ART HISTORY 1 UNIT 2 MILESTONE FINAL PAPER
2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
◉ Virgin and child between Saints Theodore and George
Early Byzantine Europe. Six or early seventh century C.E. Encastic on
wood.
The composition displays a spatial ambiguity that places the scene
in a world that operates differently from our world. The ambiguity
allows the scene to partake of the viewer's world but also separates
the scene from the normal world. Answer:
◉ Lindisfarne Gospels: St. Matthew, cross-carpet page; St. Luke
portrait page; St Luke incipit page
Early medieval (Hiberno Saxon) Europe. c. 700 C.E. Illuminated
manuscript (ink, pigment, and gold)
The variety and splendor of the Lindisfarne Gospels are such that
even in reproduction, its images astound. Artistic expression and
inspired execution make this codex a high point of early medieval
art. Answer:
◉ Great Mosque
Cordoba, Spain. Umayyad. c. 785-786 C.E. Stone masonry
,The Great Mosque of Cordoba is a prime example of the Muslim
world's ability to brilliantly develop architectural styles based on
pre-existing regional traditions. It is built with recycled ancient
Roman columns from which sprout a striking combination of two-
tiered, symmetrical arches, formed of stone and red brick. Answer:
◉ Pyxis of al-Mughira
Umayyad. c. 968 C.E. Ivory
The Pyxis of al-Mughira, now in the Louvre, is among the best
surviving examples of the royal ivory carving tradition in Al-Andalus
(Islamic Spain). It was probably fashioned in the Madinat al-Zahra
workshops and its intricate and exceptional carving set it apart from
many other examples; it also contains an inscription and figurative
work which are important for understanding the traditions of ivory
carving and Islamic art in Al-Andalus. Answer:
◉ Church of Sainte-Foy
Conques, France. Romanesque Europe. Church: c. 1050-1130 C.E.;
Reliuary of Saint Foy: ninth century C.E.; with later additions. Stone
(architecture); stone and paint (tympanum); gold, silver, gemstone,
and enamel over wood (reliquary)
One can see some of the most fabulous golden religious objects in
France, including the very famous gold and jewel-encrusted
reliquary statue of St. Foy. The Church of Saint Foy at Conques
provides an excellent example of Romanesque art and architecture
Answer:
,◉ Bayeux Tapestry
Romanesque Europe. c. 1066-1080 C.E. Embroidery on linen
The Bayeux Tapestry has been much used as a source for
illustrations of daily life in early medieval Europe. It depicts a total of
1515 different objects, animals and persons . Dress, arms, ships,
towers, cities, halls, churches, horse trappings, regal insignia,
ploughs, harrows, tableware, possible armorial changes, banners,
hunting horns, axes, adzes, barrels, carts, wagons, reliquaries, biers,
spits and spades are among the many items depicted Answer:
◉ Chartres Cathedral
Chartres, France. Gothic Europe. Orignal construction. c. 1145-1115
C.E.; reconstructed c. 1194-1220 C.E. Limestone, stained glass
The Chartres Cathedral is probably the finest example of French
Gothic architecture and said by some to be the most beautiful
cathedral in France. The Chartres Cathedral is a milestone in the
development of Western architecture because it employs all the
structural elements of the new Gothic architecture: the pointed arch;
the rib-and-panel vault; and, most significantly, the flying buttress.
Answer:
◉ Dedication Page with Blanche of Castle and King Louis IX of
France, Scenes from the Apocolypse from Bibles moralisees.
Gothic Europe. c. 1225-1245 C.E. Illuminated manuscript
, This 13th century illumination, both dazzling and edifying,
represents the cutting edge of lavishness in a society that embraced
conspicuous consumption. As a pedagogical tool, perhaps it played
no small part in helping Louis IX achieve the status of sainthood,
awarded by Pope Bonifiace VIII 27 years after the king's death.
Answer:
◉ Rottgen Pieta
Late medieval Europe (Germany). c. 1300-1325 C.E. Painted wood
The statue's bold emotionalism in Mary and Jesus's face. If we focus
on Mary's face, there is a mix of emotions in her gaze. The artist
humanizes Mary by giving her strong emotions. Mary's face looks
appalled and anguished because of her son's death, and there is also
a sense of shock, and awe that anyone would kill her son- the Son of
God. The artist had exaggerated Mary's sorrow in attempts to make
it seem she was asking the viewer. Answer:
◉ Arena (Scrovengni) Chapel, including Lamentation
Padus, Italy. Unknown architect; Giotto di Bonde (artist). Chapel: c.
1303 C.E.; Fresco: c. 1305. Brick (architecture) and fresco
Giotto painted his artwork on the walls and ceiling of the Chapel
using the fresco method in which water based colors are painted
onto wet plaster. Painting onto wet plaster allows the paint to be
infused into the plaster creating a very durable artwork. However,
since the painter must stop when the plaster dries it requires the
artist to work quickly and flawlessly Answer:
2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
◉ Virgin and child between Saints Theodore and George
Early Byzantine Europe. Six or early seventh century C.E. Encastic on
wood.
