COMPLETE ANSWERS VERIFIED
⩥ Can Nurse Practitioners furnish drugs or devices to family
members or friends? Answer: An NP, however, should never prescribe
controlled substances for himself or herself or for family members, as
it is expressly illegal in many states. Prescribing controlled substances
and other legend drugs for self and family raises many ethical
questions. Prescribing for self and family member has inherent risks
related to lack of objectivity. Effort should be made to discuss the
condition with the collaborating physician. Even if it is not expressly
illegal under many state laws to prescribe a controlled substance for a
family member, it is always inadvisable. Drug Enforcement
Administration (DEA) numbers are specific to a practice setting, so an
NP who prescribes a controlled substance for a family member who
does not come to the practice setting may be violating 2 laws.
⩥ Certified NPs who hold active furnishing licenses and valid DEA
registration numbers can furnish/order controlled substances from
what schedules Answer: In CA,
The amended B&P Code Section 2836.1 extends the NPs' furnishing
authority to include Schedule II through V controlled substance
furnished or ordered that can be considered the same as an order
initiated by the physician. The NP must obtain a DEA registration
number to furnish Schedule II through V.
⩥ Is physical dependence the same as addiction? Answer: Physical
dependence to opioids means that the body relies on an external
source of opioids to prevent withdrawal. Physical dependence is
, predictable, easily managed with medication, and is ultimately
resolved with a slow taper off of the opioid. Normally, the body can
produce enough endogenous opioids (example: endorphins) to prevent
withdrawal. But as tolerance increases, eventually the body's ability to
maintain this equilibrium is exceeded and the body becomes
dependent on that external source. Unlike physical dependence
addiction is abnormal and classified as a disease. Addiction is a
primary condition manifesting as uncontrollable cravings, inability to
control drug use, compulsive drug use, and use despite doing harm to
oneself or others. Uncontrollable cravings prompt the destructive
behaviors of addiction. There is no addiction without cravings. Strong
cravings are common to all addictions. These cravings are rooted in
altered brain biology. Recovery is the process of reversing, to the
extent possible, these brain changes. This is accomplished through
therapy and replacing the addictive behaviors with healthy alternative
behaviors
⩥ Certain schedule controlled substances are furnished following
patient-specific protocols. Which two schedules are these? Schedule I,
II, III, IV, and/or V? Answer: Schedule II and III controlled
substances furnished by the NP are furnished or ordered in accord
with a patient-specific protocol approved by the treating physician.
⩥ What 3 criteria or circumstances do the DEA use to classify
dangerous drugs as a controlled substance? Answer: Have a high
potential for abuse
Have acceptable medical uses in the U.S.
Have the potential to cause severe psychological or physical
dependence if abused