SMARTY PANCE
CARDIOLOGY COMBINED
REVIEW + Cardiology
Exam
2026
Questions and Answers
(A+ Grade Guarantee)
, SMARTY PANCE CARDIOLOGY COMBINED REVIEW + Cardiology Quick Cram
Cards (SMARTYPANCE.COM)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_4jtrhe
1. heart disease resulting from a What is the definition of cardiomyopathy?
primary abnormality in the my-
ocardium
2. Dilated (90%) What are the three categories of cardiomyopathy and which
Hypertrophic is the most common?
Restrictive
3. less than 40% (in the presence What is the ejection fraction in a cardiomyopathy?
of increased left ventricular di-
mension)
4. Left ventricle *Which chamber is most affected in cardiomyopathies?
5. enlargement and dilation of all What chambers are affected (and how) in Dilated cardiomy-
four chambers opathy?
6. chronic alcoholism What is the most common cause of non-ischemic DCM in
the US?
7. viral myocarditis What is the second most common cause of non-ischemic
cardiomyopathies? (#1 in other parts of the world)
8. myocytes are injured and necro- What is damaged in DCM and what does it result in?
sis occurs with myocardial fibro-
sis
when muscle cells fail they di-
late
9. systolic Does DCM have a systolic or diastolic dysfunction
10. What is the number one specific cause of dilated cardiomy-
opathy overall?
2026
, SMARTY PANCE CARDIOLOGY COMBINED REVIEW + Cardiology Quick Cram
Cards (SMARTYPANCE.COM)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_4jtrhe
Ischemic cardiomyopathy
(more than 60% of patients with
heart failure have this)
11. nonspecific abnormalities-vari- What is seen histologically in DCM?
ations in myocyte size\n-my-
ocyte vacuolization-fibrosis and
fat replace myocardium
12. alcohol destroys microvilli brush How does alcoholism lead to DCM?
border and leads to nutritional
deficits (thiamine in particular)
(glutamine helps regenerate)
alcohol is toxic to cardiac tis-
sue-> myocyte death
13. basketball What does the heart of someone with DCM resemble?
14. L ventricle hypertrophy without In which chamber are changes seen in HCM?
ventricular chamber dilation
15. myocardial hypertrophy-abnor- What is HCM characterized by?
mal diastolic filling
1/3 of cases- intermittent ven-
tricular outflow obstruction
16. the septum of the L ventricle is Which wall of the ventricle is more hypertrophic in HCM?
larger than the free wall
17. hypertrophy of myocardial What is seen histologically in HCM?
fibers\n-interstitial fibrosis
18. Where is the mutation that leads to HCM located?
2026
, SMARTY PANCE CARDIOLOGY COMBINED REVIEW + Cardiology Quick Cram
Cards (SMARTYPANCE.COM)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_4jtrhe
any one of several genes that
encode proteins within the sar-
comere
19. hypertrophic septum and LV What is seen on an Echo for HCM?
wall\n-small ejection fraction
20. The myocardium is infiltrat- What happens to the myocardium in restricted cardiomy-
ed with abnormal tissue-> im- opathy?
paired ventricular wall motion
and abnormal contraction and
relaxation
21. amyloidosis- most com- What are three causes of restrictive cardiomyopathy and
mon\n \n-hemochromato- which are the most common?
sis-most common\niron over-
load(genetic)- kills cell\n \n-sar-
coidosis
22. men of northern European de- What population is most susceptible to RCM?
scent
23. This is the normal rhythm of Normal Sinus Rhythm
the heart. The electrical impulse
originates within the SA node
and travels through the atria to
the AV node. After a brief delay,
the impulse travels down the
bundle branches, through the
Purkinje fibers to the ventricles.
24. Sinus bradycardia
2026
CARDIOLOGY COMBINED
REVIEW + Cardiology
Exam
2026
Questions and Answers
(A+ Grade Guarantee)
, SMARTY PANCE CARDIOLOGY COMBINED REVIEW + Cardiology Quick Cram
Cards (SMARTYPANCE.COM)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_4jtrhe
1. heart disease resulting from a What is the definition of cardiomyopathy?
primary abnormality in the my-
ocardium
2. Dilated (90%) What are the three categories of cardiomyopathy and which
Hypertrophic is the most common?
Restrictive
3. less than 40% (in the presence What is the ejection fraction in a cardiomyopathy?
of increased left ventricular di-
mension)
4. Left ventricle *Which chamber is most affected in cardiomyopathies?
5. enlargement and dilation of all What chambers are affected (and how) in Dilated cardiomy-
four chambers opathy?
6. chronic alcoholism What is the most common cause of non-ischemic DCM in
the US?
7. viral myocarditis What is the second most common cause of non-ischemic
cardiomyopathies? (#1 in other parts of the world)
8. myocytes are injured and necro- What is damaged in DCM and what does it result in?
sis occurs with myocardial fibro-
sis
when muscle cells fail they di-
late
9. systolic Does DCM have a systolic or diastolic dysfunction
10. What is the number one specific cause of dilated cardiomy-
opathy overall?
2026
, SMARTY PANCE CARDIOLOGY COMBINED REVIEW + Cardiology Quick Cram
Cards (SMARTYPANCE.COM)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_4jtrhe
Ischemic cardiomyopathy
(more than 60% of patients with
heart failure have this)
11. nonspecific abnormalities-vari- What is seen histologically in DCM?
ations in myocyte size\n-my-
ocyte vacuolization-fibrosis and
fat replace myocardium
12. alcohol destroys microvilli brush How does alcoholism lead to DCM?
border and leads to nutritional
deficits (thiamine in particular)
(glutamine helps regenerate)
alcohol is toxic to cardiac tis-
sue-> myocyte death
13. basketball What does the heart of someone with DCM resemble?
14. L ventricle hypertrophy without In which chamber are changes seen in HCM?
ventricular chamber dilation
15. myocardial hypertrophy-abnor- What is HCM characterized by?
mal diastolic filling
1/3 of cases- intermittent ven-
tricular outflow obstruction
16. the septum of the L ventricle is Which wall of the ventricle is more hypertrophic in HCM?
larger than the free wall
17. hypertrophy of myocardial What is seen histologically in HCM?
fibers\n-interstitial fibrosis
18. Where is the mutation that leads to HCM located?
2026
, SMARTY PANCE CARDIOLOGY COMBINED REVIEW + Cardiology Quick Cram
Cards (SMARTYPANCE.COM)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_4jtrhe
any one of several genes that
encode proteins within the sar-
comere
19. hypertrophic septum and LV What is seen on an Echo for HCM?
wall\n-small ejection fraction
20. The myocardium is infiltrat- What happens to the myocardium in restricted cardiomy-
ed with abnormal tissue-> im- opathy?
paired ventricular wall motion
and abnormal contraction and
relaxation
21. amyloidosis- most com- What are three causes of restrictive cardiomyopathy and
mon\n \n-hemochromato- which are the most common?
sis-most common\niron over-
load(genetic)- kills cell\n \n-sar-
coidosis
22. men of northern European de- What population is most susceptible to RCM?
scent
23. This is the normal rhythm of Normal Sinus Rhythm
the heart. The electrical impulse
originates within the SA node
and travels through the atria to
the AV node. After a brief delay,
the impulse travels down the
bundle branches, through the
Purkinje fibers to the ventricles.
24. Sinus bradycardia
2026
