NURSING 1002 - ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY I
*FINAL EXAM REVIEW* Exam Questions and
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Terms in this set (258)
Anatomy the study of body structure and how they are
related to one another.
Physiology the study of body function; how the body parts
work and perform life-sustaining functions.
Homeostasis the core of bodily functions; the dynamic state of
equilibrium of the body; its ability to maintain a
stable environment relative to its internal
conditions.
Negative Feedback Loop results in a variable to change in such a way that is
opposite to the initial change, the ultimate goal of
this mechanism is to prevent severe changes in the
body.
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Positive Feedback Loop enhances/amplifies changes, the variable will push
further and further away from the set-point.
Typically, these mechanisms will have local effects,
usually at the site of the stimulus.
Axial Portion refers to the head, neck, and trunk
Appendicular Portion refers to the appendages; the upper and lower
limbs.
Cervical refers to the neck region
Sternal refers to the breastbone region in the central part
of the chest
Axillary refers to the underarm area
Mammary refers to the breast region, near the nipple
Umbilical refers to the navel region; belly button
Inguinal refers to the groin region
Acromial refers to the top/point of the shoulder
Antecubital refers to the anterior surface of the elbow
Patellar refers to the kneecap; ventral area of the knee
Popliteal refers to the posterior surface of the knee
Crural refers to the lower leg region
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Calcaneal refers to the heel of the foot
Plantar refers to the sole (bottom) of the foot
Scapular refers to the shoulder blade region
Vertebral refers to the area of the spinal column
Lumbar refers to the lower back region
Sacral refers to the area above the tailbone and between
the hip bones
Gluteal refers to the buttock region
Perineal refers to the region between the anus and external
genitalia
Superior toward the head or upper body regions
Inferior away from the head, toward the lower
part/structure of the body regions
Medial toward or at the midline of the body; inner side of
Lateral away from the midline of the body; outer side of
Proximal closer to the point of attachment (of a body part)
to the body trunk
Distal farther from the point of attachment (of a body
part) to the body trunk.
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