TEST BANK - MCQs in Pediatrics Review of Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics 20th Edition, By Zuhair Almusawi. Complete Newest Version!!!

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TEST BANK - MCQs in Pediatrics Review of Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics

20th Edition, By Zuhair Almusawi. Complete Newest Version




Mrpronurse stuvia
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, MCQs in Pediatrics Review of Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics 20 Edition
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1. Which of the following statements regarding foster care is true?
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□A permanency plan must be made for a child in foster care no later than 12 mo from the child's entry into
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care
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□A minority of children in foster care have a history of abuse or neglect
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☑The mission of foster care is to safely care for children while providing services to families to promote
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reunification
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□Most (>70%) of children in foster care are reunited with their families
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■ A and C xx xx




description The mission of foster care is to provide for the health, safety, and well-being of children
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while assisting their families with services to promote reunification. Children entering foster care have
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frequently experienced early childhood trauma. More than 70% have a history of abuse, neglect, or
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both. Only about 50% of children achieve reunification. In the USA, the Adoption and Safe Families
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Act (P.L. 105-89) passed in 1997 requires that a permanency plan be made for each child no later
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than 12 mo after entry to foster care and that a petition to terminate parental rights typically must
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be filed when a child has been in foster care for at least 15 of the previous 22 mo. (See Chapter
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35, page 134, and e35-1.)
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2. A 4 yr old girl is admitted to the hospital for her third evaluation for vaginal bleeding. The
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mother noted bright red blood on the child's underwear. Previous examinations
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revealed a normal 4 yr old girl, Tanner stage 1, with normal external genitalia. Pelvic
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ultrasound results were normal, as was the serum estradiol level. The hemoglobin and
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platelet counts were normal, as were the bleeding time and coagulation studies.
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Findings on pelvic examination conducted under anesthesia also were normal. The
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next step in the examination is to:
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 Determine the blood type of the blood on the underwear
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□Interrogate the father xx xx




□Isolate the parents and child
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□Determine von Willebrand factor levels xx xx xx xx

, □Measure fibronectin in the vagina xx xx xx xx




description Consideration of factitious disorder by proxy should be triggered when the reported
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symptoms are repeatedly noted by only one parent, appropriate testing fails to confirm a diagnosis, and
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seemingly appropriate treatment is ineffective. At times, the child's symptoms, their course, or the
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response to treatment may be incompatible with any recognized disease.
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usually involved. Bleeding is a particularly common presentation. This may be caused by adding dyes to
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samples, adding blood (e.g., from the mother) to the child's sample, or giving the child an anticoagulant
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(e.g., warfarin). (See Chapter 37, page 146.)
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3. Munchausen syndrome by proxy is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT:
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□Mother who appears devoted and wins over members of care team
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□Multiple x x hospitalizations x x and x x investigations x x without x x diagnosis


□Symptoms on history but not witnessed by medical team
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■ Symptoms occurring in presence of different caregivers (e.g., while mother is out of town)
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□Use of medications or toxins
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description Symptoms in young children are mostly associated with proximity of the offending
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caregiver to the child. The mother may present as a devoted or even model parent who forms close
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relationships with members of the health care team. While appearing very interested in her child's
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condition, she may be relatively distant emotionally. (See Chapter 37, page 146.)
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4. Which statement is false?xx xx xx




■ Malnutrition is the second leading cause of acquired immune deficiency worldwide behind HIV infection
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□Zinc is important in immune function and linear growth
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□Kwashiorkor and marasmus are rare in developed countries xx xx xx xx xx xx xx




□The Western diet is associated with increased noncommunicable disease
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description The significant global burden of malnutrition and undernutrition is the leading worldwide
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cause of acquired immunodeficiency and the major underlying factor for morbidity and mortality globally
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for children <5 yr of age. Zinc is a micronutrient that supports multiple metabolic functions in the body,
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is essential for normal immune functioning, and is required to support linear growth; zinc deficiency is
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associated with impaired immune functioning and poor linear growth. In parallel to the risk for nutrient
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and energy deficiencies, issues relating to excesses pose important challenges because of their negative
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health effects, such as obesity or cardiovascular disease risk factors. The nutrition transition under way
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in the
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, developing world from traditional diets to the Western diet has been associated with increases in
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noncommunicable diseases, often coexisting with undernutrition and malnutrition, observed sometimes
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in the same communities or even the same families. (See e41-1.)
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5. Components of energy expenditure in children include: xx xx xx xx xx xx




□Thermal effect of food xx xx xx




□Basal x x metabolic x x rate


□Energy for physical activity
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□Energy to support growth xx xx xx




■ All of the above
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description The 3 components of energy expenditure in adults are the basal metabolic rate, the
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thermal effect of food (energy required for digestion and absorption), and energy for physical
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activity. Additional energy intake and expenditure are required to support growth and development
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for children. (See e41- 4.)
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6. Which of the following clinical scenarios increases the risk of vitamin A deficiency?
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□Vegetarian x x diet

□Chronic x x intestinal x x disorders


□Zinc deficiency xx




■ B and C xx xx




□All of the above
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description Vitamin A is an essential micronutrient because it cannot be biogenerated de novo
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by animals. It must be obtained from plants in the form of provitamin-A carotenoids. In the USA,
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grains and vegetables supply approximately 55% and dairy and meat products supply
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approximately 30% of vitamin A intake from food. Vitamin A and the provitamins-A are fat soluble,
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and their absorption depends on the presence of adequate lipid and protein within the meal.
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x xChronic intestinal disorders or lipid malabsorption syndromes can result in vitamin A deficiency. In
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developing countries, subclinical or clinical zinc deficiency can increase the risk of vitamin A
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deficiency. There is also some evidence of marginal zinc intakes in children in the USA. (See
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Chapter 45, page 188.)
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7. Which statement about vitamin A toxicity is NOT true?
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