Chapter: memory-5e_Chap 1_TB
1. For scientific research to be empirical, it must also be ______.
A) verifiable
B) provable
C) calculable
D) honorable
2. Smith and Johnson completed a study on memory in 2020. Jones and Allan will
conduct the study again to make sure they get the same results. This ensures the
research is ______.
A) demonstrable
B) valuable
C) replicable
D) standardized
3. Humans have been examining their own thinking and memories since prehistoric
times. This shows evidence of ______.
A) introspective behavior
B) meta-analysis
C) memory consolidation
D) generalizations
4. In Ebbinghaus’s memory studies, what did the savings score represent?
A) the length of time information can be held in working memory
B) the reduced time needed to relearn previously learned material
C) the speed with which someone begins to forget newly acquired information
D) the amount of time between a person studying a list and retrieving that list
5. Compared with massed practice, distributed practice results in ______.
A) shorter retention of content
B) greater paired-associate learning
C) reduced amount of content mastered
D) faster mastery of content
6. Continuing to study material after it has been thoroughly learned is termed
______.
,A) metamemory
B) massed practice
C) the retention interval
D) overlearning
7. Although he was also known for his work with memory measurements,
Ebbinghaus is also accredited with an even broader study of human memory.
Considering his life work, what is this broader study?
A) designing the first studies on human memory
B) designing a flash card system for memorization
C) explaining the forgetting and savings graphs
D) developing standards for dream interpretation as it relates to memory
8. Mary Calkins is associated with ______.
A) paired-associate learning
B) the spacing effect
C) behaviorism
D) suppressed memories
9. Watson and other behaviorists spent time studying learning but not memory.
This is because ______.
A) behaviorists like to study emotions but not emotional memories
B) behaviorists only wanted to work with animals, not humans
C) behaviorists only study observable behavior and memory is not
observable
D) behaviorists decline to study anything in the cognitive realm
10. Which statement accurately describes Frederic Bartlett’s beliefs about memory?
A) Memory is composed of compartments.
B) Memory is exact in all forms.
C) Expectations can affect the accuracy of memories.
D) Memory cannot be effectively studied because it cannot be directly observed.
11. Tulving introduced the idea that ______.
A) long-term memory involves different systems for personal memories
and memories of facts
B) a centralized area of the brain is responsible for memory
C) retrieved memories may not be factually accurate
,D) the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is an important area in the regulation of
memory retrieval
12. Endel Tulving is associated with what type of memory?
A) episodic/semantic
B) long-term/short-term
C) recall/recognition
D) cognitive/behavioral
13. Compared to behaviorism, cognitive psychology concentrates more on ______
and other processes that aren’t visible.
A) the mind
B) the soul
C) social interactions
D) reflexes
14. Elizabeth Loftus is a memory expert, but she doesn’t work on forgetting or
amnesia, she works with ______.
A) transience and blocking
B) false memories
C) Alzheimer’s patients
D) patient’s experiencing encoding failure
15. Fong witnesses a mugging. She initially reported to police on the scene that the
mugger had blonde hair. After the police officer asked, ‘Are you sure it wasn’t brown
hair?” Fong changed her answer and said it was brown hair. This is an example of
______.
A) misinformation effect
B) operant conditioning
C) proactive interference
D) temporary amnesia
16. Cognitive neuroscience is ______.
A) the study of operant and classical conditioning
B) the study of the role of the brain in producing cognition
C) the study of short-term memory
D) the application of neuroimaging
, 17. Benoit and colleagues were interested in the parts of the brain responsible for
______.
A) remembering emotional memories
B) remembering traumatic memories
C) suppressing happy memories
D) suppressing unwanted memories
18. Which area of the brain is able to suppress painful memories?
A) dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
B) temporal lobe
C) somatosensory cortex
D) amygdala
19. You witnessed a crime and the police ask you to describe as much as you can
about the crime. Which test of memory will be used?
A) forced-choice recognition test
B) free recall test
C) old/new recognition test
D) cued recall test
20. A research study is examining the effect of a new drug on memory decline seen
in Alzheimer’s disease. Some people are given an active drug. Others are given an
inactive pill. A memory assessment is given to all participants before and after
taking the pills. What is the independent variable in this study?
A) the inactive pill
B) the active drug
C) the assessment scores before the study
D) the assessment scores after the study
21. Kim asks Jen, “What is your mother’s maiden name?” Jen will have to use
______ to remember this.
A) cued recall
B) free recall
C) recognition
D) relearning
22. Zakiyah is taking a multiple-choice test. She believes multiple-choice is easier
than short answer, because she is using ______ versus ______.
