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◉ "Wall, wall! Reed wall, reed wall! Atram-Hasis, pay heed to my
advice, that you may live forever! Destroy your house, build a boat;
despise possessions And save life! Draw out the boat that you will
build with a circular design; Let its length and breadth be the same."
Answer: New Atrahasis Fragment, Ea is speaking to Atrahasis
through his reed wall house. He is telling him how to build a round
boat and survive during the flood.
◉ The boat that you are to build
Shall have her dimensions in proportion,
Her width and length shall be in harmony . . . Answer: Epic of
Gilgamesh, Tablet 11. This is Ea talking to Utnapishtim about how to
build a circular boat.
◉ "Until now Utnapishtim was mortal,
But henceforth Utnapishtim and his woman shall be as we gods are.
Utnapishtim shall dwell far off at the mouth of the rivers." Answer:
Ellil is speaking in the Epic of Gilgamesh about how Utnapishtim was
granted immortality after the flood killed of most of humanity. Ellil
was angry that humans survived but he eventually did give them
,immortality and told them to live past Mashu which is a underworld
type place.
◉ [14] Make yourself an ark of gopher wood [= cypress?];
make rooms in the ark, and cover it inside and out with pitch.
[15] This is how you are to make it: the length of the ark three
hundred cubits, its breadth fifty cubits, and its height thirty cubits.
[16] Make a roof for the ark, and finish it to a cubit above; and set
the door of the ark in its side; make it with lower, second, and third
decks. Answer: Genesis 6.14-16. Yahweh is talking to Noah and the
boat is much larger and non-circular which is different than all other
flood myths.
◉ Genesis 7.11
In the six hundredth year of Noah's life, in the second month, on the
seventeenth day of the month, on that day
(poetic insert)
all the fountains of the great deep burst forth,
and the windows of the heavens were opened.
[7.12] And rain fell upon the earth forty days and forty nights.
[7.17] The flood continued forty days upon the earth. [7.24] And the
waters prevailed upon the earth a hundred and fifty days
Genesis 8.2-3
,[2] the fountains of the deep and the windows of the heavens were
closed, the rain from the heavens was restrained,
[3] and the waters receded from the earth continually. At the end of
a hundred and fifty days the waters had abated. Answer: Genesis
7.11. This the author starting the flood with a poem with indirect
lofty language to position itself as better and more suspenseful than
Epic of Gilgamesh account. The author mashes up two accounts of
the flood and adds them as one composition. With the first poem
talking about sea and rain he has two accounts of the flood, one
involving the sea and one involving the rain.
◉ Yin and Yang commingled three times: what was their original
form and how were they transformed? Answer: Story of Yin and
Yang comes from "Questions of Heaven" which is part of Songs of
Ch'u. They started as primordial waters that both came from Hun
Tun and they commingle to become part of the universe, much like
how Tiamat and Apsu created parts of the world in the Enuma Elish.
◉ "Thus all the gods were formed and his [i.e, Ptah's] Ennead was
completed. Indeed all the divine
order really came into being through what the
heart thought and the tongue commanded." Answer: Memphite
Creation Myth. This is the Memphis Creation Myth because it builds
on the Heliopolis Creation myth because it says Ptah creates the
Ennead before the Ennead starts creating the world. Also the first
mound that comes from the primordial waters is in Memphis in this
story. Ptah creates things through speech rather than through bodily
, fluids like Atum. (much like how Yahweh creates the world in
Genesis)
◉ "O dead people, why do you keep appearing to me,
People whose cities are ruin heaps,
Who themselves are just bones?
I don't go to Cutha [= cult city of Nergal], where ghosts congregate,
Why do you keep coming after me?
Be conjured by Abatu [= unknown] the queen and Ereshkigal,
By Ningeshtinanna, scribe of the gods,
Whose stylus is lapis and carnelian!" Answer: Incantation (ca. 1000-
100 BCE). This incantation keeps spirits that are limbo away from
people that are still living. Dead people that do not have the proper
burial do not go to underworld and become spirits that haunt the
living people on earth.
◉ Atrahasis myth Answer: 3 tablet flood myth poem; title means
Gods at work
◉ Atrahasis Answer: name means extra wise; flood hero, king of
Mesopotamin city Shuruppak; prays to Ea to save his people from
plague and has Ea as his personal god that guides him through each
plague including the flood where he builds a round boat for his
family, survives the flood, and restores the gods faith in humanity
through his sacrifice