SOLUTIONV MANUALV FOR
StatisticsVforVNursingVResearch:VAVWorkbookVforVEvidence-BasedVPracticeV3rdVEditionVbyVSusanVK.
V V Grove
FULL TEST BANK!!!
V V
,AnswerVGuidelinesVforVQuestionsVtoVBeVGraded
V V
Measurement: Nominal,
V
V
V V
V
1
TheVquestionsV areVinV boldVfollowedV byV answers.
1. InVTableV1,VidentifyVtheVlevelVofVmeasurementVforVtheVcurrentVtherapyVvariable.VProvid
eVaVrationaleVforVyourVanswer.
Answer:VTheVcurrentVtherapyVvariableVwasVmeasuredVatVtheVnominalVlevel.VTheseVdrugVc
ategoriesVwereVprobablyVdevelopedVtoVbeVexhaustiveVforVthisVstudyVandVincludedVtheVcate
goriesVofVdrugsVtheVsubjectsVwereVreceiving.VHowever,VtheVcategoriesVareVnotVexclusive,V
sinceVpatientsVareVusuallyVonVmoreVthanVoneVcategoryVofVtheseVdrugsVtoVmanageVtheirVh
ealthVproblems.VTheVcurrentVtherapiesVareVnotVmeasuredVatVtheVordinalVlevelVbecauseVthey
VcannotVbeVrankVordered,VsinceVnoVdrugVcategory VcanVbeVconsideredVmoreVorVlessVbenefi
cialVthanVanotherVdrugVcategoryV(seeVFigureV1-1;VGroveV&VGray,V2019).
2. WhatV isV theV modeV forV theV currentV therapyV variableV inV thisV study?V ProvideV aV rati
onaleV forVyourVanswer.
Answer:VTheVmodeVforVcurrentVtherapyVwasVβVblocker.VAVtotalVofV 100V(94%)VofV theVcardiacV patie
nts
wereV receivingV thisV categoryV ofV drug,V whichV wasV theV mostV commonV prescribedV drugV
forV thisVsample.
3. WhatVstatisticsVwereVconductedVtoVdescribeVtheVBMIVofVtheVcardiacVpatientsVinVthisVsa
mple?VDiscussV whetherV theseV analysisV techniquesV wereV appropriateV orV inappropriate.
Answer:VBMIVwasVdescribedVwithVaVmeanVandVstandardVdeviationV(SD).VBMIVmeasurementVr
esultedV inVratio-
levelV dataV withV continuousV valuesV andV anV absoluteV zeroV (StoneV &V Frazier,V 2017).V Ratio
-
VlevelVdataVshouldVbeVanalyzedVwithVparametricVstatisticsVsuchVasVtheVmeanVandVSDV(GroveV
&VGray,V2017;VKnapp,V2017).
4. ResearchersVusedVtheVfollowingVitemVtoVmeasureVregisteredVnurses’V(RNs)VincomeVinVaV
study:V WhatVcategoryVidentifiesVyourVcurrentVincomeVasVanVRN?
a. LessVthanV $50,000
b. $50,000V toV 59,999
c. $60,000VtoV 69,999
d. $70,000V toV 80,000
e. $80,000V orV greater
WhatV levelV ofV measurementV isV thisV incomeV variable?V DoesV theV incomeV variableV follo
wV theVrulesV outlinedVinV FigureV 1-1?V ProvideV aVrationaleV forV yourV answer.
Answer:VInVthisVexample,VtheVincomeVvariableVisVmeasuredVatVtheVordinalVlevel.VTheVincomeV
catego-
,VriesV areV exhaustive,V rangingV fromV lessV thanV $50,000V toV greaterV thanV $80,000.V TheV twoV op
en-ended
, 1-1
AGV1-2 AnswerVGuidelinesVforVQuestionsVtoVBeVGraded
categoriesVensureVthatVallVsalaryVlevelsVareVcovered.VTheVcategoriesVareVnotVexclusive,VsinceV
catego-
VriesV(d)VandV(e)VincludeVanV$80,000Vsalary,VsoVstudyVparticipantsVmakingV$80,000Vmigh
tVmarkVeitherV(d)VorV(e)VorVbothVcategories,VresultingVinVerroneousVdata.VCategoryV(e)Vco
uldVbeVchangedV toVgreaterVthanV$80,000,VmakingVtheVcategoriesVexclusive.VTheVcategorie
sVcanVbeVrankVorderedVfromVtheVlowestVsalaryVtoVtheVhighestVsalary,VwhichVisVconsistent
VwithVordinalVdataV(GroveV&VGray,V2019;VWaltzVetVal.,V2017).
