Test Bank for Community & public health nursing 6th Edition by Stanhope, Marcia; Lancaster, Jeanette

Test Bank for Foundations for Population
Health in Community/Public Health Nursing
by Stanhope & Lancaster | 6th Edition
Complete Q&A

, Chapteri 01:i Publici Healthi Nursingi andi Populationi Health
Stanhope:iFoundationsiforiPopulationiHealthiiniCommunity/PubliciHealthiNursing,i6thiEdition


MULTIPLEiCHOIC
E

1. Whichistatementibestidescribesicommunity-basedinursing?
a. Aipracticeiiniwhichicareiisiprovidediforiindividualsiandifamilies.
b. Providingicareiwithiaifocusionitheigroup’sineeds.
c. Givingicareiwithiaifocusionitheiaggregate’sineeds.
d. Aivalueisystemiiniwhichialliclientsireceiveioptimalicare.
ANS:i A
j




Byidefinition,icommunity-basedinursingiisiaisetting- j




specificipracticeiiniwhichicareiisiprovidedifori“sick”iindividualsiandifamiliesiwhereitheyilive,iwork,iandiattendischo j




ol.iTheiemphasisiisioniacuteiandichronicicareianditheiprovisionioficomprehensive,icoordinated,iandicontinuousicare.i j




Theseinursesimayibeigeneralistsiorispecialistsiinimaternal– j




infant,ipediatric,iadult,ioripsychiatricimentalihealthinursing.iCommunity- j




basedinursingiemphasizesiacuteiandichronicicareitoiindividualsiandifamilies,iratherithanifocusingionigroups,iaggrega j




tes,iorisystems.

2. Whichistatementibestidescribesitheigoalioficommunity-orientedinursing?
a. Providingicareitoiindividualsiandifamilies
b. Providingicareitoimanageiacuteiorichroniciconditions
c. Givingidirecticareitoiilliindividualsiwithinitheirifamilyisetting
d. Toipreserve,iprotect,ipromote,iorimaintainihealthiandipreventidisease
ANS:i D
j




Byidefinition,icommunity- j




orientedinursingihasitheigoaliofipreserving,iprotecting,iorimaintainingihealthiandipreventingidiseaseitoipromoteitheiq j




ualityiofilife.iAllinursesimayifocusioniindividualsiandifamilies,igiveidirecticareitoiillipersonsiwithinitheirifamilyisetti j




ng,iandihelpimanageiacuteiorichroniciconditions.iTheseidefinitionsiareinotispecificitoicommunity-orientedinursing.

3. Whichiofitheifollowingiisitheiprimaryifocusiofipublicihealthinursing?
a. Familiesiandigroups
b. Illness-orientedicare
c. Individualsiwithinitheifamilyiunit
d. Healthicareioficommunitiesiandipopulations
ANS:i D
j




Inipublicihealthinursing,itheiprimaryifocusiisionitheihealthicareioficommunitiesiandipopulationsiratherithanioniindivi j




duals,igroups,iandifamilies.iTheigoaliisitoipreventidiseaseiandipreserve,ipromote,irestore,iandiprotectihealthiforitheic j




ommunityianditheipopulationiwithiniit.iCommunity-basedinursesidealiprimarilyiwithiillness- j




orientedicareiofiindividualsiandifamiliesiacrossitheilifeispan.iTheiaimiisitoimanageiacuteiandichronicihealthiconditio j




nsiinitheicommunity,ianditheifocusiofipracticeiisioniindividualior
family-centerediillnessicare.

4. Whichiofitheifollowingiisiresponsibleiforitheidramaticiincreaseiinilifeiexpectancyiduringithei20thicentury?
a. Technologyiincreasesiinitheifieldiofimedicalilaboratoryiresearch
b. Advancesiinisurgicalitechniquesiandiprocedures
c. Sanitationiandiotheripopulation-basedipreventioniprograms
d. Useiofiantibioticsitoifightiinfections
ANS:i C
j




Thereihasitoibeiindisputableievidenceicollectedioveritimeithatipublicihealthipoliciesiandiprogramsiwereiprimarilyirespon j




sibleiforiincreasingitheiaverageilifeispanifromi47iini1900itoi78.6iyearsiini2017,ianiincreaseiofiapproximatelyi60%iinijusti j




overiaicenturyiplusithroughiimprovementsiini(1)isanitation,i(2)icleaniwaterisupplies,i(3)imakingiworkplacesisafer,i(4)iim j




provingifoodiandidrugisafety, j




(5)iimmunizingichildren,iandi(6)iimprovinginutrition,ihygiene,iandihousing.iAlthoughipeopleiareiexcitediwheniaine j




widrugiisidiscoveredithaticuresiaidiseaseioriwheniainewiwayitoitransplantiorgansiisiperfected,iitiisiimportantitoiknowi j




aboutitheisignificantigainsiinitheihealthiofipopulationsithatihaveicomeilargelyifromipublicihealthiaccomplishments.

