NR 606 MIDTERM EXAM LATEST 2026 ACTUAL EXAM
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What are barriers to seeking mental health care in children
& adolescents? - Answers-Children- Although children and
adolescents may seek help, they usually drop out before
treatment is effective due to poverty, language barriers,
living in communities with lack of resources, stressors
such as family issues, violence in the community, unstable
housing, unemployment and food insecurity.
Adolescents- Many parents lack an access to sufficient
care for their children or themselves during perinatal.
Parents and adolescents are reluctant to receive care due
to the stigmas or negative perceptions towards mental
health services.
What are some barriers that pregnant women are faced
with when attempting to seek care for mental health? -
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Answers-Perinatal- cost, scheduling conflicts and high
staff turnover rate causes issues for families seeking care.
Less than 15% of women get treated for PPD.
Explain the sensorimotor stage (ages 0-2) according to
Piaget. - Answers-Children experience the world through
their senses and motor responses. The goal of this stage
is object permanence.
Explain the pre-operational stage (ages 2-7) according to
Piaget. - Answers-Children think symbolically and think
very concrete. They learn to use words or pictures to
represent objects. They are egocentric and have difficulty
seeing things from others' perspectives. Pre-operational
thinking is very concrete. So think very straight forward
when you are teaching them:
"You know how its hard for you to sit still and pay attention
in school? This medicine will help you" . Imagination is still
strong however abstract thinking is difficult. Think Ade's
responses. THE ABSENCE OF OBJECT PERMANENCE.
Explain the concrete-operational stage (ages 7-11)
according to Piaget. - Answers-Children begin to think
more logical and organized about concrete events. They
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begin to reason inductively, from specific information to
principles. Using similes within teaching is great for this
group.
"It's kind of like you've got a great bike. The brakes just
need some fixing. The medication is like fixing the brakes."
Time, space, and quantity is understood however not as
separate concepts.
Explain the Formal-operational stage (ages 12 and up)
according to Piaget. - Answers-Adolescents and young
adults begin to reason abstractly and can consider
hypothetical problems. They begin to think more about
moral, philosophical, ethical, social, and political issues.
"This medication can help you ignore distractions so you
can complete tasks. They can also help with self-control,
which may help you get along better with your friends and
parents. Do you have any concerns about taking the
medication?" They begin to start planning at this age.
-50% of lifetime mental illnesses begin at the age of 14.
-50% of children ages 8-15 are not treated for mental
illnesses - Answers-
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How does consent work with children? - Answers-Parents
may decide whether to allow treatment if the child is
unable to provide true informed consent (Preston et al.,
2021). Although children may not be able to give legal
consent, they should be included in discussions about
medication and treatment whenever possible. Child input
into treatment decisions may encourage treatment
adherence. Positive experiences with providers and
treatment can help instill the perception that treatment is
beneficial, which can support positive mental health
behaviors in the future.
What should be included in the consent form and
documentation when discussing information (such as
taking psychotropic drugs) with pregnant patients? -
Answers-Informed consent should include
side effects
possible/rare side effects to mother and baby regardless of
incidence
the patient's decision to continue or discontinue treatment
potential risks of continuing or discontinuing treatment
Referral to perinatal psychiatrist if the patient is at high risk
or on a high-risk medication.