5. WhatV levelV ofV measurementV isVtheV CDSV score?V ProvideV aV rationaleV forV yourV answer.
Answer:VTheVCDSVscoreVisVatVtheVintervalVlevelVofVmeasurement.VTheVCDSVisVaV26-
itemVLikertVscaleVdevelopedVtoVmeasureVdepressionVinVcardiacVpatients.VStudyVparticipant
sVratedVtheirVsymp-
VtomsVonVaVscaleVofV1VtoV7,VwithVhigherVnumbersVindicatingVincreasedVseverityVinVtheVd
epressionVsymptoms.VTheVtotalVscoresVforVeachVsubjectVobtainedVfromVthisVmulti-
itemVscaleVareVconsideredVtoVbeVatVtheVintervalVlevelVofVmeasurementV(GrayVetVal.,V2017
;VWaltzVetVal.,V2017).
6. WereVnonparametricV orVparametricVanalysisVtechniquesVusedVtoVanalyzeVtheVCDSVscores
VforV theV cardiacV patientsV inVthisV study?V ProvideV aV rationaleV forV yourV answer.
Answer:V ParametricV statistics,V suchV asV meanV andV SD,V wereV conductedV toV describeV CDSV
scoresVforVstudyVparticipantsV(seeVTableV1).VCDSVscoresVareVinterval-
levelVdataVasVindicatedVinVQuestionsV5,VsoVparametricVstatisticsVareVappropriateVforVthisVlevel
VofVdataV(GrayVetVal.,V2017;VKimV&VMallory,V2017).
7. IsV theV prevalenceV ofV depressionV linkedV toV theV NYHAV class?V DiscussV theV clinicalV im
portanceVofVthisVresult.
Answer:V TheV studyV narrativeV indicatedV thatV theV prevalenceV ofV depressionV increasedV with
V theVgreaterVNYHAVclass.VInVNYHAVclassVIII,V64%VofVtheVsubjectsVwereVdepressed,Vwherea
sV11%VofVtheVsubjectsVwereVdepressedVinVNYHAVclassVI.VThus,VasVtheVNYHAVclassVincreas
ed,VtheVnumberVofVsub-
VjectsVwithVdepressionVincreased.VThisVisVanVexpectedVfindingVbecauseVasVtheVNYHAVclassVi
ncreases,VcardiacVpatientsVhaveVmoreVsevereVphysicalVsymptoms,VwhichVusuallyVresultVinVemo
tionalVdistress,VsuchVasVdepression.VNursesVneedVtoVactivelyVassessVcardiacVpatientsVforVdepre
ssion,VespeciallyVthoseV inV higherV NYHAV classes,V soV theyV mightV beV diagnosedV andV treate
dV asV needed.
8. WhatV frequencyV andV percentV ofV cardiacV patientsV inV thisV studyV wereV notV beingV trea
tedV withVanVantidepressant?VShowVyourVcalculationsVandVroundVyourVanswerVtoVtheVne
arestVwholeVpercentV(%).
Answer:VAVtotalV ofV 106V cardiacV patientsV participatedV inV thisV study.V TheV sampleV
includedV15VpatientsVwhoVwereVreceivingVanVantidepressantV(seeVTableV1).VTheV numberV
ofV cardiacV patientsV notV treatedV forV depressionV wasV 91V (106V –
V 15V =V91).V TheV groupV percentV isV calculatedVbyV theV followingV formula:V (groupV frequ
encyV ÷VtotalV sampleV size)V ×V100%.V ForV thisV study,V(91VpatientsV÷V106VsampleVsize)
V×V100%V=V0.858V×V100%V=V85.8%V=V86%.VTheV finalVanswerV isV roundedV toVtheV
nearestV wholeV percentV asV directedV inVtheV question.V YouV couldV haveValsoVsubtractedVth
eV14%VofVpatientsVtreatedVwithVantidepressantsVfromV100%VandVobtainedVtheV86%VwhoV
wereVnotVtreatedVwithVanVantidepressant.
9. WhatVwasVtheVpurposeVofVtheV6-
minuteVwalkVtestV(6MWT)?VWouldVtheV6MWTVbeVusefulVinVclinicalVpractice?