5. Ainurseiisidevelopingiaiplanitoidecreaseitheinumberiofiprematureideathsiinitheicommunity.iWhichiofitheifollowing
iinterventionsiwouldimostilikelyibeiimplementedibyitheinurse?
a. Provideifreeihealthicareitoiallicitizens
b. Toiincreaseitheinumberiofiindividualsiwithiaccessitoieffectiveihealthicareibenefits
c. LoweritheicostiofihealthicareitoitheiAmericanipopulation
d. ToilessenitheigovernmentaliburdeniofiprovidingihealthicareitoiAmericans
ANS:i B
j




TheicentralifeatureiinitheiPatientiProtectioniandiAffordableiCareiActi(ACA)iofi2010iareitheimechanismsitoiincreasei j




theinumberiofipeopleiwithihealthiinsurance.iTheicareiprovidediisinotinecessarilyifree.iWhileitheicostiofihealthicareian j




ditheiburdeniitiplacesionitheiAmericanigovernmentiareiseriousiconcerns,itheyiareinotitheiprimaryifocusiofiACA.

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, 6. WhatiisitheibasiciassumptionistatedibyiHealthyiPeoplei2010iasiitirelatesitoipublicihealthiefforts?
a. Healthidisparitiesiamongianyigroupsiareimorallyiandilegallyiwrong.
b. Healthicareiisitheimostiimportantipriorityiinigovernmentiplanningiandifunding.
c. Theihealthiofiindividualsicannotibeiseparatedifromitheihealthiofitheicommunity.
d. TheigovernmentiisiresponsibleiforilengtheningitheilifeispaniofiAmericans.
ANS:i Cj




TheimajoripremiseiofiHealthyiPeoplei2010iwasithatitheihealthiofitheiindividualicannotibeientirelyiseparateifromitheihealthiofitheilar j




gericommunity.iPublicihealthipracticeifocusesionitheicommunityiasiaiwhole,ianditheieffectiofitheicommunity’sihealthistatusi(resour j




ces)ionitheihealthiofiindividuals,ifamilies,iandigroups.iTheigoaliisitoipreventidiseaseiandidisabilityiandipromoteiandiprotectitheihealt j




hiofitheicommunityiasiaiwhole.iPublicihealthicanibeidescribediasiwhatisocietyicollectivelyidoesitoiensureithaticonditionsiexistiiniwh j




ichipeopleicanibeihealthy.iTheibasiciassumptionsiofipublicihealthidoinotijudgeitheimoralityiofihealthidisparities.iTheifocusiisionipre j




ventioniofiillnessinotionispendingimoreioniillnessicare.iAdditionally,iindividualiresponsibilityiforimakingihealthyichoicesiisitheidire j




ctiveiforilengtheningilifeispaninotitheiroleiofitheigovernment.

7. Whichiofitheifollowingiactionsiwouldimostilikelyibeiperformedibyiaipublicihealthinurse?
a. Askingicommunityileadersiwhatiinterventionsishouldibeichosen
b. Assessingitheicommunityiandidecidingioniappropriateiinterventions
c. Usingidataifromitheimainihealthicareiinstitutionsiinitheicommunityitoideterminei j




neededihealthiservices
d. Workingiwithicommunityigroupsitoicreateipoliciesitoiimproveitheienvironment
ANS:i Dj




Althoughitheipublicihealthinurseimightiengageiinianyiofitheitasksilisted,iheiorisheiworksiprimarilyiwithimembersiofitheicommunityit j




oicarryiouticoreipublicihealthifunctions,iincludingiassessmentiofitheipopulationiasiaiwholeiandiengagingiinipromotingihealthiandiim j




provingitheienvironment.iTheiinterventionsiofiaskingicommunityileadersiwhichiinterventionsishouldibeichosen,iassessingitheicomm j




unityiandidecidingioniappropriateiinterventions,iandiusingidataifromihealthicareiinstitutionsidoinotidemonstrateitheiengagementiofit j




heicommunityiwhenimakingidecisionsiaboutiwhatitheicommunityiactuallyiwantsiandineeds.

