ICD2O1 EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2025/2026
Hardware - ANS All computer parts that you can physically see or touch.
Software - ANS Computer programs that tell the hardware how to operate.
Input Devices - ANS Devices allowing communication from the user to the computer.
Output Devices - ANS Devices allowing communication from the computer to the user.
Peripheral - ANS Everything outside and connected to the system unit.
Components of a Computer Case - ANS Motherboard, CPU, RAM, ROM-BIOS, Expansion Slot,
Expansion Card, PCMCIA Cards.
Parts in the back of a Computer - ANS Jacks, ports, connectors.
What is a Male Connector? - ANS Connectors containing pins.
What is a Female Connector? - ANS Connectors having holes.
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, Bus - ANS Similar to a highway, carries information between devices in a computer.
Bus Types - ANS Industry Standard Architecture (ISA), Peripheral Component Interconnect
(PCI), Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP).
Bus Width - ANS How many "lanes", or more relevant, bits in the bus. The bigger bus width,
the more information that can travel at the same time.
Bus Speed - ANS The speed of how fast information travels through a bus, measured in MHz.
The higher the bus speed, the faster information travels.
Common types of expansion cards - ANS Modem, Network, Video/Graphics, Sound, and
additional ports
Computer Memory Retrieval Process - ANS Internal Cache → External Cache → RAM → Hard
Disk
RAM vs ROM - ANS RAM (Random Access Memory) stores memory that can be modified,
erased, or read, and is temporary/volatile. ROM (Read Only Memory) stores memory that can
only be read and not modified/erased but is permanent/non-volatile.
Factors Contributing to Computer Performance - ANS CPU Speed, Amount of RAM, Type of
Video Card, Hard Drive Speed, Free Hard Disk Space, Hard Disk Fragmentation/Organization,
Multitasking Considerations.
Computational Thinking - ANS Process of breaking down complex problems into smaller
parts, understanding, and developing solutions.
Steps of Computational Thinking - ANS Decomposition, Pattern Recognition, Abstraction,
Algorithmic Design.
Decomposition - ANS The process of breaking a problem down into smaller parts.
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
AND ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2025/2026
Hardware - ANS All computer parts that you can physically see or touch.
Software - ANS Computer programs that tell the hardware how to operate.
Input Devices - ANS Devices allowing communication from the user to the computer.
Output Devices - ANS Devices allowing communication from the computer to the user.
Peripheral - ANS Everything outside and connected to the system unit.
Components of a Computer Case - ANS Motherboard, CPU, RAM, ROM-BIOS, Expansion Slot,
Expansion Card, PCMCIA Cards.
Parts in the back of a Computer - ANS Jacks, ports, connectors.
What is a Male Connector? - ANS Connectors containing pins.
What is a Female Connector? - ANS Connectors having holes.
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, Bus - ANS Similar to a highway, carries information between devices in a computer.
Bus Types - ANS Industry Standard Architecture (ISA), Peripheral Component Interconnect
(PCI), Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP).
Bus Width - ANS How many "lanes", or more relevant, bits in the bus. The bigger bus width,
the more information that can travel at the same time.
Bus Speed - ANS The speed of how fast information travels through a bus, measured in MHz.
The higher the bus speed, the faster information travels.
Common types of expansion cards - ANS Modem, Network, Video/Graphics, Sound, and
additional ports
Computer Memory Retrieval Process - ANS Internal Cache → External Cache → RAM → Hard
Disk
RAM vs ROM - ANS RAM (Random Access Memory) stores memory that can be modified,
erased, or read, and is temporary/volatile. ROM (Read Only Memory) stores memory that can
only be read and not modified/erased but is permanent/non-volatile.
Factors Contributing to Computer Performance - ANS CPU Speed, Amount of RAM, Type of
Video Card, Hard Drive Speed, Free Hard Disk Space, Hard Disk Fragmentation/Organization,
Multitasking Considerations.
Computational Thinking - ANS Process of breaking down complex problems into smaller
parts, understanding, and developing solutions.
Steps of Computational Thinking - ANS Decomposition, Pattern Recognition, Abstraction,
Algorithmic Design.
Decomposition - ANS The process of breaking a problem down into smaller parts.
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
