DRUG RECOGNITION EXPERT (DRE) EXAM COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST
VERSION
1. What does DRE stand for? Drug Recognition Expert - a law
enforcement officer trained to recognize impairment in drivers under the
influence of drugs other than, or in addition to, alcohol.
2. When was the DRE program first developed? The DRE program was
developed in the 1970s by the Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) in
collaboration with various researchers.
3. What are the seven drug categories in the DRE protocol? CNS
Depressants, CNS Stimulants, Hallucinogens, Dissociative Anesthetics,
Narcotic Analgesics, Inhalants, and Cannabis.
4. What is the primary purpose of the DRE evaluation? To determine
whether a person is impaired, whether the impairment is due to drugs or a
medical condition, and if drugs, which category or categories are present.
5. How many steps are in the DRE evaluation process? There are 12
standardized steps in the DRE evaluation process.
6. What organization provides national standards for DRE training?
The International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP) in conjunction
with the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA).
7. What is the BAC exclusion rule in DRE evaluations? If a subject's
Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) accounts for the observed
impairment, the DRE evaluation should not proceed as a drug impairment
case.
8. What are the three phases of DRE training? Pre-School, DRE School
(classroom training), and Field Certification.
9. How many evaluations must an officer complete during field
certification? A minimum of 12 evaluations with at least three different
drug categories represented.
,10.What is polydrug use? The simultaneous use of two or more drugs,
which can complicate the recognition of impairment patterns.
11.What role does the DRE play in court proceedings? A DRE provides
expert testimony regarding drug impairment observations and
conclusions based on standardized evaluation procedures.
12.What is the companion evaluator? An experienced DRE who
accompanies and evaluates a DRE candidate during field certification to
ensure proper technique and accuracy.
13.What does SFST stand for? Standardized Field Sobriety Tests -
preliminary tests used to detect impairment before a DRE evaluation.
14.What is the DRE Matrix? A chart showing expected indicators for each
drug category across different evaluation components.
15.What is the purpose of the toxicology confirmation? To scientifically
verify the presence of drugs identified by the DRE evaluation through
laboratory analysis.
16.What percentage of DRE opinions are typically confirmed by
toxicology? Studies show approximately 85-95% accuracy when
toxicology results are available.
17.Can a DRE evaluation be conducted on someone who is not suspected
of driving? Yes, DRE protocols can be used in any situation where drug
impairment needs to be assessed, including workplace incidents.
18.What is the difference between a DRE and a DRE Instructor? A DRE
Instructor has advanced training and certification to teach the DRE
curriculum to new candidates.
19.What is recertification for DREs? DREs must complete continuing
education and maintain proficiency through regular evaluations, typically
every two years.
20.What is the medical rule-out in DRE evaluations? The process of
determining whether observed signs and symptoms are due to a medical
condition rather than drug impairment.
21.What does the term "synergistic effect" mean? When two or more
drugs are used together, producing effects greater than the sum of their
individual effects.
, 22.What is the primary legal standard for DUI drugs? Impairment to the
slightest degree, though specific standards vary by jurisdiction.
23.What is the role of the arresting officer in the DRE process? To
conduct initial investigation, SFSTs, and request a DRE evaluation when
drug impairment is suspected.
24.Can prescription medications lead to a DUI arrest? Yes, if they cause
impairment that affects driving ability, even when taken as prescribed.
25.What is the DRE Decision Log? A structured reasoning process that
guides the DRE through interpretation of findings to reach conclusions.
Category 2: The 12-Step DRE Evaluation Process (Questions 26-50)
26.What is Step 1 of the DRE evaluation? Breath Alcohol Test - to
determine if alcohol is present and whether it accounts for the observed
impairment.
27.What is Step 2 of the DRE evaluation? Interview with the Arresting
Officer - to obtain information about driving, behavior, and appearance.
28.What is Step 3 of the DRE evaluation? Preliminary Examination -
checking for medical conditions, injuries, and obtaining preliminary
observations.
29.What is Step 4 of the DRE evaluation? Eye Examinations - conducting
Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus (HGN), Vertical Gaze Nystagmus (VGN),
and lack of convergence tests.
30.What is Step 5 of the DRE evaluation? Divided Attention
Psychophysical Tests - Romberg Balance, Walk and Turn, One Leg
Stand, and Finger to Nose.
31.What is Step 6 of the DRE evaluation? Vital Signs Examination -
measuring blood pressure, pulse, and body temperature.
32.What is Step 7 of the DRE evaluation? Dark Room Examinations -
assessing pupil size in three different lighting conditions.
33.What is Step 8 of the DRE evaluation? Examination for Muscle Tone -
checking for muscle rigidity or flaccidity.
34.What is Step 9 of the DRE evaluation? Check for Injection Sites -
looking for fresh or older needle marks.
QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST
VERSION
1. What does DRE stand for? Drug Recognition Expert - a law
enforcement officer trained to recognize impairment in drivers under the
influence of drugs other than, or in addition to, alcohol.
2. When was the DRE program first developed? The DRE program was
developed in the 1970s by the Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) in
collaboration with various researchers.
3. What are the seven drug categories in the DRE protocol? CNS
Depressants, CNS Stimulants, Hallucinogens, Dissociative Anesthetics,
Narcotic Analgesics, Inhalants, and Cannabis.
4. What is the primary purpose of the DRE evaluation? To determine
whether a person is impaired, whether the impairment is due to drugs or a
medical condition, and if drugs, which category or categories are present.
5. How many steps are in the DRE evaluation process? There are 12
standardized steps in the DRE evaluation process.
6. What organization provides national standards for DRE training?
The International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP) in conjunction
with the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA).
7. What is the BAC exclusion rule in DRE evaluations? If a subject's
Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) accounts for the observed
impairment, the DRE evaluation should not proceed as a drug impairment
case.
8. What are the three phases of DRE training? Pre-School, DRE School
(classroom training), and Field Certification.
9. How many evaluations must an officer complete during field
certification? A minimum of 12 evaluations with at least three different
drug categories represented.
,10.What is polydrug use? The simultaneous use of two or more drugs,
which can complicate the recognition of impairment patterns.
11.What role does the DRE play in court proceedings? A DRE provides
expert testimony regarding drug impairment observations and
conclusions based on standardized evaluation procedures.
12.What is the companion evaluator? An experienced DRE who
accompanies and evaluates a DRE candidate during field certification to
ensure proper technique and accuracy.
13.What does SFST stand for? Standardized Field Sobriety Tests -
preliminary tests used to detect impairment before a DRE evaluation.
14.What is the DRE Matrix? A chart showing expected indicators for each
drug category across different evaluation components.
15.What is the purpose of the toxicology confirmation? To scientifically
verify the presence of drugs identified by the DRE evaluation through
laboratory analysis.
16.What percentage of DRE opinions are typically confirmed by
toxicology? Studies show approximately 85-95% accuracy when
toxicology results are available.
17.Can a DRE evaluation be conducted on someone who is not suspected
of driving? Yes, DRE protocols can be used in any situation where drug
impairment needs to be assessed, including workplace incidents.
18.What is the difference between a DRE and a DRE Instructor? A DRE
Instructor has advanced training and certification to teach the DRE
curriculum to new candidates.
19.What is recertification for DREs? DREs must complete continuing
education and maintain proficiency through regular evaluations, typically
every two years.
20.What is the medical rule-out in DRE evaluations? The process of
determining whether observed signs and symptoms are due to a medical
condition rather than drug impairment.
21.What does the term "synergistic effect" mean? When two or more
drugs are used together, producing effects greater than the sum of their
individual effects.
, 22.What is the primary legal standard for DUI drugs? Impairment to the
slightest degree, though specific standards vary by jurisdiction.
23.What is the role of the arresting officer in the DRE process? To
conduct initial investigation, SFSTs, and request a DRE evaluation when
drug impairment is suspected.
24.Can prescription medications lead to a DUI arrest? Yes, if they cause
impairment that affects driving ability, even when taken as prescribed.
25.What is the DRE Decision Log? A structured reasoning process that
guides the DRE through interpretation of findings to reach conclusions.
Category 2: The 12-Step DRE Evaluation Process (Questions 26-50)
26.What is Step 1 of the DRE evaluation? Breath Alcohol Test - to
determine if alcohol is present and whether it accounts for the observed
impairment.
27.What is Step 2 of the DRE evaluation? Interview with the Arresting
Officer - to obtain information about driving, behavior, and appearance.
28.What is Step 3 of the DRE evaluation? Preliminary Examination -
checking for medical conditions, injuries, and obtaining preliminary
observations.
29.What is Step 4 of the DRE evaluation? Eye Examinations - conducting
Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus (HGN), Vertical Gaze Nystagmus (VGN),
and lack of convergence tests.
30.What is Step 5 of the DRE evaluation? Divided Attention
Psychophysical Tests - Romberg Balance, Walk and Turn, One Leg
Stand, and Finger to Nose.
31.What is Step 6 of the DRE evaluation? Vital Signs Examination -
measuring blood pressure, pulse, and body temperature.
32.What is Step 7 of the DRE evaluation? Dark Room Examinations -
assessing pupil size in three different lighting conditions.
33.What is Step 8 of the DRE evaluation? Examination for Muscle Tone -
checking for muscle rigidity or flaccidity.
34.What is Step 9 of the DRE evaluation? Check for Injection Sites -
looking for fresh or older needle marks.
