Test Bank For
Immunology And Serology In Laboratory Medicine, 7th Edition By Mary Louise Turgeon
Chapter 1-27
Chapter 01: Highlights Of The Innate And Adaptive Immune Systems
Multiple Choice
1. The ―Father Of Immunology Is Generally Considered To Be
a. Koch.
b. Pasteur.
c. Gram.
d. Salk.
Ans: B
Louis Pasteur Is Generally Considered To Be The ―Father Of Immunology.
Dif: Cognitive Level: I
2. An Early Form Of Immunization Was Practiced By The
a. Romans.
b. Greeks.
c. Chinese.
d. Native Americans.
Ans: C
Beginning About 1000 Ad, The Chinese Practiced A Form Of Immunization By Inhaling
Dried Powders Derived From The Crusts Of Smallpox Lesions.
Dif: Cognitive Level: I
3. A Specific Function Of The Immune System Is To
a. Recognize Self From Nonself.
b. Defend The Body Against Nonself.
c. Amplify Specific Functions.
d. Both A And B.
Ans: D
The Function Of The Immune System Is To Recognize Self From Nonself And Defend The
Body Against Nonself. Such A System Is Necessary For Survival. The Immune System Also
Has Nonspecific Effector Mechanisms That Usually Amplify The Specific Functions.
Nonspecific Components Of The Immune System Include Mononuclear Phagocytes,
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes, And Soluble Factors (E.G., Complement).
Dif: Cognitive Level: I
4. An Undesirable Consequence Of Immunity Is
a. Natural Resistance.
b. Acquired Resistance To Infectious Diseases.
, c. An Autoimmune Disorder.
d. Recovery From Infectious Disease.
Ans: C
The Desirable Consequences Of Immunity Include Natural Resistance, Recovery, And
Acquired Resistance To Infectious Diseases. A Deficiency Or Dysfunction Of The Immune
System Can Cause Many Disorders. Undesirable Consequences Of Immunity Include Allergy,
Rejection Of A Transplanted Organ, Or An Autoimmune Disorder.
Dif: Cognitive Level: I
5. The Immune System Has Various Distinctive Characteristics Except;
a. Specificity.
b. Memory.
c. Mobility.
d. Noncooperation Among Different Cells.
Ans: D
The Immune System Is Composed Of A Large, Complex Set Of Widely Distributed Elements,
With The Distinctive Characteristics Of Specificity, Memory, Mobility, Replicability, And
Cooperation Among Different Cells Or Cellular Products. Specificity And Memory Are
Characteristics Of Lymphocytes In The Immune System. Nonspecific Elements Of The
Immune System Demonstrate Mobility. In Addition, Specific And Nonspecific Cellular
Components Of The Immune System Can Replicate. Cooperation Is Required For Optimal
Functioning, And Interaction Involves Specific Cellular Elements, Cell Products, And
Nonlymphoid Elements.
Dif: Cognitive Level: I
6. Hematopoiesis Occurs In The Yolk Sac During The
a. Immediate Hours After Conception
b. Second Month Of Gestation.
c. Second Trimester Of Gestation.
d. Periods Of Severe Anemia In Children.
Ans: A
The Sites Of Blood Cell Development, Or Hematopoiesis, Follow A Definite Sequence In The
Embryo And Fetus. Hematopoiesis Occurs In The Yolk Sac During The Second Month Of
Gestation.
Dif: Cognitive Level: II
7. The Sequence Of Blood Cell Development In The Embryo And Fetus Is
a. Yolk Sac, Liver-Spleen, Bone Marrow.
b. Yolk Sac, Bone Marrow, Liver/Spleen.
c. Liver-Spleen, Yolk Sac, Bone Marrow.
d. Bone Marrow, Liver-Spleen, Yolk Sac.
Ans: A
, The First Blood Cells Are Primitive Red Blood Cells (Erythroblasts; RBCs) Formed In The
Islets Of The Yolk Sac During The First 2 To 8 Weeks Of Life. Gradually, The Liver And
Spleen Replace The Yolk Sac As The Sites Of Blood Cell Development. By The Second
Month Of Gestation, The Liver Becomes The Major Site Of Hematopoiesis, And Granular
Types Of Leukocytes Have Made Their Initial Appearance. The Liver And Spleen
Predominate From About 2 To 5 Months Of Fetal Life. In The Fourth Month Of Gestation,
Bone Marrow Begins To Produce Blood Cells. After The Fifth Fetal Month, Bone Marrow
Begins To Assume Its Ultimate Role As The Primary Site Of Hematopoiesis.