Answer:VHaVetVal.V(2018)Vstated,V“TheV6-
minVwalkVtestV(6MWT)VisVaVmeasureVofVtheVsubmaximal,Vsteady-
StatisticsVforVNursingVResearch:VAVWorkbookVforVEvidence-BasedVPracticeV3rdVEditionVbyVSusanVK.
V V Grove
FULL TEST BANK!!!
V V
,AnswerVGuidelinesVforVQuestionsVtoVBeVGraded
V V
Measurement: Nominal,
V
V
V V
V
1
TheVquestionsV areVinV boldVfollowedV byV answers.
1. InVTableV1,VidentifyVtheVlevelVofVmeasurementVforVtheVcurrentVtherapyVvariable.VProvid
eVaVrationaleVforVyourVanswer.
Answer:VTheVcurrentVtherapyVvariableVwasVmeasuredVatVtheVnominalVlevel.VTheseVdrugVc
ategoriesVwereVprobablyVdevelopedVtoVbeVexhaustiveVforVthisVstudyVandVincludedVtheVcate
goriesVofVdrugsVtheVsubjectsVwereVreceiving.VHowever,VtheVcategoriesVareVnotVexclusive,V
sinceVpatientsVareVusuallyVonVmoreVthanVoneVcategoryVofVtheseVdrugsVtoVmanageVtheirVh
ealthVproblems.VTheVcurrentVtherapiesVareVnotVmeasuredVatVtheVordinalVlevelVbecauseVthey
VcannotVbeVrankVordered,VsinceVnoVdrugVcategory VcanVbeVconsideredVmoreVorVlessVbenefi
cialVthanVanotherVdrugVcategoryV(seeVFigureV1-1;VGroveV&VGray,V2019).
2. WhatV isV theV modeV forV theV currentV therapyV variableV inV thisV study?V ProvideV aV rati
onaleV forVyourVanswer.
Answer:VTheVmodeVforVcurrentVtherapyVwasVβVblocker.VAVtotalVofV 100V(94%)VofV theVcardiacV patie
nts
wereV receivingV thisV categoryV ofV drug,V whichV wasV theV mostV commonV prescribedV drugV
forV thisVsample.
3. WhatVstatisticsVwereVconductedVtoVdescribeVtheVBMIVofVtheVcardiacVpatientsVinVthisVsa
mple?VDiscussV whetherV theseV analysisV techniquesV wereV appropriateV orV inappropriate.
Answer:VBMIVwasVdescribedVwithVaVmeanVandVstandardVdeviationV(SD).VBMIVmeasurementVr
esultedV inVratio-
levelV dataV withV continuousV valuesV andV anV absoluteV zeroV (StoneV &V Frazier,V 2017).V Ratio
-
VlevelVdataVshouldVbeVanalyzedVwithVparametricVstatisticsVsuchVasVtheVmeanVandVSDV(GroveV
&VGray,V2017;VKnapp,V2017).
4. ResearchersVusedVtheVfollowingVitemVtoVmeasureVregisteredVnurses’V(RNs)VincomeVinVaV
study:V WhatVcategoryVidentifiesVyourVcurrentVincomeVasVanVRN?
a. LessVthanV $50,000
b. $50,000V toV 59,999
c. $60,000VtoV 69,999
d. $70,000V toV 80,000
e. $80,000V orV greater
WhatV levelV ofV measurementV isV thisV incomeV variable?V DoesV theV incomeV variableV follo
wV theVrulesV outlinedVinV FigureV 1-1?V ProvideV aVrationaleV forV yourV answer.
Answer:VInVthisVexample,VtheVincomeVvariableVisVmeasuredVatVtheVordinalVlevel.VTheVincomeV
catego-
,VriesV areV exhaustive,V rangingV fromV lessV thanV $50,000V toV greaterV thanV $80,000.V TheV twoV op
en-ended
, 1-1
AGV1-2 AnswerVGuidelinesVforVQuestionsVtoVBeVGraded
categoriesVensureVthatVallVsalaryVlevelsVareVcovered.VTheVcategoriesVareVnotVexclusive,VsinceV
catego-
VriesV(d)VandV(e)VincludeVanV$80,000Vsalary,VsoVstudyVparticipantsVmakingV$80,000Vmigh
tVmarkVeitherV(d)VorV(e)VorVbothVcategories,VresultingVinVerroneousVdata.VCategoryV(e)Vco
uldVbeVchangedV toVgreaterVthanV$80,000,VmakingVtheVcategoriesVexclusive.VTheVcategorie
sVcanVbeVrankVorderedVfromVtheVlowestVsalaryVtoVtheVhighestVsalary,VwhichVisVconsistent
VwithVordinalVdataV(GroveV&VGray,V2019;VWaltzVetVal.,V2017).
