Paper 1 Edexcel IGCSE Biology Test
Questions All Solved Correct 2025-
2026 Updated.
What are the characteristics of living things? - Answer Move, respire, sensitivity, grow,
respire, excrete, nutrition, control
Describe eukaryotic cells
Example - Answer Complex large cell
Contain Nucleus
Any mammal/insect cell
Describe prokaryotic cells
Example - Answer Small simple cell
No nucleus
Floating DNA
Amoeba/Chlorella
Animal cell:
Structure
Carbohydrate store
Example - Answer Multicellular
Contain: No cell wall
Store carbs as Glycogen
Any mammal/insect
Plant cell:
Structure
Carbohydrate store
Example - Answer Cell wall, vacuole, chloroplasts
Store carbs as starch or sucrose
Beans/maize
Fungi:
Structure
,Feeding method
Store carbohydrates
Example - Answer Body called mycelium made up of hyphae (thread like structures)
Cell walls made of chitin
Saprotrophic nutrition - release enzymes into surroundings to dissolve food
Store carbs as glycogen
Yeast
Describe the levels of organization - Answer Organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system
What is the function of the mitochondria? - Answer cellular respiration for energy
function of ribosomes - Answer protein synthesis
function of chloroplast - Answer Contains chlorophyll which absorbs light energy for
photosynthesis
function of vacuole - Answer Stores water, salts, proteins and carbs and provides structure
Define pathogen - Answer disease causing organism
Describe viruses
Example - Answer small cells, can only reproduce in living cells, no cellular structure, protein
coat and contain DNA or RNA
HIV
Describe bacteria - Answer single celled, no nucleus, contain circular chromosomes of DNA,
contain plasmids (extra bits of DNA)
Lactobacillus
Define cell differentiation - Answer the process by which cells become specialized in
structure and function
Structure and elements in carbohydrates - Answer Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
Starch/Glycogen
, Structure and elements in lipids - Answer Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
fatty acids and glycerol
Structure and elements in proteins - Answer Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen
Amino acids
How to test for starch - Answer addition of Iodine (orange) reacts with starch to produce
brown/blue color
How to test for lipids - Answer Add drops of Sudan III
Shake
Red lipids settle on top
How to test for proteins - Answer Biuret test
Add biuret solution and shake
blue -> pink if present
How to make a food sample - Answer Break food in pestle and mortar
stir with distilled water
filter solution to remove solids
How to test for glucose - Answer Benedict Solution in a hot water bath - blue -> turns green-
yellow-brick red
Describe the process of photosynthesis - Answer light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll in
chloroplasts
used to convert carbon dioxide and water into
sugar (glucose) (oxygen is released)
word and chemical equation for photosynthesis - Answer Carbon dioxide + water > glucose +
oxygen
6CO2 + 6H2O = C6H12O6 + 6O2
Adaptations of a leaf - Answer Large surface area
Upper epidermis transparent allows light in
Questions All Solved Correct 2025-
2026 Updated.
What are the characteristics of living things? - Answer Move, respire, sensitivity, grow,
respire, excrete, nutrition, control
Describe eukaryotic cells
Example - Answer Complex large cell
Contain Nucleus
Any mammal/insect cell
Describe prokaryotic cells
Example - Answer Small simple cell
No nucleus
Floating DNA
Amoeba/Chlorella
Animal cell:
Structure
Carbohydrate store
Example - Answer Multicellular
Contain: No cell wall
Store carbs as Glycogen
Any mammal/insect
Plant cell:
Structure
Carbohydrate store
Example - Answer Cell wall, vacuole, chloroplasts
Store carbs as starch or sucrose
Beans/maize
Fungi:
Structure
,Feeding method
Store carbohydrates
Example - Answer Body called mycelium made up of hyphae (thread like structures)
Cell walls made of chitin
Saprotrophic nutrition - release enzymes into surroundings to dissolve food
Store carbs as glycogen
Yeast
Describe the levels of organization - Answer Organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system
What is the function of the mitochondria? - Answer cellular respiration for energy
function of ribosomes - Answer protein synthesis
function of chloroplast - Answer Contains chlorophyll which absorbs light energy for
photosynthesis
function of vacuole - Answer Stores water, salts, proteins and carbs and provides structure
Define pathogen - Answer disease causing organism
Describe viruses
Example - Answer small cells, can only reproduce in living cells, no cellular structure, protein
coat and contain DNA or RNA
HIV
Describe bacteria - Answer single celled, no nucleus, contain circular chromosomes of DNA,
contain plasmids (extra bits of DNA)
Lactobacillus
Define cell differentiation - Answer the process by which cells become specialized in
structure and function
Structure and elements in carbohydrates - Answer Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
Starch/Glycogen
, Structure and elements in lipids - Answer Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
fatty acids and glycerol
Structure and elements in proteins - Answer Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen
Amino acids
How to test for starch - Answer addition of Iodine (orange) reacts with starch to produce
brown/blue color
How to test for lipids - Answer Add drops of Sudan III
Shake
Red lipids settle on top
How to test for proteins - Answer Biuret test
Add biuret solution and shake
blue -> pink if present
How to make a food sample - Answer Break food in pestle and mortar
stir with distilled water
filter solution to remove solids
How to test for glucose - Answer Benedict Solution in a hot water bath - blue -> turns green-
yellow-brick red
Describe the process of photosynthesis - Answer light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll in
chloroplasts
used to convert carbon dioxide and water into
sugar (glucose) (oxygen is released)
word and chemical equation for photosynthesis - Answer Carbon dioxide + water > glucose +
oxygen
6CO2 + 6H2O = C6H12O6 + 6O2
Adaptations of a leaf - Answer Large surface area
Upper epidermis transparent allows light in
