VICTIMOLOGY TEST BANK 2026 EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉ What are the properties of a defendant-centered system. Answer:
Why the crime occurred
Protecting the rights of the defendant
Appropriate punishment for the defendant
◉ True or False?: The primary focus of the American criminal justice
system is the restoration of the victim. Answer: False
◉ What is a crime victim?. Answer: Persons who, individually or
collectively, have suffered harm.
Including physical or mental injury, emotional suffering, economic
loss or substantial impairment of their fundamental rights
Through acts or omissions that are in violation of criminal laws
operative within member states
Including those laws proscribing criminal abuse of power
◉ Who is not a crime victim?. Answer: Someone who has been
injured by the negligent acts of another
,Someone who has been harmed by natural disasters
◉ What is a direct/primary crime victim?. Answer: The person who
is harmed by the crime
◉ What is a indirect/secondary crime victim?. Answer: A person
who suffered harm as a result of their relationship with the primary
victim
◉ Who is a victim of crime (for the purpose of this class)?. Answer:
All alleged victims are victims of crime
◉ True or False?: Conviction is a legal distinction that determines if
a crime took place. Answer: False; Conviction is a legal distinction
that tells you about whether a person can be punished by the action
"The allegations of the victims do not create criminal guilt on the
part of any alleged offender"
◉ True or False?: If an offender is found not guilty by a jury, or if an
offender is not identified by the victim, the victim is not considered a
victim of crime. Answer: False
,◉ True or False?: Crimes that do not result in an arrest or
prosecution are victimless crimes. Answer: False
◉ True or False?: Women are less likely to report crimes. Answer:
False
◉ True or False?: Men and women have equally high rates of
victimization. Answer: False
◉ True or False?: Indigenous and Native people are the most likely
to be victimized. Answer: True
◉ True or False?: Based on the data discussed in class, Hispanics are
the most likely to report their crime to the police. Answer: True
◉ True or False?: Asians are less likely to report crimes. Answer:
True
◉ True or False?: Risk of becoming a victim of crime increases as
you grow older. Answer: False; decreases
◉ True or False?: Those ages 12-17 are the second less likely to
report crimes. Answer: True
, ◉ True or False?: The UCR is the most accurate way to measure
victimization because it minimizes the dark figure of crime. Answer:
False
◉ Victim-blaming as self-protection. Answer: Just World
Invulnerability
◉ Victim-blaming as a self-protection: Invulnerability. Answer:
"Nothing bad will happen to me because I do these things; if you
don't do these things, then it's your fault"
◉ According to the Invulnerability Theory of victim blaming, why do
people blame victims for their own victimization?. Answer: To
reassure themselves that they could never become a victim of crime
◉ Victim blaming as misogyny. Answer: Policing women's behavior
◉ Victimization will impact a person's whole self. Answer: Physical
Psychological
Emotional
Interpersonal
Financial
Spiritual*
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉ What are the properties of a defendant-centered system. Answer:
Why the crime occurred
Protecting the rights of the defendant
Appropriate punishment for the defendant
◉ True or False?: The primary focus of the American criminal justice
system is the restoration of the victim. Answer: False
◉ What is a crime victim?. Answer: Persons who, individually or
collectively, have suffered harm.
Including physical or mental injury, emotional suffering, economic
loss or substantial impairment of their fundamental rights
Through acts or omissions that are in violation of criminal laws
operative within member states
Including those laws proscribing criminal abuse of power
◉ Who is not a crime victim?. Answer: Someone who has been
injured by the negligent acts of another
,Someone who has been harmed by natural disasters
◉ What is a direct/primary crime victim?. Answer: The person who
is harmed by the crime
◉ What is a indirect/secondary crime victim?. Answer: A person
who suffered harm as a result of their relationship with the primary
victim
◉ Who is a victim of crime (for the purpose of this class)?. Answer:
All alleged victims are victims of crime
◉ True or False?: Conviction is a legal distinction that determines if
a crime took place. Answer: False; Conviction is a legal distinction
that tells you about whether a person can be punished by the action
"The allegations of the victims do not create criminal guilt on the
part of any alleged offender"
◉ True or False?: If an offender is found not guilty by a jury, or if an
offender is not identified by the victim, the victim is not considered a
victim of crime. Answer: False
,◉ True or False?: Crimes that do not result in an arrest or
prosecution are victimless crimes. Answer: False
◉ True or False?: Women are less likely to report crimes. Answer:
False
◉ True or False?: Men and women have equally high rates of
victimization. Answer: False
◉ True or False?: Indigenous and Native people are the most likely
to be victimized. Answer: True
◉ True or False?: Based on the data discussed in class, Hispanics are
the most likely to report their crime to the police. Answer: True
◉ True or False?: Asians are less likely to report crimes. Answer:
True
◉ True or False?: Risk of becoming a victim of crime increases as
you grow older. Answer: False; decreases
◉ True or False?: Those ages 12-17 are the second less likely to
report crimes. Answer: True
, ◉ True or False?: The UCR is the most accurate way to measure
victimization because it minimizes the dark figure of crime. Answer:
False
◉ Victim-blaming as self-protection. Answer: Just World
Invulnerability
◉ Victim-blaming as a self-protection: Invulnerability. Answer:
"Nothing bad will happen to me because I do these things; if you
don't do these things, then it's your fault"
◉ According to the Invulnerability Theory of victim blaming, why do
people blame victims for their own victimization?. Answer: To
reassure themselves that they could never become a victim of crime
◉ Victim blaming as misogyny. Answer: Policing women's behavior
◉ Victimization will impact a person's whole self. Answer: Physical
Psychological
Emotional
Interpersonal
Financial
Spiritual*