8. Whichipublicihealthinurseimosticlearlyifulfillsitheiresponsibilitiesiofithisirole?
a. Theinurseiwhoimetiwithiseveraligroupsitoidiscussicommunityirecreationiissues
b. Theinurseiwhoispentitheidayiattendingimeetingsiofivariousihealthiagencies
c. Theinurseiwhoitalkeditoiseveralipeopleiaboutitheiriparticularihealthiconcerns
d. Theinurseiwhoiwatcheditheicityicouncilimeetingionilocalicableitelevision
ANS:i Bj




Anyiofitheseidescriptionsimightirepresentiainurseicommunicating,icooperating,ioricollaboratingiwithicommunityiresidentsiorigroup j




siaboutihealthiconcerns.iAimajorichallengeiforitheifutureiisitheineediforipublicihealthinursingispecialistsitoibeimoreiaggressiveiiniw j




orkingicollaborativelyiwithivariousigroupsiinitheicommunityiasiwelliasiprofessionalicolleaguesiiniinstitutionalisettingsitoidealiwithi j




barriersitoihealth.iHowever,itheinurseiwhoispentitheidayiattendingimeetingsiofivariousihealthiagenciesiisitheimostirepresentative,ibe j




causeiinipublicihealth,iconcernsiareiaddressedifromiaibroaderiperspective.iInipublicihealth,ibroadiconcernsiofitheicommunityishould j




ibeiaddressed.iConcernsiareibroaderithanirecreation,iindividualiconcernsiareinotiasiimportantiasiaggregateipriorities,iandiwatchingite j




levisioni(aione-wayiformioficommunication)iisilessieffectiveithaniinteractingiwithiothers.

9. Whichiofitheifollowingibestidefinesiaggregate?
a. Ailargeigroupiofipersons
b. Aicollectioniofiindividualsiandifamilies
c. Aicollectioniofipeopleiwhoishareioneiorimoreicharacteristics
d. Anotherinameiforidemographicigroup
ANS:i Cj




Aniaggregateiisidefinediaicollectioniofipeopleiwhoishareioneiorimoreipersonaliorienvironmentalicharacteristics.iMembersiofiaicom j




munityicanibeidefinediinitermsiofieitherigeographyi(e.g.,iaicounty,iaigroupioficounties,ioriaistate)ioriaispecialiinteresti(e.g.,ichildreni j




attendingiaiparticularischool).iTheseimembersimakeiupiaipopulation.iTheitermipopulationimayibeiusediinterchangeablyiwithitheiter j




miaggregate.iAilargeigroupiofipersons,iaicollectioniofiindividualsiandifamilies,iandianotherinameiforidemographicigroupiareinotiac j




curateidefinitionsiofitheitermiaggregate.

10. Whichiquestioniaskedibyiainoviceinurseiwouldibeitheimostireflectiveiofianiunderstandingiofitheiroleiofiaipublicihealthinurse?
a. “Whichigroupsiareiatitheigreatestiriskiforiproblems?”
b. “WhichipatientsishouldiIiseeifirstiasiIibeginimyiday?”
c. “WithiwhichiphysiciansiwilliIibeimosticloselyicollaborating?”
d. “WithiwhichinursingiassistantsiwilliIipartneritheimost?”
ANS:i Aj




Askingiwhichigroupsiareiatigreatestiriskireflectsiaicommunity- j




orientediperspective.iTheiincorrectiresponsesireflectiaifocusioniindividualsiratherithaniaicommunity-orientediperspective.

11. Makingisureithatiessentialicommunity-orientedihealthiservicesiareiavailableidefinesiwhichiofitheicoreipublicihealthifunctions?
a. Policyidevelopment
b. Assessment
c. Assurance
d. Scientificiknowledge-basedicare
ANS:i Cj




Assuranceiincludesimakingisureithatiessentialicommunity- j




orientedihealthiservicesiareiavailableiinitheicommunity.iTheidefinitionidoesinotifititheitermsiassessment,ipolicyidevelopment.iScient j




ificiknowledge-basedicareiisinotiaicoreifunctioniofipublicihealth.
Assessmentiisisystematicidataicollectionionitheipopulation,imonitoringitheipopulation’sihealthistatus,iandimakingiinformationiavail j




ableiaboutitheihealthiofitheicommunity.iPolicyidevelopmentirefersitoieffortsitoidevelopipoliciesithatisupportitheihealthiofitheipopula j




tion,iincludingiusingiaiscientificiknowledgeibaseitoimakeipolicyidecisions.




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