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CPDT-KA Questions and Answers (100%
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Operant Conditioning - Skinner Ans: learned by association -works with
VOLUNTARY behaviors - applying reinforcement or punishment AFTER the
behavior
Creator of this method considered a "reinforcer" something that made a
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behavior occur more frequently. If there was no change in the behavior,
it wasn't a reinforcement.
Formula:
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Discriminative Stimulus (your command)-Response-Consequence
Classical Conditioning - Pavlov Ans: Learned association between 2
events: 1 event is neutral and 1 event elicits an unconditioned response.
Works with INVOLUNTARY/automatic behaviors (like drooling) and
placing a neutral sign (like ringing a bell) BEFORE it.
Learning Ans: a change in behavior that lasts for a long time
Performance Ans: the doing of a behavior, doesn't mean that
something was learned
Discriminative Stimulus Ans: Your command
Temporary Criteria Ans: the beginning steps of an exercise towards
performing a command that is new to the dog
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Reward Based Training Ans: uses positive reinforcement (rewards) and
negative punishment (removing something the dog likes - i.e. your
attention)
Primary Reinforcer Ans: food, water, anything dog needs for survival.
Food activates parasympathetic nervous system, can calm dog, make
him less fearful, & result in training process being enjoyable
Secondary Reinforcer aka Conditioned Reinforcer Ans: Clicker, saying
"yes", . . . marks a behavior as rewardable and promises reward in near
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future. Rewards such as tennis balls, petting, clapping, tug- dog is
conditioned to like them. ALL OF THESE ARE LEARNED THROUGH
CLASSICAL CONDITIONING.
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Tertiary Reinforcer Ans: cues the dog knows and enjoys doing. the doing
is the reinforcer
One of the most important points about reinforcement Ans: Do not feed
or reinforce unwanted behaviors during training
Shaping Ans: rewards dog for successive approximations of the
behavior
Luring Ans: lead the dog into the behavior by tempting with a treat
Prompting Ans: Much like luring only the animal can't see the treat
Chaining Ans: method of teaching a complex sequence of behaviors.
each behavior signals the other behavior that eventually signals a
reward. Doing this from the last step to the first step is usually the most
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efficient way - with the last behavior trained first, followed by a reward.
Then teach the behavior that will preceed that one, etc, etc.
Free Shaping Ans: No instruction, cues or input is given, except for the
clicker.
Stimulus Control Ans: how a dog responds to cue
Under stimulus control Ans: when dog does not:
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1. refuse to give behavior when cued to do so
2.give the behavior if not cued to do so
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3.give the behavior for a different cue
4. give a different behavior on the cue
Superstitious Behavior Ans: some irrelevant behavior that the dog
performs along with the desired one thinking that it's required to earn the
reward. Usually the result of an accidental reinforcement
VSR Ans: Variable Schedules of Reinforcement - for fluency
Differential Reinforcement Ans: A type of VSR where we look for the best
examples of the behavior to reward & ignore other offers
Limited Hold Ans: (VSR) Reward is available only for a certain length of
time. It rewards the SPEED of response.