1. For scientific research to be empirical, it must also be ______.
A) verifiable
B) provable
C) calculable
D) honorable
2. Smith and Johnson completed a study on memory in 2020. Jones and Allan will
conduct the study again to make sure they get the same results. This ensures the
research is ______.
A) demonstrable
B) valuable
C) replicable
D) standardized
3. Humans have been examining their own thinking and memories since prehistoric
times. This shows evidence of ______.
A) introspective behavior
B) meta-analysis
C) memory consolidation
D) generalizations
4. In Ebbinghaus’s memory studies, what did the savings score represent?
A) the length of time information can be held in working memory
B) the reduced time needed to relearn previously learned material
C) the speed with which someone begins to forget newly acquired information
D) the amount of time between a person studying a list and retrieving that list
5. Compared with massed practice, distributed practice results in ______.
A) shorter retention of content
B) greater paired-associate learning
C) reduced amount of content mastered
D) faster mastery of content
6. Continuing to study material after it has been thoroughly learned is termed
______.
,A) metamemory
B) massed practice
C) the retention interval
D) overlearning
7. Although he was also known for his work with memory measurements,
Ebbinghaus is also accredited with an even broader study of human memory.
Considering his life work, what is this broader study?
A) designing the first studies on human memory
B) designing a flash card system for memorization
C) explaining the forgetting and savings graphs
D) developing standards for dream interpretation as it relates to memory
8. Mary Calkins is associated with ______.
A) paired-associate learning
B) the spacing effect
C) behaviorism
D) suppressed memories
9. Watson and other behaviorists spent time studying learning but not memory.
This is because ______.
A) behaviorists like to study emotions but not emotional memories
B) behaviorists only wanted to work with animals, not humans
C) behaviorists only study observable behavior and memory is not
observable
D) behaviorists decline to study anything in the cognitive realm
10. Which statement accurately describes Frederic Bartlett’s beliefs about memory?
A) Memory is composed of compartments.
B) Memory is exact in all forms.
C) Expectations can affect the accuracy of memories.
D) Memory cannot be effectively studied because it cannot be directly observed.
11. Tulving introduced the idea that ______.
A) long-term memory involves different systems for personal memories
and memories of facts
B) a centralized area of the brain is responsible for memory
C) retrieved memories may not be factually accurate
,D) the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is an important area in the regulation of
memory retrieval
12. Endel Tulving is associated with what type of memory?
A) episodic/semantic
B) long-term/short-term
C) recall/recognition
D) cognitive/behavioral
13. Compared to behaviorism, cognitive psychology concentrates more on ______
and other processes that aren’t visible.
A) the mind
B) the soul
C) social interactions
D) reflexes
14. Elizabeth Loftus is a memory expert, but she doesn’t work on forgetting or
amnesia, she works with ______.
A) transience and blocking
B) false memories
C) Alzheimer’s patients
D) patient’s experiencing encoding failure
15. Fong witnesses a mugging. She initially reported to police on the scene that the
mugger had blonde hair. After the police officer asked, ‘Are you sure it wasn’t brown
hair?” Fong changed her answer and said it was brown hair. This is an example of
______.
A) misinformation effect
B) operant conditioning
C) proactive interference
D) temporary amnesia
16. Cognitive neuroscience is ______.
A) the study of operant and classical conditioning
B) the study of the role of the brain in producing cognition
C) the study of short-term memory
D) the application of neuroimaging
, 17. Benoit and colleagues were interested in the parts of the brain responsible for
______.
A) remembering emotional memories
B) remembering traumatic memories
C) suppressing happy memories
D) suppressing unwanted memories
18. Which area of the brain is able to suppress painful memories?
A) dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
B) temporal lobe
C) somatosensory cortex
D) amygdala
19. You witnessed a crime and the police ask you to describe as much as you can
about the crime. Which test of memory will be used?
A) forced-choice recognition test
B) free recall test
C) old/new recognition test
D) cued recall test
20. A research study is examining the effect of a new drug on memory decline seen
in Alzheimer’s disease. Some people are given an active drug. Others are given an
inactive pill. A memory assessment is given to all participants before and after
taking the pills. What is the independent variable in this study?
A) the inactive pill
B) the active drug
C) the assessment scores before the study
D) the assessment scores after the study
21. Kim asks Jen, “What is your mother’s maiden name?” Jen will have to use
______ to remember this.
A) cued recall
B) free recall
C) recognition
D) relearning
22. Zakiyah is taking a multiple-choice test. She believes multiple-choice is easier
than short answer, because she is using ______ versus ______.
