Nusc 1165 Final Exam With
Complete Solution
leading causes of death attributed to nutrition - ANSWER heart disease, cancer,
stroke
energy yielding nutrients - ANSWER broken down to generate energy
- carbs, lipids, proteins
macronutrients - ANSWER needed in large amounts
- carbs, lipid, proteins, water
micronutrients - ANSWER needed in small amounts
- vitamins, minerals
inorganic - ANSWER does not contain carbon
organic - ANSWER contains carbon
amount of energy provided by carbs - ANSWER 4 kcals
amount of energy provided by lipids - ANSWER 9 kcal
amount of energy provided by protein - ANSWER 4 kcal
amount of energy provided by alcohol - ANSWER 7 kcal
examples of nutrient-dense foods - ANSWER low fat milk, fruit/nut trail mix, fresh
fruit, baked chips, oatmeal raisin cookies
epidemiological study - ANSWER observing relationships between diet, health, and
disease patterns in dif populations
,balance study - ANSWER compares the total amount of a nutrient that enters the
body with the total amount that leaves the body
depletion-repletion study - ANSWER A study that feeds subjects a diet devoid of a
nutrient until signs of deficiency appear, and then adds the nutrient back to the diet
to a level at which symptoms disappear and health is restored
double blind study - ANSWER An experiment in which neither the participant nor
the researcher knows whether the participant has received the treatment or the
placebo
single blind study - ANSWER study in which the subjects do not know if they are in
the experimental or the control group
variety - ANSWER selecting nutrient dense foods from each food group and within
each
balance - ANSWER one food lacking in a nutrient, balance with another food that
doesnt
moderation - ANSWER all types of food are ok
- not consuming too much energy, fat, sugar, alc
- achieves healthy weight and lowers risk of chronic disease
Steps of the Scientific Method - ANSWER observation, hypothesis, experiment,
conclusion
theory vs hypothesis - ANSWER theory: explanation based on scientific study and
reasoning
hypothesis: proposed explanation
sources of reliable nutrition info - ANSWER Government recommendations,
universities, health professionals, nonprofit organizations based on science to
provide information to improve health
, recommended dietary allowances - ANSWER intakes that meet needs of 97-98% of
healthy individs in each group
- determined using EAR value and taking into acct individ variability
- intakes lower than this can indicate deficiency
Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) - ANSWER amount of a nutrient that meets
the needs of 50% of healthy people in a life stage/gender group
Adequate Intake (AI) - ANSWER a recommended average daily nutrient intake level
based on observed or experimentally determined estimates of nutrient intake by a
group of healthy people
Upper Levels (UL) - ANSWER max daily intakes unlikely to pose a risk to almost all
individs in specific group
Acceptable macronutrient distribution range (AMDR) - ANSWER intakes ranges for
energy yielding nutrients
- expressed as % of total energy intake
Estimated energy requirement (EER) - ANSWER average energy intakes predicted to
maintain body weight by calculating amount of kcals
- takes into acct gender, weight, height, level of physical activity
dietary guidlines - ANSWER nutrition/ lifestyle recommendations published by US
department of health and human services
- only recommendation w major emphasis on food safety
exchange lists - ANSWER Based on food groups to determine overall energy and
macronutrient intake
Healthy People Initiative - ANSWER National health promotion and disease
prevention objectives for the U.S.
Complete Solution
leading causes of death attributed to nutrition - ANSWER heart disease, cancer,
stroke
energy yielding nutrients - ANSWER broken down to generate energy
- carbs, lipids, proteins
macronutrients - ANSWER needed in large amounts
- carbs, lipid, proteins, water
micronutrients - ANSWER needed in small amounts
- vitamins, minerals
inorganic - ANSWER does not contain carbon
organic - ANSWER contains carbon
amount of energy provided by carbs - ANSWER 4 kcals
amount of energy provided by lipids - ANSWER 9 kcal
amount of energy provided by protein - ANSWER 4 kcal
amount of energy provided by alcohol - ANSWER 7 kcal
examples of nutrient-dense foods - ANSWER low fat milk, fruit/nut trail mix, fresh
fruit, baked chips, oatmeal raisin cookies
epidemiological study - ANSWER observing relationships between diet, health, and
disease patterns in dif populations
,balance study - ANSWER compares the total amount of a nutrient that enters the
body with the total amount that leaves the body
depletion-repletion study - ANSWER A study that feeds subjects a diet devoid of a
nutrient until signs of deficiency appear, and then adds the nutrient back to the diet
to a level at which symptoms disappear and health is restored
double blind study - ANSWER An experiment in which neither the participant nor
the researcher knows whether the participant has received the treatment or the
placebo
single blind study - ANSWER study in which the subjects do not know if they are in
the experimental or the control group
variety - ANSWER selecting nutrient dense foods from each food group and within
each
balance - ANSWER one food lacking in a nutrient, balance with another food that
doesnt
moderation - ANSWER all types of food are ok
- not consuming too much energy, fat, sugar, alc
- achieves healthy weight and lowers risk of chronic disease
Steps of the Scientific Method - ANSWER observation, hypothesis, experiment,
conclusion
theory vs hypothesis - ANSWER theory: explanation based on scientific study and
reasoning
hypothesis: proposed explanation
sources of reliable nutrition info - ANSWER Government recommendations,
universities, health professionals, nonprofit organizations based on science to
provide information to improve health
, recommended dietary allowances - ANSWER intakes that meet needs of 97-98% of
healthy individs in each group
- determined using EAR value and taking into acct individ variability
- intakes lower than this can indicate deficiency
Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) - ANSWER amount of a nutrient that meets
the needs of 50% of healthy people in a life stage/gender group
Adequate Intake (AI) - ANSWER a recommended average daily nutrient intake level
based on observed or experimentally determined estimates of nutrient intake by a
group of healthy people
Upper Levels (UL) - ANSWER max daily intakes unlikely to pose a risk to almost all
individs in specific group
Acceptable macronutrient distribution range (AMDR) - ANSWER intakes ranges for
energy yielding nutrients
- expressed as % of total energy intake
Estimated energy requirement (EER) - ANSWER average energy intakes predicted to
maintain body weight by calculating amount of kcals
- takes into acct gender, weight, height, level of physical activity
dietary guidlines - ANSWER nutrition/ lifestyle recommendations published by US
department of health and human services
- only recommendation w major emphasis on food safety
exchange lists - ANSWER Based on food groups to determine overall energy and
macronutrient intake
Healthy People Initiative - ANSWER National health promotion and disease
prevention objectives for the U.S.