The composition displays a spatial ambiguity that places the scene
in a world that operates differently from our world. The ambiguity
allows the scene to partake of the viewer's world but also separates
the scene from the normal world. Answer:
◉ Lindisfarne Gospels: St. Matthew, cross-carpet page; St. Luke
portrait page; St Luke incipit page
Early medieval (Hiberno Saxon) Europe. c. 700 C.E. Illuminated
manuscript (ink, pigment, and gold)
The variety and splendor of the Lindisfarne Gospels are such that
even in reproduction, its images astound. Artistic expression and
inspired execution make this codex a high point of early medieval
art. Answer:
◉ Great Mosque
Cordoba, Spain. Umayyad. c. 785-786 C.E. Stone masonry
,The Great Mosque of Cordoba is a prime example of the Muslim
world's ability to brilliantly develop architectural styles based on
pre-existing regional traditions. It is built with recycled ancient
Roman columns from which sprout a striking combination of two-
tiered, symmetrical arches, formed of stone and red brick. Answer:
◉ Pyxis of al-Mughira
Umayyad. c. 968 C.E. Ivory
The Pyxis of al-Mughira, now in the Louvre, is among the best
surviving examples of the royal ivory carving tradition in Al-Andalus
(Islamic Spain). It was probably fashioned in the Madinat al-Zahra
workshops and its intricate and exceptional carving set it apart from
many other examples; it also contains an inscription and figurative
work which are important for understanding the traditions of ivory
carving and Islamic art in Al-Andalus. Answer:
◉ Church of Sainte-Foy
Conques, France. Romanesque Europe. Church: c. 1050-1130 C.E.;
Reliuary of Saint Foy: ninth century C.E.; with later additions. Stone
(architecture); stone and paint (tympanum); gold, silver, gemstone,
and enamel over wood (reliquary)
One can see some of the most fabulous golden religious objects in
France, including the very famous gold and jewel-encrusted
reliquary statue of St. Foy. The Church of Saint Foy at Conques
provides an excellent example of Romanesque art and architecture
Answer:
,◉ Bayeux Tapestry
Romanesque Europe. c. 1066-1080 C.E. Embroidery on linen
The Bayeux Tapestry has been much used as a source for
illustrations of daily life in early medieval Europe. It depicts a total of
1515 different objects, animals and persons . Dress, arms, ships,
towers, cities, halls, churches, horse trappings, regal insignia,
ploughs, harrows, tableware, possible armorial changes, banners,
hunting horns, axes, adzes, barrels, carts, wagons, reliquaries, biers,
spits and spades are among the many items depicted Answer:
◉ Chartres Cathedral
Chartres, France. Gothic Europe. Orignal construction. c. 1145-1115
C.E.; reconstructed c. 1194-1220 C.E. Limestone, stained glass
The Chartres Cathedral is probably the finest example of French
Gothic architecture and said by some to be the most beautiful
cathedral in France. The Chartres Cathedral is a milestone in the
development of Western architecture because it employs all the
structural elements of the new Gothic architecture: the pointed arch;
the rib-and-panel vault; and, most significantly, the flying buttress.
Answer:
◉ Dedication Page with Blanche of Castle and King Louis IX of
France, Scenes from the Apocolypse from Bibles moralisees.
Gothic Europe. c. 1225-1245 C.E. Illuminated manuscript
, This 13th century illumination, both dazzling and edifying,
represents the cutting edge of lavishness in a society that embraced
conspicuous consumption. As a pedagogical tool, perhaps it played
no small part in helping Louis IX achieve the status of sainthood,
awarded by Pope Bonifiace VIII 27 years after the king's death.
Answer:
◉ Rottgen Pieta
Late medieval Europe (Germany). c. 1300-1325 C.E. Painted wood
The statue's bold emotionalism in Mary and Jesus's face. If we focus
on Mary's face, there is a mix of emotions in her gaze. The artist
humanizes Mary by giving her strong emotions. Mary's face looks
appalled and anguished because of her son's death, and there is also
a sense of shock, and awe that anyone would kill her son- the Son of
God. The artist had exaggerated Mary's sorrow in attempts to make
it seem she was asking the viewer. Answer:
◉ Arena (Scrovengni) Chapel, including Lamentation
Padus, Italy. Unknown architect; Giotto di Bonde (artist). Chapel: c.
1303 C.E.; Fresco: c. 1305. Brick (architecture) and fresco
Giotto painted his artwork on the walls and ceiling of the Chapel
using the fresco method in which water based colors are painted
onto wet plaster. Painting onto wet plaster allows the paint to be
infused into the plaster creating a very durable artwork. However,
since the painter must stop when the plaster dries it requires the
artist to work quickly and flawlessly Answer:
