ANATOMY NBME EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ALL CORRECT ANSWERS
/. Space from which epidural anesthesia and lumbar function are performed (depth) -
Answer-✅Subarachnoid space
/.Vertebral level at epidural anesthesia and lumbar puncture are performed - Answer-
✅L3/L4 (or L4/L5)
/.Level at which the spinal cord ends - Answer-✅L2
/.Level to which the dural sac extends - Answer-✅S2
/.Nerve root compressed by herniated lumbar disk - Answer-✅One level below (e.g.
L4/L5 compresses L5)
/.Consequence of Lumbar herniation - Answer-✅Decrease in lower limb reflexes
/.Diminished Patellar tendon reflex - Answer-✅herniation of intervertebral discs L2/L3 or
L3/L4
/.Diminished Achilles tendon reflex - Answer-✅Herniation of L5/S1
/.What causes lordosis - Answer-✅Pregnancy, spondylolisthesis, Potbelly
/.What causes Scoliosis - Answer-✅Poliomyelitis, Leg length discrepancy, Hip disease
/.What causes Kyphosis - Answer-✅Osteoporosis, disk degeneration
/.Consequence of fracture of Surgical neck of Humerus - Answer-✅Axillary nerve
/.Consequence of fracture of midshaft of Humerus - Answer-✅Radial nerve, deep
brachial artery (profunda brachii artery) and origin of brachialis muscle
/.Consequence of fracture of supracondylar region of Humerus - Answer-✅Median
nerve and brachial artery
/.Consequence of fracture of medial epicondyle of Humerus - Answer-✅Ulnar nerve
,/.Smith's fracture - Answer-✅Blow to dorsal aspect of flexed wrist causing anterior
displacement of radius
/.Coles' fracture - Answer-✅Force extension of hand (breaking a fall) causing dorsal
displacement of distal radius and avulsed ulnar styloid process
/.Synonym of Colle's fracture - Answer-✅Dinner fork deformity
/.Cause of scaphoid fracture - Answer-✅Fall onto palm when hand is abducted
/.Signs of scaphoid fracture - Answer-✅Pain on lateral side of wrist during extension
and abduction, deep tenderness of anatomical snuffbox
Proximal fragment may
undergo Avascular Necrosis
because the blood supply is
interrupted.
/.Boxer's fracture - Answer-✅Fracture of neck of metacarpal bones: 2nd and 3rd for
professionals, 4th and 5th for unskilled
/.Cause of Mallet finger - Answer-✅Hyperflexion of DIP joint
Catching a football (you have one)
/.Result of mallet finger - Answer-✅Inability to Extend DIP joint due to Avulsion of
Extensor Digitorum tendon to the base of the distal phalanx
/.Synonym of Mallet Finger - Answer-✅Baseball finger
/.Muscles of Rotator Cuff - Answer-✅(SITS)
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
Subscapularis
/.Region of shoulder joint where dislocation is most probable and reason - Answer-
✅Inferiorly due to the absence of rotator cuff tendon.
Rotator Cuff reinforces shoulder joint on all sides EXCEPT inferiorly, where dislocation
is most likely
/.Muscle that abducts upper limb from 0-15 degrees and nerve - Answer-
✅Supraspinatus, Suprascapular nerve
,/.What Muscle INITIATES abduction of the arm, and by how much? - Answer-
✅Supraspinatus (0º-15º)
/.Muscle that abducts upper limb from 15 - 110 degrees and nerve - Answer-✅Deltoid,
Axillary nerve
/.Muscle that abducts upper limb from 110 - 180 degrees and nerve - Answer-
✅Trapezius, Spinal accessory nerve & Serratus anterior, Long thoracic nerve
/.What muscles raise the upper limb above the head and why? - Answer-✅Raising the
extremity ABOVE the horizontal position requires Scapular Rotation by action of the
Trapezius (Accessory Nerve CNXI) and Serratus Anterior (Long Thoracic Nerve).
/.Cause of sub acromial bursitis - Answer-✅Calcific supraspinatus tendinitis
/.Symptoms of Sub acromial bursitis - Answer-✅Painful Arc of Abduction
Same symptoms present in cases of inflammation or trauma of the Supraspinatus
Tendon (MRI→ torn
tendon)
/.Cause of Student's elbow - Answer-✅Repeated excessive pressure to the olecranon
bursa may cause this bursa to become inflamed
Blake Griffin
/.Synonym of Student's elbow - Answer-✅Subcutaneous Olecranon Bursitis
Blake Griffin
/.Synonym of Tennis elbow - Answer-✅Lateral Epicondylitis
/.Cause of tennis elbow - Answer-✅Repeated Flexion and Extension of the wrist.
Results in Strain on the Attachment of the Common Extensor Tendon and inflammation
of the periosteum of the Lateral Epicondyle
/.Muscles affected by Tennis elbow - Answer-✅Origins of the following muscles may be
affected:
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus and Brevis
Extensor Digitorum
Extensor Digiti Minimi
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
, /.Symptoms of Tennis Elbow - Answer-✅Pain felt over lateral epicondyle and radiates
down posterior aspect of forearm.
Pain often felt when opening a door or lifting a glass.
/.Synonym of Golfer's elbow - Answer-✅Medial Epicondylitis
/.Cause of Golfer's elbow - Answer-✅Inflammation of the Common Flexor Tendon of
the wrist where it originates on the Medial Epicondyle
/.Muscles affected by Golfer's elbow - Answer-✅Origins of the following muscles may
be affected:
Pronator Teres
Flexor Carpi Radialis
Palmaris Longus
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
(PFPF)
/.2 Main arteries that provide anastomoses when Subclavian or Axillary Artery are
blocked - Answer-✅Thyrocervical Trunk
Subscapular Arteries
/.Small arteries (branches) that provide anastomoses when Subclavian or Axillary are
blocked (4) - Answer-✅Transverse Cervical
Suprascapular
Subscapular
Circumflex Scapular
/.Contents of Cubital Fossa from Lateral to Medial - Answer-✅Biceps Tendon, Brachial
Artery, Median Nerve
(TAN)
/.Subcutaneous structures of the Cubital fossa from Lateral to Medial - Answer-
✅Cephalic vein, Median cubital vein, Basilic vein
think about it man it's not that hard. what does the median cubital vein do?
/.Site of venipuncture and reason - Answer-✅Median Cubital Vein, because contents of
cubital fossa protected by Bicipital Aponeurosis.
Not accompanied by nerves
AND ALL CORRECT ANSWERS
/. Space from which epidural anesthesia and lumbar function are performed (depth) -
Answer-✅Subarachnoid space
/.Vertebral level at epidural anesthesia and lumbar puncture are performed - Answer-
✅L3/L4 (or L4/L5)
/.Level at which the spinal cord ends - Answer-✅L2
/.Level to which the dural sac extends - Answer-✅S2
/.Nerve root compressed by herniated lumbar disk - Answer-✅One level below (e.g.
L4/L5 compresses L5)
/.Consequence of Lumbar herniation - Answer-✅Decrease in lower limb reflexes
/.Diminished Patellar tendon reflex - Answer-✅herniation of intervertebral discs L2/L3 or
L3/L4
/.Diminished Achilles tendon reflex - Answer-✅Herniation of L5/S1
/.What causes lordosis - Answer-✅Pregnancy, spondylolisthesis, Potbelly
/.What causes Scoliosis - Answer-✅Poliomyelitis, Leg length discrepancy, Hip disease
/.What causes Kyphosis - Answer-✅Osteoporosis, disk degeneration
/.Consequence of fracture of Surgical neck of Humerus - Answer-✅Axillary nerve
/.Consequence of fracture of midshaft of Humerus - Answer-✅Radial nerve, deep
brachial artery (profunda brachii artery) and origin of brachialis muscle
/.Consequence of fracture of supracondylar region of Humerus - Answer-✅Median
nerve and brachial artery
/.Consequence of fracture of medial epicondyle of Humerus - Answer-✅Ulnar nerve
,/.Smith's fracture - Answer-✅Blow to dorsal aspect of flexed wrist causing anterior
displacement of radius
/.Coles' fracture - Answer-✅Force extension of hand (breaking a fall) causing dorsal
displacement of distal radius and avulsed ulnar styloid process
/.Synonym of Colle's fracture - Answer-✅Dinner fork deformity
/.Cause of scaphoid fracture - Answer-✅Fall onto palm when hand is abducted
/.Signs of scaphoid fracture - Answer-✅Pain on lateral side of wrist during extension
and abduction, deep tenderness of anatomical snuffbox
Proximal fragment may
undergo Avascular Necrosis
because the blood supply is
interrupted.
