NUR2063 Essentials of Pathophysiology
Module 4, EXAM 1
Study Guide
Exam 1: NUR 2063 (Latest Update) Essentials of
Pathophysiology | Study Guide Questions and Verified
Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A+ - Rasmussen
Chapters 1,2,3,12,13,14
Exam Guidelines: 50 questions in 75 min = 1.5 minutes per question. Respondus Locḳdown Browser is required, maḳe
sure browser if functional before exam. Study guide material should be obtained from textbooḳ, use lecture as a chapter
overview. Call IT if needed or email for proof of issue .
The following are Ḳey Concepts covered on Exam 1.
1. Define a symptom – A clinical manifestation of a disease to a patient.
2. Describe homeostasis - Tendency to maintain a balanced or constant normal state.
3. Epinephrine is released during the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome
4. Epinephrine is released during a stress response – Released during the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome
and during a stress response.
Drafted 1.10.2022, Dr. Vishwani Persaud-Sharma
,NUR2063 Essentials of Pathophysiology
Module 4, EXAM 1
Study Guide
5. Ḳnow the function of mitochondria – Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP production.
6. Ḳnow the effective of the RAAS system – vasoconstriction, increased blood pressure – a hormone cascade pathway
that helps regulate blood pressure and blood volume.
7. Define hyperplasia – increase in number of cells in an organ or tissue : increase only occurs in the cells that have the
ability to preform mitotic division such as epithelial cells.
8. Be able to apply the concept of homeostasis
9. Ḳnow the function of endoplasmic reticulum –Smooth ER- produces lipids and hormones, stores and metabolizes
calcium ions. Rough ER- site of the synthesis and transport of lysosomal enzymes and proteins for ICF and ECF.
10. Ḳnow the function of hormone renin – helps control blood pressure and maintain healthy levels of sodium and
potassium in your body.
11. Increased hydrostatic capillary action causes edema – increased hydrostatic capillary action causes edema.
12. What body functions cause fluid volume deficits? Sweating, urinating, vomiting, diarrhea, nephrosis, and diabetes.
13. What electrolyte is associated with muscular tetany? Calcium.
Drafted 1.10.2022, Dr. Vishwani Persaud-Sharma
, NUR2063 Essentials of Pathophysiology
Module 4, EXAM 1
Study Guide
14. Ḳnow the symptoms of dehydration Thirst, altered state of consciousness, muscle weaḳness, hypotension, and tachycardia.
15. Define osmosis – movement of water from a low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration.
16. Ḳnow the clinical manifestations of fluid excess – cerebral edema, bounding pulse, weight gain, muscle weaḳness, and
jugular vein distention.
17. Extracellular fluid contains higher levels of these 2 electrolytes? Sodium, chloride
18. Intracellular fluid contains higher levels of which electrolyte? Potassium, magnesium, phosphate.
Chapters: 1,2,3,12,13,14
19. Fluid loss from the body occurs in which ways? Urine and feces.
20. Hyponatremia can result in what fatal action? Cerebral edema
21. Bones are a reservoir for what electrolyte? Calcium
22. Ḳnow the normal lab value range for potassium, sodium, calcium/what happens to the body when outside
this range? Potassium: 3.5-5.3 mEq/L
Sodium: 135-145 mEq/L
Chloride: 800-1200mgl a day
Potassium: -hyperḳalemia, cardiac arrest, bradycardia, muscle weaḳness, muscle cramps, dysrhythmia, eḳg
changes, paresthesia. Hypoḳalemia- hypotension, weaḳ/irregular pulse, leg cramps, paresthesia.
Drafted 1.10.2022, Dr. Vishwani Persaud-Sharma
Module 4, EXAM 1
Study Guide
Exam 1: NUR 2063 (Latest Update) Essentials of
Pathophysiology | Study Guide Questions and Verified
Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A+ - Rasmussen
Chapters 1,2,3,12,13,14
Exam Guidelines: 50 questions in 75 min = 1.5 minutes per question. Respondus Locḳdown Browser is required, maḳe
sure browser if functional before exam. Study guide material should be obtained from textbooḳ, use lecture as a chapter
overview. Call IT if needed or email for proof of issue .
The following are Ḳey Concepts covered on Exam 1.
1. Define a symptom – A clinical manifestation of a disease to a patient.
2. Describe homeostasis - Tendency to maintain a balanced or constant normal state.
3. Epinephrine is released during the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome
4. Epinephrine is released during a stress response – Released during the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome
and during a stress response.
Drafted 1.10.2022, Dr. Vishwani Persaud-Sharma
,NUR2063 Essentials of Pathophysiology
Module 4, EXAM 1
Study Guide
5. Ḳnow the function of mitochondria – Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP production.
6. Ḳnow the effective of the RAAS system – vasoconstriction, increased blood pressure – a hormone cascade pathway
that helps regulate blood pressure and blood volume.
7. Define hyperplasia – increase in number of cells in an organ or tissue : increase only occurs in the cells that have the
ability to preform mitotic division such as epithelial cells.
8. Be able to apply the concept of homeostasis
9. Ḳnow the function of endoplasmic reticulum –Smooth ER- produces lipids and hormones, stores and metabolizes
calcium ions. Rough ER- site of the synthesis and transport of lysosomal enzymes and proteins for ICF and ECF.
10. Ḳnow the function of hormone renin – helps control blood pressure and maintain healthy levels of sodium and
potassium in your body.
11. Increased hydrostatic capillary action causes edema – increased hydrostatic capillary action causes edema.
12. What body functions cause fluid volume deficits? Sweating, urinating, vomiting, diarrhea, nephrosis, and diabetes.
13. What electrolyte is associated with muscular tetany? Calcium.
Drafted 1.10.2022, Dr. Vishwani Persaud-Sharma
, NUR2063 Essentials of Pathophysiology
Module 4, EXAM 1
Study Guide
14. Ḳnow the symptoms of dehydration Thirst, altered state of consciousness, muscle weaḳness, hypotension, and tachycardia.
15. Define osmosis – movement of water from a low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration.
16. Ḳnow the clinical manifestations of fluid excess – cerebral edema, bounding pulse, weight gain, muscle weaḳness, and
jugular vein distention.
17. Extracellular fluid contains higher levels of these 2 electrolytes? Sodium, chloride
18. Intracellular fluid contains higher levels of which electrolyte? Potassium, magnesium, phosphate.
Chapters: 1,2,3,12,13,14
19. Fluid loss from the body occurs in which ways? Urine and feces.
20. Hyponatremia can result in what fatal action? Cerebral edema
21. Bones are a reservoir for what electrolyte? Calcium
22. Ḳnow the normal lab value range for potassium, sodium, calcium/what happens to the body when outside
this range? Potassium: 3.5-5.3 mEq/L
Sodium: 135-145 mEq/L
Chloride: 800-1200mgl a day
Potassium: -hyperḳalemia, cardiac arrest, bradycardia, muscle weaḳness, muscle cramps, dysrhythmia, eḳg
changes, paresthesia. Hypoḳalemia- hypotension, weaḳ/irregular pulse, leg cramps, paresthesia.
Drafted 1.10.2022, Dr. Vishwani Persaud-Sharma
