deposition of material like sand, clay etc., generally by setting water.
These are also called stratified because these rocks are formed in
layer. Limestone and sandstone belong to this categories of rocks.
Metamorphic rocks: The metamorphic rocks are formed due to
alternation of original structure under heat and excessive pressure.
Marble is an example of metamorphic rocks.