5. WhatV levelV ofV measurementV isVtheV CDSV score?V ProvideV aV rationaleV forV yourV answer.
Answer:VTheVCDSVscoreVisVatVtheVintervalVlevelVofVmeasurement.VTheVCDSVisVaV26-
itemVLikertVscaleVdevelopedVtoVmeasureVdepressionVinVcardiacVpatients.VStudyVparticipant
sVratedVtheirVsymp-
VtomsVonVaVscaleVofV1VtoV7,VwithVhigherVnumbersVindicatingVincreasedVseverityVinVtheVd
epressionVsymptoms.VTheVtotalVscoresVforVeachVsubjectVobtainedVfromVthisVmulti-
itemVscaleVareVconsideredVtoVbeVatVtheVintervalVlevelVofVmeasurementV(GrayVetVal.,V2017
;VWaltzVetVal.,V2017).
6. WereVnonparametricV orVparametricVanalysisVtechniquesVusedVtoVanalyzeVtheVCDSVscores
VforV theV cardiacV patientsV inVthisV study?V ProvideV aV rationaleV forV yourV answer.
Answer:V ParametricV statistics,V suchV asV meanV andV SD,V wereV conductedV toV describeV CDSV
scoresVforVstudyVparticipantsV(seeVTableV1).VCDSVscoresVareVinterval-
levelVdataVasVindicatedVinVQuestionsV5,VsoVparametricVstatisticsVareVappropriateVforVthisVlevel
VofVdataV(GrayVetVal.,V2017;VKimV&VMallory,V2017).
7. IsV theV prevalenceV ofV depressionV linkedV toV theV NYHAV class?V DiscussV theV clinicalV im
portanceVofVthisVresult.
Answer:V TheV studyV narrativeV indicatedV thatV theV prevalenceV ofV depressionV increasedV with
V theVgreaterVNYHAVclass.VInVNYHAVclassVIII,V64%VofVtheVsubjectsVwereVdepressed,Vwherea
sV11%VofVtheVsubjectsVwereVdepressedVinVNYHAVclassVI.VThus,VasVtheVNYHAVclassVincreas
ed,VtheVnumberVofVsub-
VjectsVwithVdepressionVincreased.VThisVisVanVexpectedVfindingVbecauseVasVtheVNYHAVclassVi
ncreases,VcardiacVpatientsVhaveVmoreVsevereVphysicalVsymptoms,VwhichVusuallyVresultVinVemo
tionalVdistress,VsuchVasVdepression.VNursesVneedVtoVactivelyVassessVcardiacVpatientsVforVdepre
ssion,VespeciallyVthoseV inV higherV NYHAV classes,V soV theyV mightV beV diagnosedV andV treate
dV asV needed.
8. WhatV frequencyV andV percentV ofV cardiacV patientsV inV thisV studyV wereV notV beingV trea
tedV withVanVantidepressant?VShowVyourVcalculationsVandVroundVyourVanswerVtoVtheVne
arestVwholeVpercentV(%).
Answer:VAVtotalV ofV 106V cardiacV patientsV participatedV inV thisV study.V TheV sampleV
includedV15VpatientsVwhoVwereVreceivingVanVantidepressantV(seeVTableV1).VTheV numberV
ofV cardiacV patientsV notV treatedV forV depressionV wasV 91V (106V –
V 15V =V91).V TheV groupV percentV isV calculatedVbyV theV followingV formula:V (groupV frequ
encyV ÷VtotalV sampleV size)V ×V100%.V ForV thisV study,V(91VpatientsV÷V106VsampleVsize)
V×V100%V=V0.858V×V100%V=V85.8%V=V86%.VTheV finalVanswerV isV roundedV toVtheV
nearestV wholeV percentV asV directedV inVtheV question.V YouV couldV haveValsoVsubtractedVth
eV14%VofVpatientsVtreatedVwithVantidepressantsVfromV100%VandVobtainedVtheV86%VwhoV
wereVnotVtreatedVwithVanVantidepressant.
9. WhatVwasVtheVpurposeVofVtheV6-
minuteVwalkVtestV(6MWT)?VWouldVtheV6MWTVbeVusefulVinVclinicalVpractice?
Answer:VHaVetVal.V(2018)Vstated,V“TheV6-
minVwalkVtestV(6MWT)VisVaVmeasureVofVtheVsubmaximal,Vsteady-
