Exam 1: NUR209/ NUR 209 (2024/ 2025 Update) Medical
Surgical Nursing II| Review with Questions and Verified
Answers| 100% Correct| Grade A – Fortis
1. A patient with left-sided heart failure is most likely to exhibit which symptom first?
A. Peripheral edema
B. Jugular vein distention
C. Pulmonary crackles
D. Ascites
Answer: C
Rationale: Left-sided heart failure causes pulmonary congestion, leading to crackles and
dyspnea.
2. Which medication reduces preload in heart failure patients?
A. Beta-blockers
B. ACE inhibitors
C. Diuretics
D. Digoxin
Answer: C
Rationale: Diuretics reduce circulating blood volume, decreasing preload.
3. A blood pressure reading of 180/110 mmHg indicates:
A. Hypotension
B. Normal BP
C. Stage 1 hypertension
D. Hypertensive crisis
Answer: D
Rationale: BP ≥180/120 mmHg is considered a hypertensive crisis.
4. The priority nursing intervention for acute chest pain is to:
A. Obtain a full history
B. Administer oxygen
,C. Give oral fluids
D. Place patient in Trendelenburg
Answer: B
Rationale: Oxygen improves myocardial oxygenation and limits ischemia.
5. Which lab value confirms myocardial infarction?
A. BNP
B. Troponin
C. Potassium
D. INR
Answer: B
Rationale: Troponin is a highly specific marker of myocardial injury.
RESPIRATORY DISORDERS
6. A patient with COPD should be positioned how to ease breathing?
A. Supine
B. Prone
C. High Fowler’s
D. Trendelenburg
Answer: C
Rationale: High Fowler’s maximizes lung expansion.
7. Which ABG finding is expected in respiratory acidosis?
A. High pH, low CO₂
B. Low pH, high CO₂
C. High pH, high HCO₃
D. Normal pH, low CO₂
Answer: B
Rationale: Retained CO₂ lowers blood pH.
8. Which assessment finding suggests pneumonia?
A. Hyperresonance
B. Diminished breath sounds
, C. Productive cough with fever
D. Barrel chest
Answer: C
Rationale: Fever and productive cough indicate infection.
9. The priority intervention for a patient with acute asthma attack is:
A. Oral steroids
B. Bronchodilator therapy
C. Antibiotics
D. Incentive spirometry
Answer: B
Rationale: Rapid bronchodilation relieves airway obstruction.
10. Which oxygen device delivers the highest concentration?
A. Nasal cannula
B. Simple mask
C. Venturi mask
D. Non-rebreather mask
Answer: D
Rationale: Non-rebreather masks deliver up to 90–100% oxygen.
RENAL & URINARY DISORDERS
11. The earliest sign of acute kidney injury is:
A. Elevated creatinine
B. Decreased urine output
C. Hypertension
D. Edema
Answer: B
Rationale: Oliguria occurs before lab abnormalities.
12. Which electrolyte imbalance is common in renal failure?
A. Hypokalemia
B. Hyperkalemia
Surgical Nursing II| Review with Questions and Verified
Answers| 100% Correct| Grade A – Fortis
1. A patient with left-sided heart failure is most likely to exhibit which symptom first?
A. Peripheral edema
B. Jugular vein distention
C. Pulmonary crackles
D. Ascites
Answer: C
Rationale: Left-sided heart failure causes pulmonary congestion, leading to crackles and
dyspnea.
2. Which medication reduces preload in heart failure patients?
A. Beta-blockers
B. ACE inhibitors
C. Diuretics
D. Digoxin
Answer: C
Rationale: Diuretics reduce circulating blood volume, decreasing preload.
3. A blood pressure reading of 180/110 mmHg indicates:
A. Hypotension
B. Normal BP
C. Stage 1 hypertension
D. Hypertensive crisis
Answer: D
Rationale: BP ≥180/120 mmHg is considered a hypertensive crisis.
4. The priority nursing intervention for acute chest pain is to:
A. Obtain a full history
B. Administer oxygen
,C. Give oral fluids
D. Place patient in Trendelenburg
Answer: B
Rationale: Oxygen improves myocardial oxygenation and limits ischemia.
5. Which lab value confirms myocardial infarction?
A. BNP
B. Troponin
C. Potassium
D. INR
Answer: B
Rationale: Troponin is a highly specific marker of myocardial injury.
RESPIRATORY DISORDERS
6. A patient with COPD should be positioned how to ease breathing?
A. Supine
B. Prone
C. High Fowler’s
D. Trendelenburg
Answer: C
Rationale: High Fowler’s maximizes lung expansion.
7. Which ABG finding is expected in respiratory acidosis?
A. High pH, low CO₂
B. Low pH, high CO₂
C. High pH, high HCO₃
D. Normal pH, low CO₂
Answer: B
Rationale: Retained CO₂ lowers blood pH.
8. Which assessment finding suggests pneumonia?
A. Hyperresonance
B. Diminished breath sounds
, C. Productive cough with fever
D. Barrel chest
Answer: C
Rationale: Fever and productive cough indicate infection.
9. The priority intervention for a patient with acute asthma attack is:
A. Oral steroids
B. Bronchodilator therapy
C. Antibiotics
D. Incentive spirometry
Answer: B
Rationale: Rapid bronchodilation relieves airway obstruction.
10. Which oxygen device delivers the highest concentration?
A. Nasal cannula
B. Simple mask
C. Venturi mask
D. Non-rebreather mask
Answer: D
Rationale: Non-rebreather masks deliver up to 90–100% oxygen.
RENAL & URINARY DISORDERS
11. The earliest sign of acute kidney injury is:
A. Elevated creatinine
B. Decreased urine output
C. Hypertension
D. Edema
Answer: B
Rationale: Oliguria occurs before lab abnormalities.
12. Which electrolyte imbalance is common in renal failure?
A. Hypokalemia
B. Hyperkalemia