/.Boxer's fracture - Answer-✅Fracture of neck of metacarpal bones: 2nd and 3rd for
professionals, 4th and 5th for unskilled
/.Cause of Mallet finger - Answer-✅Hyperflexion of DIP joint
Catching a football (you have one)
/.Result of mallet finger - Answer-✅Inability to Extend DIP joint due to Avulsion of
Extensor Digitorum tendon to the base of the distal phalanx
/.Synonym of Mallet Finger - Answer-✅Baseball finger
/.Muscles of Rotator Cuff - Answer-✅(SITS)
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
Subscapularis
/.Region of shoulder joint where dislocation is most probable and reason - Answer-
✅Inferiorly due to the absence of rotator cuff tendon.
Rotator Cuff reinforces shoulder joint on all sides EXCEPT inferiorly, where dislocation
is most likely
/.Muscle that abducts upper limb from 0-15 degrees and nerve - Answer-
✅Supraspinatus, Suprascapular nerve
,/.What Muscle INITIATES abduction of the arm, and by how much? - Answer-
✅Supraspinatus (0º-15º)
/.Muscle that abducts upper limb from 15 - 110 degrees and nerve - Answer-✅Deltoid,
Axillary nerve
/.Muscle that abducts upper limb from 110 - 180 degrees and nerve - Answer-
✅Trapezius, Spinal accessory nerve & Serratus anterior, Long thoracic nerve
/.What muscles raise the upper limb above the head and why? - Answer-✅Raising the
extremity ABOVE the horizontal position requires Scapular Rotation by action of the
Trapezius (Accessory Nerve CNXI) and Serratus Anterior (Long Thoracic Nerve).
/.Cause of sub acromial bursitis - Answer-✅Calcific supraspinatus tendinitis
/.Symptoms of Sub acromial bursitis - Answer-✅Painful Arc of Abduction
Same symptoms present in cases of inflammation or trauma of the Supraspinatus
Tendon (MRI→ torn
tendon)
/.Cause of Student's elbow - Answer-✅Repeated excessive pressure to the olecranon
bursa may cause this bursa to become inflamed
Blake Griffin
/.Synonym of Student's elbow - Answer-✅Subcutaneous Olecranon Bursitis
Blake Griffin
/.Synonym of Tennis elbow - Answer-✅Lateral Epicondylitis
/.Cause of tennis elbow - Answer-✅Repeated Flexion and Extension of the wrist.
Results in Strain on the Attachment of the Common Extensor Tendon and inflammation
of the periosteum of the Lateral Epicondyle
/.Muscles affected by Tennis elbow - Answer-✅Origins of the following muscles may be
affected:
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus and Brevis
Extensor Digitorum
Extensor Digiti Minimi
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
, /.Symptoms of Tennis Elbow - Answer-✅Pain felt over lateral epicondyle and radiates
down posterior aspect of forearm.
Pain often felt when opening a door or lifting a glass.
/.Synonym of Golfer's elbow - Answer-✅Medial Epicondylitis
/.Cause of Golfer's elbow - Answer-✅Inflammation of the Common Flexor Tendon of
the wrist where it originates on the Medial Epicondyle
/.Muscles affected by Golfer's elbow - Answer-✅Origins of the following muscles may
be affected:
Pronator Teres
Flexor Carpi Radialis
Palmaris Longus
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
(PFPF)
/.2 Main arteries that provide anastomoses when Subclavian or Axillary Artery are
blocked - Answer-✅Thyrocervical Trunk
Subscapular Arteries
/.Small arteries (branches) that provide anastomoses when Subclavian or Axillary are
blocked (4) - Answer-✅Transverse Cervical
Suprascapular
Subscapular
Circumflex Scapular
/.Contents of Cubital Fossa from Lateral to Medial - Answer-✅Biceps Tendon, Brachial
Artery, Median Nerve
(TAN)
/.Subcutaneous structures of the Cubital fossa from Lateral to Medial - Answer-
✅Cephalic vein, Median cubital vein, Basilic vein
think about it man it's not that hard. what does the median cubital vein do?
/.Site of venipuncture and reason - Answer-✅Median Cubital Vein, because contents of
cubital fossa protected by Bicipital Aponeurosis.
Not accompanied by nerves
