HURST REVIEW: ORTHOPEDICS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2025/2026

HURST REVIEW: ORTHOPEDICS EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
2025/2026




Fractures: Signs/Symptoms include - ANS -pain and tenderness
-unnatural movement
-deformity (possible)
-shortening of extremity- caused by muscle spasm
-crepitus
-swelling
-discoloration
-worry about compartment syndrome


What is the treatment for fractures? - ANS -immobilize the bone ends plus the adjacent joints
-support fracture above and below the site
-limit movement as much as possible
-splint helps prevent fat emboli and muscle spasms
-neurovascular


What do you assess for neuromuscular checks? - ANS pulse, color, movement, sensation, cap
refill and temperature


for an open fracture what should you do? - ANS cover with something sterile

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, Fractures Treatment: What is the most important thing? - ANS neurovascular checks


What are complications are fractures? - ANS -shock
-fat embolism
-compartment syndrome


Shock can occur depending on - ANS amount of trauma and type of injury


Shock can occur specifically with - ANS -pelvic fractures
-crushing fractures
-multiple long bone fractures


With what type of fractures do you see fat embolism? - ANS -long bones (femur)
-pelvic fractures
-crushing injuries


The same fracture that can cause fat embolism also cause - ANS shock


What are the Signs/Symptoms of fat emboli - ANS petechiae or rash over chest
conjunctival hemorrhages
snow storm or CXR- will be completely white bc fat emboli like to go to the lungs


Fractures Complications: Fat emboli can occur more in men because of their - ANS risky
behavior


Fractures Complications: Fat emboli usually occur within - ANS the first 36 hours after injury




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