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C170: Data Management - Applications
Questions and Answers (100% Correct
Answers) Already Graded A+
database model— Ans: A database model is a conceptual framework
for database software.
NoSQL databases— Ans: Stands for Not Only SQL. NoSQL is a non-
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relational database. Created out of necessity for big data and is
optimized for big data. Encompasses a variety of database models.
NoSQL is NOT the dominant model for databases.
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Example of the 4 Database Models— Ans: Hierarchical - Speed and
storage - IMS
Network Model - Speed and storage objective - IDMS.
Relational Model - Productivity and simplicity, transactional applications
- MySQL, Oracle, SQL Server, DB2.
NoSQL Models - Big data, Analytic applications - MongoDB, Redis,
Cassandra, Neo4j
Which database is relational? DB2, IDMs, or MongoDB...— Ans: DB2 - DB2
is one of the first relational databases, released by IBM in the early 1980's
The relational model was originally developed for which types of
applications?— Ans: Transactional applications like banking and airline
reservations.
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What was the initial impediment to commercial adoption of relational
databases in the early 1980's?— Ans: Processing speed
Relational model is a database model based on mathematical
principles, with three parts:— Ans: 1. A data structure that prescribes how
data is organized
2. Operations that manipulate data structures.
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3. Rules that govern valid relational data.
Set Theory - What is a set?— Ans: A set is a collection of values, or
elements, with no inherent order.
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Set's are denoted with braces. Ex: {apple, banana, lemon} is a set of 3
fruit.
Relational model contains relational data structure based on 3
mathematical concepts: What are the 3 concepts?— Ans: domain
tuple
relation
Domain— Ans: named set of possible database values. Integers,
dictionary words, logical values such as True/False.
tuple— Ans: finite sequence of values, each drawn from a fixed domain.
ex. (3, apple, True)
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relation— Ans: a named set of tuples, all drawn from the same sequence
of domains. ex. name of the tuple (3, apple, True) is Grocery, as is the
name of the tuple (0, lemon, False).
Each tuple position is called an— Ans: attribute
Which terms are commonly used in relational database processing—
Ans: Row, table, column. Occasionally tuple, relation, attribute adn
record, file, field are also used.
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Are these relations the same?
{ (8, mango, FALSE), (-11, watermelon, FALSE) }{ (-11, watermelon, FALSE),
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(8, mango, FALSE) }— Ans: Yes. Both relations contain the same tuples.
Since a relation is a set, the order of the tuples does not matter.
In the relational data structure, which components are named?— Ans:
Domain, relation, and attribute
Relational Algebra includes the following 7 relational operations:— Ans:
Select
Project
Product
Join
Union
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Intersect
Difference
Select— Ans: Relational operation aka relational algebra term. Means to
select a subset of rows of a table.
Project— Ans: Relational operation aka relational algebra term.
Eliminates one or more columns of a table.
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Product— Ans: Relational operation aka relational algebra term.
Lists all possible combinations of rows of two tables.
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Join— Ans: Relational operation aka relational algebra term.
a product operation followed by a select operation.
SELECT statement that combines data from two tables, known as the left
table and the right table, into a single result.
Example:
SELECT DepartmentName, EmployeeName
FROM Department, Employee
WHERE Manager = ID;
Union— Ans: Relational operation aka relational algebra term.