BSC2010 FSU DENNIS FINAL EXAM 2026
COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
◉ DNA consists of how many polynucleotide chains? Answer: 2
◉ Two students decided to repeat the Hershey and Chase
experiment, with modifications. Like Hershey and Chase they used
radioactive sulfur but they substituted radioactive nitrogen for
radioactive phosphate. They reasoned that each nucleotide has only
one phosphate and two to five nitrogen atoms. Thus, labeling the
nitrogen atoms would provide a stronger signal than labeling the
phosphates. Which of the following is the biggest shortcoming in
their experimental design? Answer: The radioactivity would not
distinguish between DNA and proteins because proteins contain
nitrogen.
◉ What is the role of DNA ligase in the elongation of the lagging
strand during DNA replication? Answer: It joins Okazaki fragments
together.
◉ The elongation of the leading strand during DNA synthesis
________. Answer: depends on the action of DNA polymerase
,◉ In his work with pneumonia-causing bacteria and mice, Griffith
found that ________. Answer: some substance from pathogenic cells
was transferred to nonpathogenic cells, making them pathogenic
◉ Hershey and Chase set out to determine which type of molecule is
used for genetic inheritance. They completed a series of experiments
where E. coli was infected by a T2 virus. Which molecular
component of the T2 virus ended up inside the cell? Answer: DNA
◉ Radioactive thymine is added to media containing one actively
dividing E. coli bacterium. Which of the following outcomes would
be seen after a single cell division? Answer: DNA in both daughter
cells would be radioactive.
◉ What mutation would be most likely to have a harmful effect on
an organism? Answer: a single nucleotide insertion downstream of,
and close to, the start of the coding sequence
◉ What do nonsense mutations do? Answer: They change a codon
previously coding for an amino acid into a stop codon
◉ During splicing in human cells, certain regions of a RNA transcript
are removed, as they do not code for proteins. These removed
segments are referred to as: Answer: introns
, ◉ What type of RNA will be translated? Answer: mRNA
◉ What process will occur at the exposed 3′ end of a tRNA molecule?
Answer: An amino acid will bind covalently.
◉ An mRNA molecule with the sequence 5′-CCG-ACG-3′is being read
by a ribosome.During translation which of the following tRNA
anticodons will be the first to productively bind with this mRNA?
Answer: 3′-GGC-5′
◉ What enzyme is involved in transcription? Answer: RNA
polymerase
◉ Nucleotides within an RNA molecule bind to each other through:
Answer: Phosphodiester bonds
◉ An mRNA molecule with the sequence 5′-CCG-ACG-3′is being
translated at a ribosome. Which of the following dipeptides will form
from this mRNA? Answer: pro-thr
◉ What properly summarizes the function of the Lac operon?
Answer: All of the genes needed to break down lactose are
transcribed as a single mRNA only when lactose is present.
COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
◉ DNA consists of how many polynucleotide chains? Answer: 2
◉ Two students decided to repeat the Hershey and Chase
experiment, with modifications. Like Hershey and Chase they used
radioactive sulfur but they substituted radioactive nitrogen for
radioactive phosphate. They reasoned that each nucleotide has only
one phosphate and two to five nitrogen atoms. Thus, labeling the
nitrogen atoms would provide a stronger signal than labeling the
phosphates. Which of the following is the biggest shortcoming in
their experimental design? Answer: The radioactivity would not
distinguish between DNA and proteins because proteins contain
nitrogen.
◉ What is the role of DNA ligase in the elongation of the lagging
strand during DNA replication? Answer: It joins Okazaki fragments
together.
◉ The elongation of the leading strand during DNA synthesis
________. Answer: depends on the action of DNA polymerase
,◉ In his work with pneumonia-causing bacteria and mice, Griffith
found that ________. Answer: some substance from pathogenic cells
was transferred to nonpathogenic cells, making them pathogenic
◉ Hershey and Chase set out to determine which type of molecule is
used for genetic inheritance. They completed a series of experiments
where E. coli was infected by a T2 virus. Which molecular
component of the T2 virus ended up inside the cell? Answer: DNA
◉ Radioactive thymine is added to media containing one actively
dividing E. coli bacterium. Which of the following outcomes would
be seen after a single cell division? Answer: DNA in both daughter
cells would be radioactive.
◉ What mutation would be most likely to have a harmful effect on
an organism? Answer: a single nucleotide insertion downstream of,
and close to, the start of the coding sequence
◉ What do nonsense mutations do? Answer: They change a codon
previously coding for an amino acid into a stop codon
◉ During splicing in human cells, certain regions of a RNA transcript
are removed, as they do not code for proteins. These removed
segments are referred to as: Answer: introns
, ◉ What type of RNA will be translated? Answer: mRNA
◉ What process will occur at the exposed 3′ end of a tRNA molecule?
Answer: An amino acid will bind covalently.
◉ An mRNA molecule with the sequence 5′-CCG-ACG-3′is being read
by a ribosome.During translation which of the following tRNA
anticodons will be the first to productively bind with this mRNA?
Answer: 3′-GGC-5′
◉ What enzyme is involved in transcription? Answer: RNA
polymerase
◉ Nucleotides within an RNA molecule bind to each other through:
Answer: Phosphodiester bonds
◉ An mRNA molecule with the sequence 5′-CCG-ACG-3′is being
translated at a ribosome. Which of the following dipeptides will form
from this mRNA? Answer: pro-thr
◉ What properly summarizes the function of the Lac operon?
Answer: All of the genes needed to break down lactose are
transcribed as a single mRNA only when lactose is present.
