PSYC 3304 Exam 1 Review Questions With Complete
Solutions
Do we tend to make internal or external attributions of one
another? Correct Answers Internal
For what 3 reasons can something become accessible? Correct
Answers Chronically accessible due to past experiences,
temporarily accessible due to a current goal, or temporarily
accessible due to recent experiences.
How are implicit personality theories influenced by culture?
Correct Answers Westerners have a category for artistic people,
Chinese have a category for "shi gu" people.
How do we know what is ethical or not? Correct Answers The
Institutional Review Board decides this.
How is the Institutional Review Board made up? Correct
Answers At least one scientist, one non-scientist, and one
member not affiliated with the institution.
How successful are people at correcting their mistakes? Correct
Answers If we make a quick judgment and someone brings it to
our attention, we can form a more accurate judgment.
We take a situation into account if we.. Correct Answers Have
the motivation, have the ability (no cognitive load), and are
suspicious of target person's behavior.
,What 6 emotions did Darwin claim are universal? Correct
Answers Anger, sadness, happiness, fear, surprise, and disgust.
What are defensive attributions? Correct Answers Explanations
for behavior that avoid feelings of vulnerability.
What are display rules? Correct Answers Culturally determined
roles about which nonverbal behaviors are appropriate to
display.
What are emblems? Correct Answers Nonverbal gestures that
have well understood definitions within a given culture.
What are implicit personality theories? Correct Answers A type
of schema people use to group various kinds of personality traits
together.
What are mirror neurons? Correct Answers A special kind of
brain cell found in the human brain and other primates that
respond when we perform an action and when we see someone
else perform the same action. It is one way that humans connect
with one another and can explain our capacity to feel empathy.
What are schemas? Correct Answers Mental structures that
people use to organize information about the social world.
What are self-serving attributions? Correct Answers
Explanations for one's success are due to internal factors,
explanations of one's failures are due to external factors.
, What are some nonverbal cues? Correct Answers Facial
expressions, tone of voice, gestures, body position & movement,
the use of touch, and gaze.
What are some other emotions of interest? Correct Answers
Contempt, pride, and shame.
What are stereotypes? Correct Answers Schemas that are
applied to members of a social group.
What are surveys? Correct Answers When a representative
sample of people are asked questions about their attitude or
behaviors.
What are the differences among culture and attributional biases
between Westerners and Asian cultures? Correct Answers
Westerner's have a strong self-serving bias, Asians have a
markedly low or even absent level of self-serving bias.
What are the limits of the observational method? Correct
Answers The Hawthorne effect and we can only describe
behaviors, we can't say one event caused a behavior, we can
only say they are related.
What are the potential problems with surveys? Correct Answers
Problems with accuracy of responses, can't always predict future
behavior, and answers may not always be honest.
What are the replications of the experimental method? Correct
Answers Resolves the dilemma between internal and external
validity.
Solutions
Do we tend to make internal or external attributions of one
another? Correct Answers Internal
For what 3 reasons can something become accessible? Correct
Answers Chronically accessible due to past experiences,
temporarily accessible due to a current goal, or temporarily
accessible due to recent experiences.
How are implicit personality theories influenced by culture?
Correct Answers Westerners have a category for artistic people,
Chinese have a category for "shi gu" people.
How do we know what is ethical or not? Correct Answers The
Institutional Review Board decides this.
How is the Institutional Review Board made up? Correct
Answers At least one scientist, one non-scientist, and one
member not affiliated with the institution.
How successful are people at correcting their mistakes? Correct
Answers If we make a quick judgment and someone brings it to
our attention, we can form a more accurate judgment.
We take a situation into account if we.. Correct Answers Have
the motivation, have the ability (no cognitive load), and are
suspicious of target person's behavior.
,What 6 emotions did Darwin claim are universal? Correct
Answers Anger, sadness, happiness, fear, surprise, and disgust.
What are defensive attributions? Correct Answers Explanations
for behavior that avoid feelings of vulnerability.
What are display rules? Correct Answers Culturally determined
roles about which nonverbal behaviors are appropriate to
display.
What are emblems? Correct Answers Nonverbal gestures that
have well understood definitions within a given culture.
What are implicit personality theories? Correct Answers A type
of schema people use to group various kinds of personality traits
together.
What are mirror neurons? Correct Answers A special kind of
brain cell found in the human brain and other primates that
respond when we perform an action and when we see someone
else perform the same action. It is one way that humans connect
with one another and can explain our capacity to feel empathy.
What are schemas? Correct Answers Mental structures that
people use to organize information about the social world.
What are self-serving attributions? Correct Answers
Explanations for one's success are due to internal factors,
explanations of one's failures are due to external factors.
, What are some nonverbal cues? Correct Answers Facial
expressions, tone of voice, gestures, body position & movement,
the use of touch, and gaze.
What are some other emotions of interest? Correct Answers
Contempt, pride, and shame.
What are stereotypes? Correct Answers Schemas that are
applied to members of a social group.
What are surveys? Correct Answers When a representative
sample of people are asked questions about their attitude or
behaviors.
What are the differences among culture and attributional biases
between Westerners and Asian cultures? Correct Answers
Westerner's have a strong self-serving bias, Asians have a
markedly low or even absent level of self-serving bias.
What are the limits of the observational method? Correct
Answers The Hawthorne effect and we can only describe
behaviors, we can't say one event caused a behavior, we can
only say they are related.
What are the potential problems with surveys? Correct Answers
Problems with accuracy of responses, can't always predict future
behavior, and answers may not always be honest.
What are the replications of the experimental method? Correct
Answers Resolves the dilemma between internal and external
validity.
