NS 3410 Prelim 1 Exam Questions With
Answers 100% Correct
Supine - ANSWER Lying with your front facing upward
Prone - ANSWER Lying with your front on the bed
Frontal plane (coronal plane) - ANSWER Separates the body into anterior and posterior.
Transverse plane (horizontal plane) - ANSWER Separates the body into superior and
inferior
Sagittal Plane - ANSWER Separated the body into left and right.
Axial Skeleton - ANSWER Head, neck, and trunk. Main Axis of the body.
Appendicular Skeleton - ANSWER Consists of the appendages. Arms, legs, and girdles.
Abdominopelvic Regions - ANSWER
Right Hypochondriac- Organs - ANSWER Right lobe of liver, gallbladder
,Epigastric- Organs - ANSWER Part of Liver
Left Hypochondriac- Organs - ANSWER Spleen
Right Inguinal/Iliac- Organs - ANSWER Cecum, appendix
Hypogastric - ANSWER Bladder
Dorsal Body Cavity - ANSWER Contains the cranial and vertebral cavities
Cranial cavity - ANSWER contains the brain
Vertebral cavity - ANSWER contains the spinal cord
Ventral Body Cavity - ANSWER Contains the thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities(TAP)
Thoracic cavity - ANSWER made of the left and right pleural cavities, superior
mediastinum, and pericadial cavity
Abdominal cavity - ANSWER contains the digestive viscera
Pelvic cavity - ANSWER contains the reproductive organs, bladder, and rectum.
,Nucleus - ANSWER Comprised of: nuclear envelope, nucleoli, chromatin, and distinct
compartments rich in specific proteins. Contains genes. Control center of the cell.
Dictates the kinds and amounts of proteins to be synthesized.
Anucleate vs multinucleate.
mRNA's - ANSWER Directed to certain locations before proteins are made. Made in the
nucleus. Save energy and prevent interactions as proteins trafficked. Have zip codes to
position themselves within the cell.
Nucleolus - ANSWER synthesize rRNA, assemble ribosomes.
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANSWER Synthesizes lipids and steroids, detoxifies
drugs, metabolizes carbs/steroids, regulates Ca concentration.
Sarcoplasmic reticulum - ANSWER Regulates Ca concentrations which is integral to
muscle contraction.
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANSWER Protein folding, identifies misfolded proteins
so they are degraded in cytoplasm (ERAD). Can regulate pace of folding via process
called UPR (unfolded protein response).
Ribosomes - ANSWER Synthesize proteins. Contains two subunits made of rRNA.
Separated into two categories: free-floating in cytoplasm and fixed on rough ER.
, Golgi Apparatus - ANSWER packaging proteins into vesicles
Exocytosis - ANSWER proteins destined for release outside of the cell
Secretory Vesicles - ANSWER proteins stored in the vesicle within the cell until given the
signal for their release.
Lysosomal Enzymes - ANSWER proteins targeted for lysosome; hydrolases, digestive
enzymes, membrane proteins.
Lysosome - ANSWER Cellular stomach. Spherical membrane bags containing powerful
digestive enzymes to clean up and recycle within the cell. Digest ingested bacteria,
viruses and toxins. Degrade nonfunctional organelles and macromolecules. Internal pH
of 5.
Peroxisomes - ANSWER smaller than lysosome. Detoxify harmful substances. Function in
fatty acid breakdown. Produce H2O2. Numerous in the liver and kidney for
detoxification.
Mitochondria - ANSWER Convert organic materials into ATP. Cellualr respiration.
Produces 95% of ATP needed to keep cell alive. Urea/ heme synthesis. Unique
mitochondrial DNA.
Answers 100% Correct
Supine - ANSWER Lying with your front facing upward
Prone - ANSWER Lying with your front on the bed
Frontal plane (coronal plane) - ANSWER Separates the body into anterior and posterior.
Transverse plane (horizontal plane) - ANSWER Separates the body into superior and
inferior
Sagittal Plane - ANSWER Separated the body into left and right.
Axial Skeleton - ANSWER Head, neck, and trunk. Main Axis of the body.
Appendicular Skeleton - ANSWER Consists of the appendages. Arms, legs, and girdles.
Abdominopelvic Regions - ANSWER
Right Hypochondriac- Organs - ANSWER Right lobe of liver, gallbladder
,Epigastric- Organs - ANSWER Part of Liver
Left Hypochondriac- Organs - ANSWER Spleen
Right Inguinal/Iliac- Organs - ANSWER Cecum, appendix
Hypogastric - ANSWER Bladder
Dorsal Body Cavity - ANSWER Contains the cranial and vertebral cavities
Cranial cavity - ANSWER contains the brain
Vertebral cavity - ANSWER contains the spinal cord
Ventral Body Cavity - ANSWER Contains the thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities(TAP)
Thoracic cavity - ANSWER made of the left and right pleural cavities, superior
mediastinum, and pericadial cavity
Abdominal cavity - ANSWER contains the digestive viscera
Pelvic cavity - ANSWER contains the reproductive organs, bladder, and rectum.
,Nucleus - ANSWER Comprised of: nuclear envelope, nucleoli, chromatin, and distinct
compartments rich in specific proteins. Contains genes. Control center of the cell.
Dictates the kinds and amounts of proteins to be synthesized.
Anucleate vs multinucleate.
mRNA's - ANSWER Directed to certain locations before proteins are made. Made in the
nucleus. Save energy and prevent interactions as proteins trafficked. Have zip codes to
position themselves within the cell.
Nucleolus - ANSWER synthesize rRNA, assemble ribosomes.
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANSWER Synthesizes lipids and steroids, detoxifies
drugs, metabolizes carbs/steroids, regulates Ca concentration.
Sarcoplasmic reticulum - ANSWER Regulates Ca concentrations which is integral to
muscle contraction.
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANSWER Protein folding, identifies misfolded proteins
so they are degraded in cytoplasm (ERAD). Can regulate pace of folding via process
called UPR (unfolded protein response).
Ribosomes - ANSWER Synthesize proteins. Contains two subunits made of rRNA.
Separated into two categories: free-floating in cytoplasm and fixed on rough ER.
, Golgi Apparatus - ANSWER packaging proteins into vesicles
Exocytosis - ANSWER proteins destined for release outside of the cell
Secretory Vesicles - ANSWER proteins stored in the vesicle within the cell until given the
signal for their release.
Lysosomal Enzymes - ANSWER proteins targeted for lysosome; hydrolases, digestive
enzymes, membrane proteins.
Lysosome - ANSWER Cellular stomach. Spherical membrane bags containing powerful
digestive enzymes to clean up and recycle within the cell. Digest ingested bacteria,
viruses and toxins. Degrade nonfunctional organelles and macromolecules. Internal pH
of 5.
Peroxisomes - ANSWER smaller than lysosome. Detoxify harmful substances. Function in
fatty acid breakdown. Produce H2O2. Numerous in the liver and kidney for
detoxification.
Mitochondria - ANSWER Convert organic materials into ATP. Cellualr respiration.
Produces 95% of ATP needed to keep cell alive. Urea/ heme synthesis. Unique
mitochondrial DNA.
