NUR 355 Exam #1 - Modules 1 & 2
"Intro to Med Surg, HEENT, Integumentary and Sensory"
2026 NUR 355| NUR355 Exam #1 - Modules 1 & 2 "Intro to Med Surg, HEENT, Integumentary and Sensory
"Acute & Chronic Health Disruptions Arizona College
Intro to Med-Surg (Module 1)
General (assessment, priority, evaluation, education, non-pharm etc.)
1. Priority- management of acutely ill and adult patients. Support decision-making in
relation to making clinical judgments about care provided.
2. “ABCDE” system to evaluate moles:
a. A: Asymmetry-one side does not match the other
b. B: Borders-ragged, notched, irregular, or blurred edges
c. C: Color-lack of uniformity in pigmentation (shade of tan, brown, or black)
d. D: Diameter- width greater than 6mm, or size of pencil eraser or pea
, NUR 355 Exam #1 - Modules 1 & 2
"Intro to Med Surg, HEENT, Integumentary and Sensory"
e. E: Evolving- change in appearance (shape, size, color, height, texture) or
condition (bleeding, itching)
3. 5 stages of nursing competence: Novice, advanced beginner, competent, proficient,
expert.
Ethical Principles
1. American Nurses Association Scope and Standards of Practice.
a. The ANA first published the Standards of Nursing Practice in 1973.
2. Most common ethical principles (The Belmont report):
a. Beneficence concerns people acting positively on behalf of the perceived
well-being of others.
b. Autonomy involves the individual’s personal right to make decisions
concerning him- or herself. Nurses must provide support and advocacy for
the individual patient’s choices, regardless of whether they agree with them.
c. Justice requires fair and equal treatment for everyone regardless of race,
religion, or gender. At the level of community, questions of equitability are
taken into account in decision making, such as the greatest good for the
greatest number and the allocation of scarce resources during times of
disasters or emergency.
d. Fidelity expects the nurse to be accountable for commitments made to
others, to the self, and to the profession, based on the virtue of caring.
e. Nonmaleficence examines issues related to who may be harmed by actions
and how any harm can be minimized or averted. This also relates to nurses’
, NUR 355 Exam #1 - Modules 1 & 2
"Intro to Med Surg, HEENT, Integumentary and Sensory"
need to remain competent in their practice and exercise moral courage in
reporting suspected/observed incidents of malpractice, abuse, or diversion.
f. Veracity is the requirement to tell the truth and to refrain from intentionally
misleading or deceiving a patient to influence decisions (related to
paternalism, described in item 8). Veracity or truth-telling is also part of
nonmaleficence, described in item 5.
g. Confidentiality requires that information is not shared beyond those who
have a need to know. Nurses must remain vigilant regarding their use of
social media, as outlined in later this chapter.
h. Paternalism is the inappropriate intention to protect individuals from their
own involuntary actions or choices in the name of beneficence, which
violates their right to self-determination (autonomy). Paternalism is often
seen in the care of older adults and in male-dominant cultures.
Geriatric implications
1. Old age is defined by three stages:
a. The age range of 65 to 75 is considered “young-old,”
b. the range of 75 to 85 is “old,” and from
c. 85 upward is termed the “old-old” or “oldest old.”
2. Greater risk for illnesses! Decline in adaptation.
a. Senescence (normal age-related changes in organ systems.
b. Sclerosis (hardening tissue due fibrous tissue overgrowth)
c. Stenosis (narrowing/constricting passage or orifice)
d. Atrophy (wasting away/decrease in size of organ)
"Intro to Med Surg, HEENT, Integumentary and Sensory"
2026 NUR 355| NUR355 Exam #1 - Modules 1 & 2 "Intro to Med Surg, HEENT, Integumentary and Sensory
"Acute & Chronic Health Disruptions Arizona College
Intro to Med-Surg (Module 1)
General (assessment, priority, evaluation, education, non-pharm etc.)
1. Priority- management of acutely ill and adult patients. Support decision-making in
relation to making clinical judgments about care provided.
2. “ABCDE” system to evaluate moles:
a. A: Asymmetry-one side does not match the other
b. B: Borders-ragged, notched, irregular, or blurred edges
c. C: Color-lack of uniformity in pigmentation (shade of tan, brown, or black)
d. D: Diameter- width greater than 6mm, or size of pencil eraser or pea
, NUR 355 Exam #1 - Modules 1 & 2
"Intro to Med Surg, HEENT, Integumentary and Sensory"
e. E: Evolving- change in appearance (shape, size, color, height, texture) or
condition (bleeding, itching)
3. 5 stages of nursing competence: Novice, advanced beginner, competent, proficient,
expert.
Ethical Principles
1. American Nurses Association Scope and Standards of Practice.
a. The ANA first published the Standards of Nursing Practice in 1973.
2. Most common ethical principles (The Belmont report):
a. Beneficence concerns people acting positively on behalf of the perceived
well-being of others.
b. Autonomy involves the individual’s personal right to make decisions
concerning him- or herself. Nurses must provide support and advocacy for
the individual patient’s choices, regardless of whether they agree with them.
c. Justice requires fair and equal treatment for everyone regardless of race,
religion, or gender. At the level of community, questions of equitability are
taken into account in decision making, such as the greatest good for the
greatest number and the allocation of scarce resources during times of
disasters or emergency.
d. Fidelity expects the nurse to be accountable for commitments made to
others, to the self, and to the profession, based on the virtue of caring.
e. Nonmaleficence examines issues related to who may be harmed by actions
and how any harm can be minimized or averted. This also relates to nurses’
, NUR 355 Exam #1 - Modules 1 & 2
"Intro to Med Surg, HEENT, Integumentary and Sensory"
need to remain competent in their practice and exercise moral courage in
reporting suspected/observed incidents of malpractice, abuse, or diversion.
f. Veracity is the requirement to tell the truth and to refrain from intentionally
misleading or deceiving a patient to influence decisions (related to
paternalism, described in item 8). Veracity or truth-telling is also part of
nonmaleficence, described in item 5.
g. Confidentiality requires that information is not shared beyond those who
have a need to know. Nurses must remain vigilant regarding their use of
social media, as outlined in later this chapter.
h. Paternalism is the inappropriate intention to protect individuals from their
own involuntary actions or choices in the name of beneficence, which
violates their right to self-determination (autonomy). Paternalism is often
seen in the care of older adults and in male-dominant cultures.
Geriatric implications
1. Old age is defined by three stages:
a. The age range of 65 to 75 is considered “young-old,”
b. the range of 75 to 85 is “old,” and from
c. 85 upward is termed the “old-old” or “oldest old.”
2. Greater risk for illnesses! Decline in adaptation.
a. Senescence (normal age-related changes in organ systems.
b. Sclerosis (hardening tissue due fibrous tissue overgrowth)
c. Stenosis (narrowing/constricting passage or orifice)
d. Atrophy (wasting away/decrease in size of organ)
