COSTCO ILE 3 EXAMINATION REVIEW 2026
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
◉ positive. Answer: non-polar function groups have a ___ logP
◉ non-polar. Answer: ring structures are ___ (polar or non-polar)
◉ do not. Answer: amides, phenols, ethers, alcohols, and ketones are
polar functional groups that do/do not ionize?
◉ do. Answer: amines, carboxylic acids, and amino acids are polar
functional groups that do/do not ionize?
◉ hydrophilic. Answer: negative logP scores are considered more
hydrophilic OR lipophilic?
◉ lipophilic. Answer: positive logP scores are considered more
hydrophilic OR lipophilic?
◉ hydrophilic. Answer: which type of molecules are more readily
disolved?
,◉ lipophilic. Answer: which type of molecules more readily pass
through membranes?
◉ bases. Answer: what ionizes at pH of 3 or less?
◉ acids and bases. Answer: what ionizes at a pH between 6 and 8?
◉ acids. Answer: what ionizes at a pH above 10?
◉ pH=pKa+log[base]/[acid]. Answer: Henderson-Hassleback
Equation
◉ A-/HA. Answer: acid [base]/[acid]
◉ B/HB+. Answer: base [base]/[acid]
◉ anions. Answer: acids ionize to ___
◉ cations. Answer: bases ionize to ___
◉ absorption. Answer: size, polarity, and structure are the three
factors affecting ___
,◉ passive. Answer: paracellular transport is a ___ transport that only
allows small, low MW, polar molecules to move across membranes
◉ 0, 3. Answer: optimal absorption for passive transmembrane
diffusion occurs when the logP is between ___ and ___
◉ dissolved. Answer: molecules with a logP above 3 are not ___
◉ absorbed. Answer: molecules with a logP below 0 are not ___
◉ low. Answer: acids absorb better at ___ pH
◉ high. Answer: bases absorb better at ___ pH
◉ two. Answer: How many transporters are required to get from the
lumen to the blood?
◉ less than 5. Answer: In Lapinski's Rule of 5...how many H bond
donors are allowed?
◉ less than 10. Answer: in Lapinski's Rule of 5, how many H bond
acceptors are allowed?
, ◉ less than 500. Answer: In Lapinski's Rule of 5, what MW is
allowed for passive transmembrane diffusion?
◉ -1, 5. Answer: in Lapinski's Rule of 5, what must the log P be
between?
◉ Passive Transmembrane Diffusion. Answer: Lapinski's Rule of 5 is
specifically for which type of Absorption?
◉ passive. Answer: most importers are SLC, which are ___
◉ active. Answer: most exporters are ABC, which are ___
◉ transporter. Answer: OATPs, OATs, OCTs, CNTs, ENTs, and PEPTs
are examples of ____ molecules
◉ specificity. Answer: property/kinetic that says drug structure and
stereochemistry must match transporter
◉ competition/inhibition. Answer: property/kinetic that says there
can be competition/inhibition leading to decreasedabsorption of
drugs
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
◉ positive. Answer: non-polar function groups have a ___ logP
◉ non-polar. Answer: ring structures are ___ (polar or non-polar)
◉ do not. Answer: amides, phenols, ethers, alcohols, and ketones are
polar functional groups that do/do not ionize?
◉ do. Answer: amines, carboxylic acids, and amino acids are polar
functional groups that do/do not ionize?
◉ hydrophilic. Answer: negative logP scores are considered more
hydrophilic OR lipophilic?
◉ lipophilic. Answer: positive logP scores are considered more
hydrophilic OR lipophilic?
◉ hydrophilic. Answer: which type of molecules are more readily
disolved?
,◉ lipophilic. Answer: which type of molecules more readily pass
through membranes?
◉ bases. Answer: what ionizes at pH of 3 or less?
◉ acids and bases. Answer: what ionizes at a pH between 6 and 8?
◉ acids. Answer: what ionizes at a pH above 10?
◉ pH=pKa+log[base]/[acid]. Answer: Henderson-Hassleback
Equation
◉ A-/HA. Answer: acid [base]/[acid]
◉ B/HB+. Answer: base [base]/[acid]
◉ anions. Answer: acids ionize to ___
◉ cations. Answer: bases ionize to ___
◉ absorption. Answer: size, polarity, and structure are the three
factors affecting ___
,◉ passive. Answer: paracellular transport is a ___ transport that only
allows small, low MW, polar molecules to move across membranes
◉ 0, 3. Answer: optimal absorption for passive transmembrane
diffusion occurs when the logP is between ___ and ___
◉ dissolved. Answer: molecules with a logP above 3 are not ___
◉ absorbed. Answer: molecules with a logP below 0 are not ___
◉ low. Answer: acids absorb better at ___ pH
◉ high. Answer: bases absorb better at ___ pH
◉ two. Answer: How many transporters are required to get from the
lumen to the blood?
◉ less than 5. Answer: In Lapinski's Rule of 5...how many H bond
donors are allowed?
◉ less than 10. Answer: in Lapinski's Rule of 5, how many H bond
acceptors are allowed?
, ◉ less than 500. Answer: In Lapinski's Rule of 5, what MW is
allowed for passive transmembrane diffusion?
◉ -1, 5. Answer: in Lapinski's Rule of 5, what must the log P be
between?
◉ Passive Transmembrane Diffusion. Answer: Lapinski's Rule of 5 is
specifically for which type of Absorption?
◉ passive. Answer: most importers are SLC, which are ___
◉ active. Answer: most exporters are ABC, which are ___
◉ transporter. Answer: OATPs, OATs, OCTs, CNTs, ENTs, and PEPTs
are examples of ____ molecules
◉ specificity. Answer: property/kinetic that says drug structure and
stereochemistry must match transporter
◉ competition/inhibition. Answer: property/kinetic that says there
can be competition/inhibition leading to decreasedabsorption of
drugs
