NSG 3600
EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE
Nursing Practice – Children’s Health
Galen College of Nursing
,NSG 3600: Children’s Health— Exam #1
Unit 1 & 2 Review/Study Guide
Mendellin
Includes: Book, PPT, Mini Lesson, Lecture Notes, Key points
Unit 1: Growth & Development & Immunizations and Infectious diseases
Growth & Development
Principals of Pediatric Nursing
• Family Centered Care
o Family is recognized as the constant in a child’s life
o Systems must support, respect, encourage, and enhance the strength and competence of the
family
o The needs of all family members must be addressed
Parent needs to be involved in care
Depending on age child needs to be involved in care
Organize day by talking to family before performing any procedure
• Concept of “enabling”
o Families are given opportunities to display caring abilities and make develop new ones
• Concept of “empowerment”
o Families are encouraged to maintain or acquire a sense of control and make positive changes
• Accomplished through the parent-professional partnership
• Therapeutic/ Atraumatic Care
o The goal of providing atraumatic care is “first, do no harm.” Three principles to help achieve this
goal are:
Prevent separation
Promote sense of control
Minimize bodily injury
• Advocacy
o Ensuring that families are informed: health services and care available, treatments and
procedures
o Ensuring that families are involved in their child’s care
o Ensuring that families are encouraged to support or change health care practices
Consent***
Informed consent
o Requirements for obtaining
o Eligibility for giving
Guardianship & Custody
Age of majority/ competence
o “Emancipated Minor”
o “Assent”
Treatment without parental consent
o Parens Patriae is the power of the state to act as guardian for those who are unable to care for
themselves, such as children or disabled individuals
Growth and Development
Continuously assess height and weight
• Sequential trends
, o Sequential trends are based on the concept that each child will normally pass through each stage
of growth and development in a predictable sequence
o These patterns, or trends, are universal and basic to all human beings, but each human being
accomplishes these in a manner and time unique to that individual
Newborn/Infant: Birth to 1 Year
Reflexes and neurological Rooting: head turns and begins to suck when the check/lower lip is
development: How to perform stroked stroke cheek/lip
this reflex? Sucking: sucking motion of lips, mouth, and tongue survival
reflex
Palmar & palmar grasping: palms of hands/ soles of feet are
stroked, causing fingers or toes to scrunch up
Moro: startle response with sudden jarring causes extensions of the
head. Arms abduct & move upward. Hands for a “c”
Babinski: turning of foot & fanning out toes with sole stroked
Physical development
Rapid growth
Double birth weight at
6m and triple at 1 year
Birth length increases
by 50% at 12 months.
Fine Motor Transfer objects between hands
Scribble
Stack large objects 6-12m
Pincer grasp 9-12m
Gross Motor Raise head and chest while on belly/ roll on side 3m
No head lag 6m
Turn over 7 m
Sits unsupported 8-9m
Crawl & pull up 8-10m
Cognitive Development
Piaget Theory Sensorimotor: (Birth to age 2)
primary means of cognition is through the senses
Language Development Crying, babbling, imitation influenced by social interaction
Social smile 2m (6-8 weeks)
Mama/dada 9-12m plus a few words
Psychosocial development: Trust vs Mistrust (newborn to 1 year)
Erikson Theory recognize that there are people that will meet their basic needs.
Result: Faith & Optimism
Nutrition Breast milk or Formula
Intro to solids 4-6 months
, Encourage self-feeding
Finger foods
Wean to cup 9-12m
Family mealtime
Change to whole milk: 12 m
Age-appropriate activities Solitary Play:
(hospitalization) Mobiles
Rattles
Squeak toys
Cloth picture books
Balls
Colored blocks
Activity boxes
Anticipatory Guidance: Teach parents what to expect with G&D
Sleep-wake patterns: have a nighttime routine
Nutrition
Safety: don’t leave them unattended
Common Injuries Head Injury
Fracture from falls
Burns
MVA: Improperly installed car seat
Choking
Suffocation by cord or string
Injury Prevention Child proofing house
Safety locks
Crib
Car seat
Warming bottles
No hot food or liquids
CLOSE SUPERVISION
No walkers
No long cords or removable toys
Test water temp <120F
Immunizations HEP B
RV
Dtap
Hib
PVC13
IPV
Influenza
!2m: MMR, Varicella, Hep A
Nursing Implications for the
Hospitalized patient: Mini During hospitalization, an infant’s emerging skills may disappear.
Lesson Baby may be inconsolable due to separation anxiety.
Parents must be part of infant’s care.
Respect schedule & implement similar.
Speak to & console infant. Direct preparation & teaching to
parents.
Toys for hospitalized infants: mobiles, rattles, squeak toys, cloth
picture books, balls, colored blocks & activity boxes.
EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE
Nursing Practice – Children’s Health
Galen College of Nursing
,NSG 3600: Children’s Health— Exam #1
Unit 1 & 2 Review/Study Guide
Mendellin
Includes: Book, PPT, Mini Lesson, Lecture Notes, Key points
Unit 1: Growth & Development & Immunizations and Infectious diseases
Growth & Development
Principals of Pediatric Nursing
• Family Centered Care
o Family is recognized as the constant in a child’s life
o Systems must support, respect, encourage, and enhance the strength and competence of the
family
o The needs of all family members must be addressed
Parent needs to be involved in care
Depending on age child needs to be involved in care
Organize day by talking to family before performing any procedure
• Concept of “enabling”
o Families are given opportunities to display caring abilities and make develop new ones
• Concept of “empowerment”
o Families are encouraged to maintain or acquire a sense of control and make positive changes
• Accomplished through the parent-professional partnership
• Therapeutic/ Atraumatic Care
o The goal of providing atraumatic care is “first, do no harm.” Three principles to help achieve this
goal are:
Prevent separation
Promote sense of control
Minimize bodily injury
• Advocacy
o Ensuring that families are informed: health services and care available, treatments and
procedures
o Ensuring that families are involved in their child’s care
o Ensuring that families are encouraged to support or change health care practices
Consent***
Informed consent
o Requirements for obtaining
o Eligibility for giving
Guardianship & Custody
Age of majority/ competence
o “Emancipated Minor”
o “Assent”
Treatment without parental consent
o Parens Patriae is the power of the state to act as guardian for those who are unable to care for
themselves, such as children or disabled individuals
Growth and Development
Continuously assess height and weight
• Sequential trends
, o Sequential trends are based on the concept that each child will normally pass through each stage
of growth and development in a predictable sequence
o These patterns, or trends, are universal and basic to all human beings, but each human being
accomplishes these in a manner and time unique to that individual
Newborn/Infant: Birth to 1 Year
Reflexes and neurological Rooting: head turns and begins to suck when the check/lower lip is
development: How to perform stroked stroke cheek/lip
this reflex? Sucking: sucking motion of lips, mouth, and tongue survival
reflex
Palmar & palmar grasping: palms of hands/ soles of feet are
stroked, causing fingers or toes to scrunch up
Moro: startle response with sudden jarring causes extensions of the
head. Arms abduct & move upward. Hands for a “c”
Babinski: turning of foot & fanning out toes with sole stroked
Physical development
Rapid growth
Double birth weight at
6m and triple at 1 year
Birth length increases
by 50% at 12 months.
Fine Motor Transfer objects between hands
Scribble
Stack large objects 6-12m
Pincer grasp 9-12m
Gross Motor Raise head and chest while on belly/ roll on side 3m
No head lag 6m
Turn over 7 m
Sits unsupported 8-9m
Crawl & pull up 8-10m
Cognitive Development
Piaget Theory Sensorimotor: (Birth to age 2)
primary means of cognition is through the senses
Language Development Crying, babbling, imitation influenced by social interaction
Social smile 2m (6-8 weeks)
Mama/dada 9-12m plus a few words
Psychosocial development: Trust vs Mistrust (newborn to 1 year)
Erikson Theory recognize that there are people that will meet their basic needs.
Result: Faith & Optimism
Nutrition Breast milk or Formula
Intro to solids 4-6 months
, Encourage self-feeding
Finger foods
Wean to cup 9-12m
Family mealtime
Change to whole milk: 12 m
Age-appropriate activities Solitary Play:
(hospitalization) Mobiles
Rattles
Squeak toys
Cloth picture books
Balls
Colored blocks
Activity boxes
Anticipatory Guidance: Teach parents what to expect with G&D
Sleep-wake patterns: have a nighttime routine
Nutrition
Safety: don’t leave them unattended
Common Injuries Head Injury
Fracture from falls
Burns
MVA: Improperly installed car seat
Choking
Suffocation by cord or string
Injury Prevention Child proofing house
Safety locks
Crib
Car seat
Warming bottles
No hot food or liquids
CLOSE SUPERVISION
No walkers
No long cords or removable toys
Test water temp <120F
Immunizations HEP B
RV
Dtap
Hib
PVC13
IPV
Influenza
!2m: MMR, Varicella, Hep A
Nursing Implications for the
Hospitalized patient: Mini During hospitalization, an infant’s emerging skills may disappear.
Lesson Baby may be inconsolable due to separation anxiety.
Parents must be part of infant’s care.
Respect schedule & implement similar.
Speak to & console infant. Direct preparation & teaching to
parents.
Toys for hospitalized infants: mobiles, rattles, squeak toys, cloth
picture books, balls, colored blocks & activity boxes.
