WOUND CERTIFICATION EXAM REVIEW 2026
VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ Describe what you will see in deep tissue injury? Answer: purple
or maroon localized area of discolored intact skin skinor blood filled
blister; may be preceded by painful, firm, mushy, or boggy; skin may
be warmer to cooler in adjacent tissue. In dark skin, thin blister or
eschar over a dark wound bed may bee seen
◉ Describe stage I pressure ulcer? Answer: Intact skin with
nonblanchable redness of localized area. Will not see blanching in
dark skin, but changes in skin tissue consistency (firm vs boggy
when palpated), sensation (pain), and warmer or cooler
temperature may differ from surrounding area
◉ Describe stage II pressure ulcer? Answer: partial-thickness
wound where epidermis and tip of dermis is lost with red-pink
wound bed w/out slough. may also present as intact or
open/ruptured serum -filled blister
◉ Describe stage III pressure ulcer? Answer: full-thickness wound
where both epidermis and dermis is lost and subcutaneous tissue
may be visible, but deeper structures such as muscle, bone, and
tendon are not exposed; slough my be present but it doesn't obscure
depth and tunneling and undermining may be present
,◉ Describe stage IV pressure ulcer? Answer: full-thickness wound
with exposed bone,tendon, and muscle; slough or eschar may be
seen in some parts of the wound bed. you will often see tunneling
and undermining. Osteomyelitis may be dxed at this stage, since
bone is palpable
◉ Describe unstageble ulcers? Answer: full-thickness wound where
base of the ulcer is covered by slough and/or eschar, obscuring
depth
◉ When should eschars not be removed? Answer: when it's stable
with dry, adherent, and intact w/out erythema on the heel; this
serves as the body's natural cover and should not be removed.
◉ Therapeutic function of pressure distribution is accomplised by
what 2 factors? Answer: immersion and envelopement
◉ Define immersion? Answer: depth of penetration or skining into
surgace allowing pressure to be spread out over surrounding area
rather than directly over boney prominence
◉ Define envelopement? Answer: is the ability of support surface to
conform to irregularities without causing substantial increase in
pressure
, ◉ what is bottoming out? Answer: this occurs when depth of
penetration or sinking is excessive, allowing increased pressure to
concentrate over boney prominences
◉ what factors contribute to bottoming out? Answer: weight,
disproportion of weight and size such as amputation, tendency to
keep HOB >30 degrees, inappropriate support surface settings
◉ When should you consider reactive support surface with features
and components such as low air loss, alternating pressure, viscous
or air fluids? Answer: for patients who cannot effectively position off
their wound, have PUs in multiple turning surfaces, or have PUs that
fail to improve despite optimal comprehensive management
◉ When should active support surface be considered? Answer:
when effective positioning is determined by an MD to be medically
contraindicated
◉ What is the difference between an active and reactive support
surfaces/ Answer: active support surface is a powered mattress or
overlay that changes it's load- distribution with or without applied
load; pressure is redistributed across the body by inflating and
deflating the cells of alternating zones. conversely a reactive support
surface moves or changes load-distribution properties only in
response to applied load, such as the patient's body.
VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ Describe what you will see in deep tissue injury? Answer: purple
or maroon localized area of discolored intact skin skinor blood filled
blister; may be preceded by painful, firm, mushy, or boggy; skin may
be warmer to cooler in adjacent tissue. In dark skin, thin blister or
eschar over a dark wound bed may bee seen
◉ Describe stage I pressure ulcer? Answer: Intact skin with
nonblanchable redness of localized area. Will not see blanching in
dark skin, but changes in skin tissue consistency (firm vs boggy
when palpated), sensation (pain), and warmer or cooler
temperature may differ from surrounding area
◉ Describe stage II pressure ulcer? Answer: partial-thickness
wound where epidermis and tip of dermis is lost with red-pink
wound bed w/out slough. may also present as intact or
open/ruptured serum -filled blister
◉ Describe stage III pressure ulcer? Answer: full-thickness wound
where both epidermis and dermis is lost and subcutaneous tissue
may be visible, but deeper structures such as muscle, bone, and
tendon are not exposed; slough my be present but it doesn't obscure
depth and tunneling and undermining may be present
,◉ Describe stage IV pressure ulcer? Answer: full-thickness wound
with exposed bone,tendon, and muscle; slough or eschar may be
seen in some parts of the wound bed. you will often see tunneling
and undermining. Osteomyelitis may be dxed at this stage, since
bone is palpable
◉ Describe unstageble ulcers? Answer: full-thickness wound where
base of the ulcer is covered by slough and/or eschar, obscuring
depth
◉ When should eschars not be removed? Answer: when it's stable
with dry, adherent, and intact w/out erythema on the heel; this
serves as the body's natural cover and should not be removed.
◉ Therapeutic function of pressure distribution is accomplised by
what 2 factors? Answer: immersion and envelopement
◉ Define immersion? Answer: depth of penetration or skining into
surgace allowing pressure to be spread out over surrounding area
rather than directly over boney prominence
◉ Define envelopement? Answer: is the ability of support surface to
conform to irregularities without causing substantial increase in
pressure
, ◉ what is bottoming out? Answer: this occurs when depth of
penetration or sinking is excessive, allowing increased pressure to
concentrate over boney prominences
◉ what factors contribute to bottoming out? Answer: weight,
disproportion of weight and size such as amputation, tendency to
keep HOB >30 degrees, inappropriate support surface settings
◉ When should you consider reactive support surface with features
and components such as low air loss, alternating pressure, viscous
or air fluids? Answer: for patients who cannot effectively position off
their wound, have PUs in multiple turning surfaces, or have PUs that
fail to improve despite optimal comprehensive management
◉ When should active support surface be considered? Answer:
when effective positioning is determined by an MD to be medically
contraindicated
◉ What is the difference between an active and reactive support
surfaces/ Answer: active support surface is a powered mattress or
overlay that changes it's load- distribution with or without applied
load; pressure is redistributed across the body by inflating and
deflating the cells of alternating zones. conversely a reactive support
surface moves or changes load-distribution properties only in
response to applied load, such as the patient's body.
