COSTCO ILE 3 EXAM STUDY GUIDE 2026 FULL
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY PASSED
◉ acids and bases. Answer: what ionizes at a pH between 6 and 8?
◉ acids. Answer: what ionizes at a pH above 10?
◉ pH=pKa+log[base]/[acid]. Answer: Henderson-Hassleback
Equation
◉ A-/HA. Answer: acid [base]/[acid]
◉ B/HB+. Answer: base [base]/[acid]
◉ anions. Answer: acids ionize to ___
◉ cations. Answer: bases ionize to ___
◉ absorption. Answer: size, polarity, and structure are the three
factors affecting ___
,◉ passive. Answer: paracellular transport is a ___ transport that only
allows small, low MW, polar molecules to move across membranes
◉ 0, 3. Answer: optimal absorption for passive transmembrane
diffusion occurs when the logP is between ___ and ___
◉ dissolved. Answer: molecules with a logP above 3 are not ___
◉ absorbed. Answer: molecules with a logP below 0 are not ___
◉ low. Answer: acids absorb better at ___ pH
◉ high. Answer: bases absorb better at ___ pH
◉ two. Answer: How many transporters are required to get from the
lumen to the blood?
◉ less than 5. Answer: In Lapinski's Rule of 5...how many H bond
donors are allowed?
◉ less than 10. Answer: in Lapinski's Rule of 5, how many H bond
acceptors are allowed?
,◉ less than 500. Answer: In Lapinski's Rule of 5, what MW is
allowed for passive transmembrane diffusion?
◉ -1, 5. Answer: in Lapinski's Rule of 5, what must the log P be
between?
◉ Passive Transmembrane Diffusion. Answer: Lapinski's Rule of 5 is
specifically for which type of Absorption?
◉ passive. Answer: most importers are SLC, which are ___
◉ active. Answer: most exporters are ABC, which are ___
◉ transporter. Answer: OATPs, OATs, OCTs, CNTs, ENTs, and PEPTs
are examples of ____ molecules
◉ specificity. Answer: property/kinetic that says drug structure and
stereochemistry must match transporter
◉ competition/inhibition. Answer: property/kinetic that says there
can be competition/inhibition leading to decreasedabsorption of
drugs
, ◉ concentration. Answer: property/kinetic that says transport of
drug can occur against a gradient
◉ saturability. Answer: property/kinetic that says transport
mechanisms can be saturated at high drug concentrations...% drug
absorbed decreases w/increasing dose until all transporters are
saturated
◉ distribution. Answer: characterized as "from the site of admin--
>rest of the body"
◉ bloodstream. Answer: most drugs are distributed via the ___
◉ RATE. Answer: ___ of distribution: which organ/tissue
compartment exposed most readily ot drug depends on (1)
tissue/organ perfusion and (2) tissue/organ permeability
◉ how fast. Answer: Rate of Distribution is characterized by "___ ___"
◉ extent. Answer: ___ of distribution: equilibrium concentrations in
different tissues/organs in teh body dependent on (1)
lipophilicity/hydrophility (2) ionization (3) plasma/tissue protein
binding (4) balance of transport process
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY PASSED
◉ acids and bases. Answer: what ionizes at a pH between 6 and 8?
◉ acids. Answer: what ionizes at a pH above 10?
◉ pH=pKa+log[base]/[acid]. Answer: Henderson-Hassleback
Equation
◉ A-/HA. Answer: acid [base]/[acid]
◉ B/HB+. Answer: base [base]/[acid]
◉ anions. Answer: acids ionize to ___
◉ cations. Answer: bases ionize to ___
◉ absorption. Answer: size, polarity, and structure are the three
factors affecting ___
,◉ passive. Answer: paracellular transport is a ___ transport that only
allows small, low MW, polar molecules to move across membranes
◉ 0, 3. Answer: optimal absorption for passive transmembrane
diffusion occurs when the logP is between ___ and ___
◉ dissolved. Answer: molecules with a logP above 3 are not ___
◉ absorbed. Answer: molecules with a logP below 0 are not ___
◉ low. Answer: acids absorb better at ___ pH
◉ high. Answer: bases absorb better at ___ pH
◉ two. Answer: How many transporters are required to get from the
lumen to the blood?
◉ less than 5. Answer: In Lapinski's Rule of 5...how many H bond
donors are allowed?
◉ less than 10. Answer: in Lapinski's Rule of 5, how many H bond
acceptors are allowed?
,◉ less than 500. Answer: In Lapinski's Rule of 5, what MW is
allowed for passive transmembrane diffusion?
◉ -1, 5. Answer: in Lapinski's Rule of 5, what must the log P be
between?
◉ Passive Transmembrane Diffusion. Answer: Lapinski's Rule of 5 is
specifically for which type of Absorption?
◉ passive. Answer: most importers are SLC, which are ___
◉ active. Answer: most exporters are ABC, which are ___
◉ transporter. Answer: OATPs, OATs, OCTs, CNTs, ENTs, and PEPTs
are examples of ____ molecules
◉ specificity. Answer: property/kinetic that says drug structure and
stereochemistry must match transporter
◉ competition/inhibition. Answer: property/kinetic that says there
can be competition/inhibition leading to decreasedabsorption of
drugs
, ◉ concentration. Answer: property/kinetic that says transport of
drug can occur against a gradient
◉ saturability. Answer: property/kinetic that says transport
mechanisms can be saturated at high drug concentrations...% drug
absorbed decreases w/increasing dose until all transporters are
saturated
◉ distribution. Answer: characterized as "from the site of admin--
>rest of the body"
◉ bloodstream. Answer: most drugs are distributed via the ___
◉ RATE. Answer: ___ of distribution: which organ/tissue
compartment exposed most readily ot drug depends on (1)
tissue/organ perfusion and (2) tissue/organ permeability
◉ how fast. Answer: Rate of Distribution is characterized by "___ ___"
◉ extent. Answer: ___ of distribution: equilibrium concentrations in
different tissues/organs in teh body dependent on (1)
lipophilicity/hydrophility (2) ionization (3) plasma/tissue protein
binding (4) balance of transport process
