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Michigan State University
Chemical reactions
involve rearrangements of valence electrons
the element undergoing a chemical reaction does not ever change
Ionization energies are affected by
-size of an atom
-size of positive charge
Periodic Trends
-small atoms have higher ionization energies
-they are inversely related
Atomic Radius Decreases ------ > Ionization energy increases
when the radius decreases, it pulls the electrons closer. decreasing the size of an
atom
, Nuclear Reactions
Fusion and Fission
Fusion
two lighter nuclei combines to form a heavier nucleus (energy released)
Fission
a heavier nucleus is broken a part to form lighter, more stable nuclei energy
Atomic # =
# of protons
Atomic mass =
what's left over
Do isolated atoms or molecules have melting or boiling points?
No