Great Napoleons era
1799 to 1814
• In 1800, a day of January that proved to be the game changing event in the history
of France and the constitution of 1799 was adopted. According to the 1799
constitution following points were made:
1. There was to be consulate system in the council of state that includes the
ministers and the three consuls.
2. First consul was to be the one with most effective powers. It can appoint
prefects and sub prefects, military officials, judges , ministers and is able
to amend the law, disapprove it and to accept it. The consuls were to be in
power for 10 years.
3. There will be a separate legislature that includes the senate that could
amend the law and amend the constitution containing 60 members.
There was to be a tribunate containing 100 members it could either
approve the law or reject it through discussion. Then there was to be a
legislative corps containing 300 members that acted as a dumb assembly
means it could not amend the law or discuss it nut just to vote on it.
4. Universal suffrage was common but 21 years old could vote.
• This resulted in the centralized form of government with napoleon as the first
consul having absolute powers in hands. The consulate regime of napoleon is
also known as the ceaserian regime.
Napoleons
Domestic Policies
• The economic policies, as France was a state in bankruptcy and in complete
failure so napoleon tried to consolidate the economy. He set up the bank of
France that has control to access the taxes and to see the currency that has
raised the amount of revenues collected within the country. He also sold the
colonial part of France the state of Louisiana for 80 million francs and 15 million
dollars. He carefully set up the system of tax assessment rather than imposing
more taxes he chose to hold the taxes already imposed and ensure its proper
collection. To improve trade, he built new roads and renovated ports. He also
established the stock exchange and also introduced new silver and gold coins.
As well as he forced everyone to pay income tax. He introduced cost cutting and
audit practice. Corrupt and inefficient officials were punished severely. Arrears
, were collected. A special fund called the Extraordinary Domain was set up to
take costs of the highly expensive wars from the defeated enemies. The
continental system was introduced in order to give tough time to the British
economy through signing the berlin decrees. However the British blockaded the
ports of the France and the smuggling of the British goods became common.
This also contributed to the inflation and unemployment.
• Secondly the much of important the legal reforms as we know that France was
divided on the social grounds as the French state was divided into two part with
respect to law and codes in the society. So he introduced the NAPOLEONIC
CODE that form the basis for the system of upon social grounds in France:
1. Women was not equal to man and the head of the
house was to be man and given the authoritative role
in the family even the child could not marry without
the consent of the father.
2. The property is not to be given under primogeniture
but is to be distributed among the heirs.
3. There were the settlement of penal courts.
4. Equality before freedom and justice for all was stated
and given consideration in the code.
• The educational reforms, the reforms included the settlement of several schools
within the state. There were to be schools in every commune and lycees were set
up in paris including the training schools for teachers and special linguistic
schools to teach latin and French. The military schools and special schools for
engineering and medical were setup. The imperial university was setup to see the
educational advancement within France. The institution was to issue license for
the educational institutions. No school or any educational institution could be
setup without the license. The education system was under the supervision of
prefects and subprefects. The departments of political science and modern
history was suppressed by a decree in 1803. The roman culture was promoted
and roman art and traditions were taught in the institutions. The training school
in paris was set up for the specialization for teachers. The whole system thereby
was centralized and concentrated into the hands of napoleon. Napoleon did not
promoted the education of women as he thought that women are inferior to that
of man and they may care about their households so there is no need of any
higher education for them.
• The religious reforms, napoleon signed the concordit with rome.. he signed an
agreement with the Pope that he will be allowed to select bishops and
archbishops from the list sent by the state. France is to be a secular state
however the constitutional church was dissolved and Catholicism was to be
taught in French educational institutions. The clergy members have to take the
1799 to 1814
• In 1800, a day of January that proved to be the game changing event in the history
of France and the constitution of 1799 was adopted. According to the 1799
constitution following points were made:
1. There was to be consulate system in the council of state that includes the
ministers and the three consuls.
2. First consul was to be the one with most effective powers. It can appoint
prefects and sub prefects, military officials, judges , ministers and is able
to amend the law, disapprove it and to accept it. The consuls were to be in
power for 10 years.
3. There will be a separate legislature that includes the senate that could
amend the law and amend the constitution containing 60 members.
There was to be a tribunate containing 100 members it could either
approve the law or reject it through discussion. Then there was to be a
legislative corps containing 300 members that acted as a dumb assembly
means it could not amend the law or discuss it nut just to vote on it.
4. Universal suffrage was common but 21 years old could vote.
• This resulted in the centralized form of government with napoleon as the first
consul having absolute powers in hands. The consulate regime of napoleon is
also known as the ceaserian regime.
Napoleons
Domestic Policies
• The economic policies, as France was a state in bankruptcy and in complete
failure so napoleon tried to consolidate the economy. He set up the bank of
France that has control to access the taxes and to see the currency that has
raised the amount of revenues collected within the country. He also sold the
colonial part of France the state of Louisiana for 80 million francs and 15 million
dollars. He carefully set up the system of tax assessment rather than imposing
more taxes he chose to hold the taxes already imposed and ensure its proper
collection. To improve trade, he built new roads and renovated ports. He also
established the stock exchange and also introduced new silver and gold coins.
As well as he forced everyone to pay income tax. He introduced cost cutting and
audit practice. Corrupt and inefficient officials were punished severely. Arrears
, were collected. A special fund called the Extraordinary Domain was set up to
take costs of the highly expensive wars from the defeated enemies. The
continental system was introduced in order to give tough time to the British
economy through signing the berlin decrees. However the British blockaded the
ports of the France and the smuggling of the British goods became common.
This also contributed to the inflation and unemployment.
• Secondly the much of important the legal reforms as we know that France was
divided on the social grounds as the French state was divided into two part with
respect to law and codes in the society. So he introduced the NAPOLEONIC
CODE that form the basis for the system of upon social grounds in France:
1. Women was not equal to man and the head of the
house was to be man and given the authoritative role
in the family even the child could not marry without
the consent of the father.
2. The property is not to be given under primogeniture
but is to be distributed among the heirs.
3. There were the settlement of penal courts.
4. Equality before freedom and justice for all was stated
and given consideration in the code.
• The educational reforms, the reforms included the settlement of several schools
within the state. There were to be schools in every commune and lycees were set
up in paris including the training schools for teachers and special linguistic
schools to teach latin and French. The military schools and special schools for
engineering and medical were setup. The imperial university was setup to see the
educational advancement within France. The institution was to issue license for
the educational institutions. No school or any educational institution could be
setup without the license. The education system was under the supervision of
prefects and subprefects. The departments of political science and modern
history was suppressed by a decree in 1803. The roman culture was promoted
and roman art and traditions were taught in the institutions. The training school
in paris was set up for the specialization for teachers. The whole system thereby
was centralized and concentrated into the hands of napoleon. Napoleon did not
promoted the education of women as he thought that women are inferior to that
of man and they may care about their households so there is no need of any
higher education for them.
• The religious reforms, napoleon signed the concordit with rome.. he signed an
agreement with the Pope that he will be allowed to select bishops and
archbishops from the list sent by the state. France is to be a secular state
however the constitutional church was dissolved and Catholicism was to be
taught in French educational institutions. The clergy members have to take the
