Evolve HESI PEDIATRICS Practice Exam ||Verified
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The nurse is assessing an infant with diarrhea and
lethargy. Which finding should the nurse identify that is
consistent with early dehydration?
a. Tachycardia.
b. Bradycardia.
c. Dry mucous membranes.
d. Increased skin turgor. - Answers-a. Tachycardia.
In early dehydration (during the first 2 days), fluid loss
occurs first from the extracellular and intravascular fluid
spaces. Blood pressure falls and heart rate increases in
response to a diminished blood volume.
When conducting a hygiene class for adolescent girls, it is
important for the nurse to include which instruction about
preventing toxic shock syndrome?
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a. Wash your hands before inserting a tampon.
b. Use super absorbent tampons.
c. Wear cotton underwear.
d. Douche following menstruation. - Answers-a. Wash your
hands before inserting a tampon.
The single most effective means of preventing infection is
handwashing.
The nurse is caring for an irritable, lethargic 18-month-old
child who swallowed several over-the-counter (OTC)
antihistamine tablets an hour ago. Which intervention
should the nurse implement?
a. Initiate gastric lavage.
b. Administer naloxone.
c. Give a dose of ipecac syrup.
d. Encourage oral intake of water or milk. - Answers-a.
Initiate gastric lavage.
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Gastric lavage should be implemented within 2 hours of
ingestion to ensure gastric removal of a noncorrosive
substance, such as an OTC antihistamine.
Which sign of malignant hyperthermia should the nurse
assess for during the perioperative period in a child
receiving general anesthesia?
a. Apnea.
b. Tachypnea.
c. Bradycardia.
d. Decreased blood pressure. - Answers-b. Tachypnea.
Malignant hyperthermia, a potentially fatal autosomal
genetic myopathy, can cause a change in vital signs that
demands immediate attention in the perioperative period
when these individuals are exposed to anesthetic agents.
Early symptoms of the disorder include tachycardia and
tachyarrhythmia, tachypnea, hypercarbia, and metabolic
and respiratory acidosis. An elevated temperature is a late
sign of the disorder.
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A child with a penetrating eye injury comes to the school
clinic. Which action should the nurse implement?
a. Remove the object impaled in the eye and then apply a
regular eye patch.
b. Place an ice bag over the eye until the healthcare
provider is seen
c. .Irrigate the affected eye copiously with a cool sterile
saline solution.
d. Apply a Fox shield to the affected eye and any type of
patch to the other eye. - Answers-d. Apply a Fox shield to
the affected eye and any type of patch to the other eye.
The treatment for a penetrating eye injury is not to remove
or manipulate the impaled object, but to apply a Fox shield
over the eye, if available (not a regular eye patch). Place
an eye patch over the unaffected eye to prevent bilateral
eye movement. The child should be transported to the
emergency department immediately. If a Fox shield is not
available, tape a paper cup over the eye and object.
The nurse is triaging a child with a fever brought to the
emergency department by the parents. Which finding
requires the nurse's immediate intervention?