NUR 313 - Final Exam Questions With Complete Solutions
Garlic - uses
- blocks LDL and raises HDL, lowers triglycerides
- suppresses platelet aggregation and disrupts coagulation
- acts as vasodilator (lowers BP)
Garlic - adverse effects
NVD
Garlic - interactions
- increase bleeding if taking NSAIDs, heparin, or warfarin
- decreases levels of saquinavir (HIV med) and cyclosporine
(anti rejection med)
Ginger Root - uses
- relieves vertigo
- suppresses platelet aggregation
- increases intestinal motility
- increases gastric mucus production
- decreases GI spasms
- produces anti inflammatory effect
- decreases pain and stiffness of RA
Ginger Root - adverse effects
- caution in pregnancy (can cause contractions if you use too
much)
- potential CNS depression and cardiac dysthymias if taking
large amount
,Ginger Root - interactions
- increases bleeding if taking NSAIDs, heparin, and warfarin
- increases hypoglycemia in diabetic meds
Ginger Root - implications
- monitor for hypoglycemia
- patient assessment and teaching for potential respiratory
depression
Ginkgo Biloba - uses
- promotes vasodilation (decrease leg pain in PAD)
- decrease platelet aggregation
- decrease bronchospasm
- increase blood flow to brain (improve memory)
Ginkgo Biloba - adverse effects
- mild GI upset, headache, lightheadedness
- caution in clients with seizures
Ginkgo Biloba - interactions
- interacts with meds that lower seizure threshold
(antihistamines, antidepressants, antipsychotics)
- increased bleeding if taking anticoagulant or NSAID
Glucosamine - uses
- stimulates cells to make cartilage and synovial fluid
- suppresses inflammation of joints
- treats osteoarthritis in knee, hip, and wrist
Glucosamine - adverse effects
,- nausea, heartburn
- use caution in shellfish allergy (cross allergy)
Glucosamine - interactions
increased bleeding if taking anticoagulant or NSAID
Glucosamine - implications
question about use of NSAIDs, anticoagulants, and shellfish
allergy
Kava - uses
- promotes sleep
- decreases anxiety
- promotes muscle relaxation without affecting concentration
- possibly acts on GABA receptors in CNS
Kava - adverse effects
- liver injury or failure
- dry, flaky skin
- jaundice
Kava - interactions
can cause respiratory depression if taking other CNS depressants
(opioids, antidiarrheals)
Kava - implications
- ask about CNS depressant use (including alcohol)
- ask about liver disease
Ma Huang - uses
, - stimulates CNS
- suppresses appetite (weight loss)
- constricts arterioles (increases HR, BP)
- bronchodilator (treats colds, flu, and allergies)
Ma Huang - adverse effects
- hypertension
- tachycardia
- stroke
- MI
- can cause psychosis
Ma Huang - interactions
- interacts with other CNS stimulants to increase their effects
- server hypertension when taken with MAOIs
- decrease effects of antihypertensive meds (increased BP)
Ma Huang - implications
products with more than 10 mg/dose are forbidden in US
St John's Wort - uses
- affects serotonin (treat depression)
- analgesic to relieve pain and inflammation
- applied topically for infection
St John's Wort - adverse effects
- dry mouth, lightheadedness, constipation, GI symptoms
- skin rash if in sunlight
- stops birth control from working
St John's Wort - interactions
Garlic - uses
- blocks LDL and raises HDL, lowers triglycerides
- suppresses platelet aggregation and disrupts coagulation
- acts as vasodilator (lowers BP)
Garlic - adverse effects
NVD
Garlic - interactions
- increase bleeding if taking NSAIDs, heparin, or warfarin
- decreases levels of saquinavir (HIV med) and cyclosporine
(anti rejection med)
Ginger Root - uses
- relieves vertigo
- suppresses platelet aggregation
- increases intestinal motility
- increases gastric mucus production
- decreases GI spasms
- produces anti inflammatory effect
- decreases pain and stiffness of RA
Ginger Root - adverse effects
- caution in pregnancy (can cause contractions if you use too
much)
- potential CNS depression and cardiac dysthymias if taking
large amount
,Ginger Root - interactions
- increases bleeding if taking NSAIDs, heparin, and warfarin
- increases hypoglycemia in diabetic meds
Ginger Root - implications
- monitor for hypoglycemia
- patient assessment and teaching for potential respiratory
depression
Ginkgo Biloba - uses
- promotes vasodilation (decrease leg pain in PAD)
- decrease platelet aggregation
- decrease bronchospasm
- increase blood flow to brain (improve memory)
Ginkgo Biloba - adverse effects
- mild GI upset, headache, lightheadedness
- caution in clients with seizures
Ginkgo Biloba - interactions
- interacts with meds that lower seizure threshold
(antihistamines, antidepressants, antipsychotics)
- increased bleeding if taking anticoagulant or NSAID
Glucosamine - uses
- stimulates cells to make cartilage and synovial fluid
- suppresses inflammation of joints
- treats osteoarthritis in knee, hip, and wrist
Glucosamine - adverse effects
,- nausea, heartburn
- use caution in shellfish allergy (cross allergy)
Glucosamine - interactions
increased bleeding if taking anticoagulant or NSAID
Glucosamine - implications
question about use of NSAIDs, anticoagulants, and shellfish
allergy
Kava - uses
- promotes sleep
- decreases anxiety
- promotes muscle relaxation without affecting concentration
- possibly acts on GABA receptors in CNS
Kava - adverse effects
- liver injury or failure
- dry, flaky skin
- jaundice
Kava - interactions
can cause respiratory depression if taking other CNS depressants
(opioids, antidiarrheals)
Kava - implications
- ask about CNS depressant use (including alcohol)
- ask about liver disease
Ma Huang - uses
, - stimulates CNS
- suppresses appetite (weight loss)
- constricts arterioles (increases HR, BP)
- bronchodilator (treats colds, flu, and allergies)
Ma Huang - adverse effects
- hypertension
- tachycardia
- stroke
- MI
- can cause psychosis
Ma Huang - interactions
- interacts with other CNS stimulants to increase their effects
- server hypertension when taken with MAOIs
- decrease effects of antihypertensive meds (increased BP)
Ma Huang - implications
products with more than 10 mg/dose are forbidden in US
St John's Wort - uses
- affects serotonin (treat depression)
- analgesic to relieve pain and inflammation
- applied topically for infection
St John's Wort - adverse effects
- dry mouth, lightheadedness, constipation, GI symptoms
- skin rash if in sunlight
- stops birth control from working
St John's Wort - interactions