Dif: Cognitive Level: II
8. The Primary Function Of Mature Neutrophils Is
a. To Reduce Inflammation.
b. To Lyse Parasites In The Circulatory System.
c. Antigen Recognition.
d. Phagocytosis.
Ans: D
Various Phagocytic Cells Continually Circulate Throughout The Blood, Lymph,
Gastrointestinal System, And Respiratory Tract. When Trauma Occurs, The Neutrophils
Arrive At The Site Of Injury And Can Be Found In The Initial Exudate In Less Than 1 Hour.
Monocytes Are Slower In Moving To The Inflammatory Site. Macrophages Resident In The
Tissues Of The Body Are Already In Place To Deal With An Intruding Agent. Additional
Macrophages From The Bone Marrow And Other Tissues Can Be Released In Severe
Infections.
Dif: Cognitive Level: Ii
9. Primary Granules, Or Azurophilic Granules, In Neutrophils Contain
a. Lysozyme.
b. Myeloperoxidase.
c. Lactoferrin.
d. Both A And B.
Ans: D
Granules In The Phagocyte Cytosol Contain Degradatory Enzymes Of Three Types
1. Primary, Or Azurophilic, Granules Containing Enzymes (E.G.,
Lysozyme, Myeloperoxidase)
2. Secondary, Or Specific, Granules Containing Substances Such As Lactoferrin.
3. Tertiary Granules Containing Substances Such As Caspases
Dif: Cognitive Level: I
10. The Origin Of A Condition When Eosinophils Are Increased In The Circulating Blood Is
Associated With:
a. Fungus
b. Parasitic Amoeba
c. Allergic Reactions
d. Bacteria
Ans: C
, An Increase In Eosinophils Is Associated With A Wide Variety Of Conditions, But
Especially With Allergic Reactions, Drug Reactions, Certain Skin Disorders, Parasitic
Infestations, Collagen Vascular Diseases, Hodgkin Disease, And Myeloproliferative
Diseases.
A Functional Property Related To The Membrane Receptors Of The Eosinophil Is The Cell’s
Ability To Interact With The Larval Stages Of Some Helminth Parasites And Damage Them
By Oxidative Mechanisms. Certain Proteins Released From Eosinophilic Granules Damage
Antibody-Coated Schistosoma Parasites And May Account For Damage To Endothelial
Cells In Hypereosinophilic Syndromes.
Dif: Cognitive Level: I
11. A Basophil Degranulates In A(N)
a. Inflammatory Reaction.
b. Immediate (Acute) Hypersensitivity Reaction.
c. Chronic Tissue Rejection.
d. Both A And B.
Ans: B
Basophils Have High Concentrations Of Heparin And Histamine In Their Granules. If Events
Are Triggered By Antigens From Pollen, Food, Drugs, Or Insect Venom, The Result Is An
Immediate Hypersensitivity Reaction.
Dif: Cognitive Level: II
12. Mononuclear Cells Are Effective Phagocytic Cells Against
a. Staphylococci.
b. Streptococci.
c. Mycobacterium Tuberculosis.
d. Pneumonia.
Ans: C
Mononuclear Cells Are Particularly Effective As Phagocytic Cells Because Of The Large
Amounts Of Lipase In Their Cytoplasm. Lipase Is Able To Attack Bacteria With A Lipid
Capsule, Such As Mycobacterium Tuberculosis.
Dif: Cognitive Level: I
13. Macrophages
a. Process Antigens.
b. Physically Present Biologically Modified Antigens To Lymphocytes.
c. Secrete A Lymphocyte-Activating Factor (Il-1) As A Result Of Proper
MHC Recognition.
d. All Of The Above.
Ans: D
The Phagocytic Property Of The Macrophage Is Particularly Important In The Processing Of
Antigens As Part Of The Immune Response. Macrophages Are Believed To Process Antigens
And Physically Present This Biochemically Modified And More Reactive Form Of Antigen
To Lymphocytes (Particularly T Helper Cells) As An Initial Step In The Immune Response.
Dif: Cognitive Level: II
Immunology And Serology In Laboratory Medicine, 7th Edition By Mary Louise Turgeon
Chapter 1-27
Chapter 01: Highlights Of The Innate And Adaptive Immune Systems
Multiple Choice
1. The ―Father Of Immunology Is Generally Considered To Be
a. Koch.
b. Pasteur.
c. Gram.
d. Salk.
Ans: B
Louis Pasteur Is Generally Considered To Be The ―Father Of Immunology.
Dif: Cognitive Level: I
2. An Early Form Of Immunization Was Practiced By The
a. Romans.
b. Greeks.
c. Chinese.
d. Native Americans.
Ans: C
Beginning About 1000 Ad, The Chinese Practiced A Form Of Immunization By Inhaling
Dried Powders Derived From The Crusts Of Smallpox Lesions.
Dif: Cognitive Level: I
3. A Specific Function Of The Immune System Is To
a. Recognize Self From Nonself.
b. Defend The Body Against Nonself.
c. Amplify Specific Functions.
d. Both A And B.
Ans: D
The Function Of The Immune System Is To Recognize Self From Nonself And Defend The
Body Against Nonself. Such A System Is Necessary For Survival. The Immune System Also
Has Nonspecific Effector Mechanisms That Usually Amplify The Specific Functions.
Nonspecific Components Of The Immune System Include Mononuclear Phagocytes,
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes, And Soluble Factors (E.G., Complement).
Dif: Cognitive Level: I
4. An Undesirable Consequence Of Immunity Is
a. Natural Resistance.
b. Acquired Resistance To Infectious Diseases.
, c. An Autoimmune Disorder.
d. Recovery From Infectious Disease.
Ans: C
The Desirable Consequences Of Immunity Include Natural Resistance, Recovery, And
Acquired Resistance To Infectious Diseases. A Deficiency Or Dysfunction Of The Immune
System Can Cause Many Disorders. Undesirable Consequences Of Immunity Include Allergy,
Rejection Of A Transplanted Organ, Or An Autoimmune Disorder.
Dif: Cognitive Level: I
5. The Immune System Has Various Distinctive Characteristics Except;
a. Specificity.
b. Memory.
c. Mobility.
d. Noncooperation Among Different Cells.
Ans: D
The Immune System Is Composed Of A Large, Complex Set Of Widely Distributed Elements,
With The Distinctive Characteristics Of Specificity, Memory, Mobility, Replicability, And
Cooperation Among Different Cells Or Cellular Products. Specificity And Memory Are
Characteristics Of Lymphocytes In The Immune System. Nonspecific Elements Of The
Immune System Demonstrate Mobility. In Addition, Specific And Nonspecific Cellular
Components Of The Immune System Can Replicate. Cooperation Is Required For Optimal
Functioning, And Interaction Involves Specific Cellular Elements, Cell Products, And
Nonlymphoid Elements.
Dif: Cognitive Level: I
6. Hematopoiesis Occurs In The Yolk Sac During The
a. Immediate Hours After Conception
b. Second Month Of Gestation.
c. Second Trimester Of Gestation.
d. Periods Of Severe Anemia In Children.
Ans: A
The Sites Of Blood Cell Development, Or Hematopoiesis, Follow A Definite Sequence In The
Embryo And Fetus. Hematopoiesis Occurs In The Yolk Sac During The Second Month Of
Gestation.
Dif: Cognitive Level: II
7. The Sequence Of Blood Cell Development In The Embryo And Fetus Is
a. Yolk Sac, Liver-Spleen, Bone Marrow.
b. Yolk Sac, Bone Marrow, Liver/Spleen.
c. Liver-Spleen, Yolk Sac, Bone Marrow.
d. Bone Marrow, Liver-Spleen, Yolk Sac.
Ans: A
, The First Blood Cells Are Primitive Red Blood Cells (Erythroblasts; RBCs) Formed In The
Islets Of The Yolk Sac During The First 2 To 8 Weeks Of Life. Gradually, The Liver And
Spleen Replace The Yolk Sac As The Sites Of Blood Cell Development. By The Second
Month Of Gestation, The Liver Becomes The Major Site Of Hematopoiesis, And Granular
Types Of Leukocytes Have Made Their Initial Appearance. The Liver And Spleen
Predominate From About 2 To 5 Months Of Fetal Life. In The Fourth Month Of Gestation,
Bone Marrow Begins To Produce Blood Cells. After The Fifth Fetal Month, Bone Marrow
Begins To Assume Its Ultimate Role As The Primary Site Of Hematopoiesis.
