FRESENIUS EXAM (100% CORRECT) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What is a pre-dialysis evaluation? - 1) Review of the patient's health.
2) Compares current health status to previous evaluations.
Why is pre-dialysis evaluations needed? - 1) To determine if the patient is stable to receive
treatment.
2) Determine if there has been a change in health status.
3) Provides a baseline date to plan for a safe treatment.
Describe Universal precautions - Steps we take with all patient contact to decrease the risk of
spreading infection to protect our patient and ourselves.
What are the 3 C's? - 1) Condition (objective)
2) Complaints (subjective)
3) Changes (objective)
What should you look for with:
Ambulation - Gait changes, use of assistive devices, ROM, energy level.
What should you look for with:
,Mental status and mood - A&O x 3, any changes in usual mood
(Alert and orientation)
Person, place, time (situation) A&Ox4
What should you look for with:
Skin - Color, integrity, temperature, edema
What should you look for with:
Vital signs - Weight, BP, HR, respiration's, temperature
What is EDW?
Estimated Dry weight - A patient's wt with excess fluid removed
When is a RN required to assess a pre-treatment wt? - If the patient pre-treatment wt is >4 kg
above EDW.
What does a blood pressure measure? - Measurement of the pressure of force of blood against the
walls of the arteries.
When do you report a blood pressure to the RN? - SBP <100 or > 180
DBP> 100
When do you report a heart rate to a RN? - New onset of HR <60 or >100
or a irregular beat
,When do you report a respiratory rate to the Rn? - A respiratory rate of > 24 breaths per minute
True or False
Does a dialysis patient maintain an average temperature? - False!
When do you report a temperature to the RN? - Temperature < 96 & > or = to 100 degrees
Name some important complaints you need to report to the RN?
(10) - 1) Dizziness
2) Chest pain
3) SOB (shortness of breath)
4) Any new complaints
5) A visit to the ER or a hospital stay
6) Weakness
7) Numbness or tinglinng
8) Fever or chills
9) Depression/sadness
10) Pain
What changes do you report to the RN? - New medications or visit to ER or hospital stay.
What are the ABC's of the patients assessment? - A) Access
B) Breathing
C) Cardiac
, What to look for with:
Access - Bruises, redness, drainage, swelling, bruit, thrill, pain, bleeding
What to look for with:
Breathing - Rate, rhythm, quality, SOB, breath sounds
What to look for with:
Cardiac - Skin color and turgor, heart sounds, pulse rate, rhythm & quality, edema, pain, SOB
Why do patients expreience crackles (rales) breath sounds? - Indicates fluid or congestion in lungs
Name some reasons for an abnormal heart rate? - Can indicate chemical imbalances or adverse
effects from medications.
Names some places fluid can get trapped?
(Edema) - Abdomen, lungs, feet, legs, hands,and face
What are the ranges for pitting edema? - 1-4 cm
What do you do when you have a red light as a complaint? - Do not start the treatment until the RN
has done a full assessment on the patient.
Dialysis Prescription and Pre-treatment safety checks:
Name what verifies the correct patient's dialysis prescription?
What is a pre-dialysis evaluation? - 1) Review of the patient's health.
2) Compares current health status to previous evaluations.
Why is pre-dialysis evaluations needed? - 1) To determine if the patient is stable to receive
treatment.
2) Determine if there has been a change in health status.
3) Provides a baseline date to plan for a safe treatment.
Describe Universal precautions - Steps we take with all patient contact to decrease the risk of
spreading infection to protect our patient and ourselves.
What are the 3 C's? - 1) Condition (objective)
2) Complaints (subjective)
3) Changes (objective)
What should you look for with:
Ambulation - Gait changes, use of assistive devices, ROM, energy level.
What should you look for with:
,Mental status and mood - A&O x 3, any changes in usual mood
(Alert and orientation)
Person, place, time (situation) A&Ox4
What should you look for with:
Skin - Color, integrity, temperature, edema
What should you look for with:
Vital signs - Weight, BP, HR, respiration's, temperature
What is EDW?
Estimated Dry weight - A patient's wt with excess fluid removed
When is a RN required to assess a pre-treatment wt? - If the patient pre-treatment wt is >4 kg
above EDW.
What does a blood pressure measure? - Measurement of the pressure of force of blood against the
walls of the arteries.
When do you report a blood pressure to the RN? - SBP <100 or > 180
DBP> 100
When do you report a heart rate to a RN? - New onset of HR <60 or >100
or a irregular beat
,When do you report a respiratory rate to the Rn? - A respiratory rate of > 24 breaths per minute
True or False
Does a dialysis patient maintain an average temperature? - False!
When do you report a temperature to the RN? - Temperature < 96 & > or = to 100 degrees
Name some important complaints you need to report to the RN?
(10) - 1) Dizziness
2) Chest pain
3) SOB (shortness of breath)
4) Any new complaints
5) A visit to the ER or a hospital stay
6) Weakness
7) Numbness or tinglinng
8) Fever or chills
9) Depression/sadness
10) Pain
What changes do you report to the RN? - New medications or visit to ER or hospital stay.
What are the ABC's of the patients assessment? - A) Access
B) Breathing
C) Cardiac
, What to look for with:
Access - Bruises, redness, drainage, swelling, bruit, thrill, pain, bleeding
What to look for with:
Breathing - Rate, rhythm, quality, SOB, breath sounds
What to look for with:
Cardiac - Skin color and turgor, heart sounds, pulse rate, rhythm & quality, edema, pain, SOB
Why do patients expreience crackles (rales) breath sounds? - Indicates fluid or congestion in lungs
Name some reasons for an abnormal heart rate? - Can indicate chemical imbalances or adverse
effects from medications.
Names some places fluid can get trapped?
(Edema) - Abdomen, lungs, feet, legs, hands,and face
What are the ranges for pitting edema? - 1-4 cm
What do you do when you have a red light as a complaint? - Do not start the treatment until the RN
has done a full assessment on the patient.
Dialysis Prescription and Pre-treatment safety checks:
Name what verifies the correct patient's dialysis prescription?
