NU650 Final Exam Study Guide: Key Concepts
and A+ Prep
Order of Assessment
Inspection, Palpation, Percussion and Auscultation. EXCEPT with abdomen
Comprehensive Health History
chief complaint, reason for visit, ROS, past medical and surgical history, social history and family history
Pediatric Body measurements
length, height, weight, head circumference fro birth to 36 months
Normal/Hypertension cut off
<130 normal 140+ hypertension
Fontanel Closure
posterior 1-2 months, anterior 9mo-2years
otoscope
adult-up and back, peds- down and back, using largest speculum that will fit comforably
tympanic membrane
Cone of light R-5 l-7
EOM testing
CN III, IV, VI
AP diameter of chest
1:2 (AP less than transverse)
barrel chest
COPD
Flat or Dull percussion
, effusion or pneumonia
normal resonant percussion
healthy lung
Hyperressonance (percussion)
trapped air
crackles/rales
high pitched, discontinuous
Wheezes
high-pitched whistling or squeaking sounds during inspiration or expiration
Rhonchi
snoring, rumbling sounds heard upon auscultation of the chest during respiration-low pitched
tactile fremitus
• INCREASED FREMITUS
- Means there is liquid or solid inside the lungs (consolidation such as with pneumonia)
- Remember Liquid or solid transmits vibrations better than air
• DECREASED FREMITUS
Means air trapping such as with emphysema or bronchial obstruction.
Bronchophony
the spoken voice sound heard through the stethoscope, which sounds soft, muffled, and indistinct over
normal lung tissue, clearer over disease
Egophony
abnormal change in tone of voice that is heard when auscultating the lungs EE-->AA
UE Arteries
radial-thumb side, ulnar pinky side
Pulse grading
0 absent
1+ weak
2+ normal
3+ increased
4+ bounding
palpate bilaterally
PMI
and A+ Prep
Order of Assessment
Inspection, Palpation, Percussion and Auscultation. EXCEPT with abdomen
Comprehensive Health History
chief complaint, reason for visit, ROS, past medical and surgical history, social history and family history
Pediatric Body measurements
length, height, weight, head circumference fro birth to 36 months
Normal/Hypertension cut off
<130 normal 140+ hypertension
Fontanel Closure
posterior 1-2 months, anterior 9mo-2years
otoscope
adult-up and back, peds- down and back, using largest speculum that will fit comforably
tympanic membrane
Cone of light R-5 l-7
EOM testing
CN III, IV, VI
AP diameter of chest
1:2 (AP less than transverse)
barrel chest
COPD
Flat or Dull percussion
, effusion or pneumonia
normal resonant percussion
healthy lung
Hyperressonance (percussion)
trapped air
crackles/rales
high pitched, discontinuous
Wheezes
high-pitched whistling or squeaking sounds during inspiration or expiration
Rhonchi
snoring, rumbling sounds heard upon auscultation of the chest during respiration-low pitched
tactile fremitus
• INCREASED FREMITUS
- Means there is liquid or solid inside the lungs (consolidation such as with pneumonia)
- Remember Liquid or solid transmits vibrations better than air
• DECREASED FREMITUS
Means air trapping such as with emphysema or bronchial obstruction.
Bronchophony
the spoken voice sound heard through the stethoscope, which sounds soft, muffled, and indistinct over
normal lung tissue, clearer over disease
Egophony
abnormal change in tone of voice that is heard when auscultating the lungs EE-->AA
UE Arteries
radial-thumb side, ulnar pinky side
Pulse grading
0 absent
1+ weak
2+ normal
3+ increased
4+ bounding
palpate bilaterally
PMI