Dif: Cognitive Level: II
8. The Primary Function Of Mature Neutrophils Is
a. To Reduce Inflammation.
b. To Lyse Parasites In The Circulatory System.
c. Antigen Recognition.
d. Phagocytosis.
Ans: D
Various Phagocytic Cells Continually Circulate Throughout The Blood, Lymph,
Gastrointestinal System, And Respiratory Tract. When Trauma Occurs, The Neutrophils
Arrive At The Site Of Injury And Can Be Found In The Initial Exudate In Less Than 1 Hour.
Monocytes Are Slower In Moving To The Inflammatory Site. Macrophages Resident In The
Tissues Of The Body Are Already In Place To Deal With An Intruding Agent. Additional
Macrophages From The Bone Marrow And Other Tissues Can Be Released In Severe
Infections.
Dif: Cognitive Level: Ii
9. Primary Granules, Or Azurophilic Granules, In Neutrophils Contain
a. Lysozyme.
b. Myeloperoxidase.
c. Lactoferrin.
d. Both A And B.
Ans: D
Granules In The Phagocyte Cytosol Contain Degradatory Enzymes Of Three Types
1. Primary, Or Azurophilic, Granules Containing Enzymes (E.G.,
Lysozyme, Myeloperoxidase)
2. Secondary, Or Specific, Granules Containing Substances Such As Lactoferrin.
3. Tertiary Granules Containing Substances Such As Caspases
Dif: Cognitive Level: I
10. The Origin Of A Condition When Eosinophils Are Increased In The Circulating Blood Is
Associated With:
a. Fungus
b. Parasitic Amoeba
c. Allergic Reactions
d. Bacteria
Ans: C
, An Increase In Eosinophils Is Associated With A Wide Variety Of Conditions, But
Especially With Allergic Reactions, Drug Reactions, Certain Skin Disorders, Parasitic
Infestations, Collagen Vascular Diseases, Hodgkin Disease, And Myeloproliferative
Diseases.
A Functional Property Related To The Membrane Receptors Of The Eosinophil Is The Cell’s
Ability To Interact With The Larval Stages Of Some Helminth Parasites And Damage Them
By Oxidative Mechanisms. Certain Proteins Released From Eosinophilic Granules Damage
Antibody-Coated Schistosoma Parasites And May Account For Damage To Endothelial
Cells In Hypereosinophilic Syndromes.
Dif: Cognitive Level: I
11. A Basophil Degranulates In A(N)
a. Inflammatory Reaction.
b. Immediate (Acute) Hypersensitivity Reaction.
c. Chronic Tissue Rejection.
d. Both A And B.
Ans: B
Basophils Have High Concentrations Of Heparin And Histamine In Their Granules. If Events
Are Triggered By Antigens From Pollen, Food, Drugs, Or Insect Venom, The Result Is An
Immediate Hypersensitivity Reaction.
Dif: Cognitive Level: II
12. Mononuclear Cells Are Effective Phagocytic Cells Against
a. Staphylococci.
b. Streptococci.
c. Mycobacterium Tuberculosis.
d. Pneumonia.
Ans: C
Mononuclear Cells Are Particularly Effective As Phagocytic Cells Because Of The Large
Amounts Of Lipase In Their Cytoplasm. Lipase Is Able To Attack Bacteria With A Lipid
Capsule, Such As Mycobacterium Tuberculosis.
Dif: Cognitive Level: I
13. Macrophages
a. Process Antigens.
b. Physically Present Biologically Modified Antigens To Lymphocytes.
c. Secrete A Lymphocyte-Activating Factor (Il-1) As A Result Of Proper
MHC Recognition.
d. All Of The Above.
Ans: D
The Phagocytic Property Of The Macrophage Is Particularly Important In The Processing Of
Antigens As Part Of The Immune Response. Macrophages Are Believed To Process Antigens
And Physically Present This Biochemically Modified And More Reactive Form Of Antigen
To Lymphocytes (Particularly T Helper Cells) As An Initial Step In The Immune Response.
Dif: Cognitive Level: II
