SURGICAL PROCEDURES 2 – QUIZ 4 & 5:
ENT 1 (EARS & NOSE) HIGH-YIELD
REVIEW
What structures make up the external ear?
- Auricle/Pinna
- External Canal
- Tympanic Membrane
What is the term for the actual ear itself and directs sound waves into the ear?
Auricle/Pinna
-made of elastic cartilage
What is found in the external canal, and what do they do?
- Cilia (hair)
- Cerumen (wax)
- These help keep things out of the ear/protection
conducts sound waves from external environment to TM?
external canal
What serves as the divider between the external and middle ear?
Tympanic Membrane
vibrates freely when struck with sound waves and transmits the sound vibrations from the air to
ossicles (amplify the sound)?
Tympanic membrane
What does the middle ear start with?
, The back of the tympanic membrane
What structures make up the middle ear?
- 3 Ossicles
- Round Window
- Eustachian Tube
What 3 bones make up the ossicle bones?
1. Malleus (hammer)
2. Incus (anvil)
3. Stapes (saddle)
What does the Eustachian tube connect and do?
- Connects the ear and nose (connects to the nasopharynx)
- It helps with equilibrium and balance
-allows pressure to equilize on both sides of TM
What structures make up the inner ear?
- Cochlear
- Vestibular Labyrinth AKA Semicircular canals
What are the receptors found in the cochlear and what do they do?
- Hair cells
- stimulate acoustic nerve
What are the 2 types of deafness?
1. Conduction Deafness
2. Perceptive Hearing Loss
What causes perceptive hearing loss?
Inner ear nerve damage (damage to Cranial Nerve VIII - Vestibulocochlear Nerve)
What, in general, causes conduction deafness?
A mechanical obstruction blocking hearing because of damage
-treated w/ sx
What are the 4 different things that can cause conduction deafness?
1. Otosclerosis
2. Trauma to the tympanic nerve
3. Infections like otitis media and mastoiditis
4. ET blockages
What are the 2 surgical approaches for ear surgery? Describe them.
ENT 1 (EARS & NOSE) HIGH-YIELD
REVIEW
What structures make up the external ear?
- Auricle/Pinna
- External Canal
- Tympanic Membrane
What is the term for the actual ear itself and directs sound waves into the ear?
Auricle/Pinna
-made of elastic cartilage
What is found in the external canal, and what do they do?
- Cilia (hair)
- Cerumen (wax)
- These help keep things out of the ear/protection
conducts sound waves from external environment to TM?
external canal
What serves as the divider between the external and middle ear?
Tympanic Membrane
vibrates freely when struck with sound waves and transmits the sound vibrations from the air to
ossicles (amplify the sound)?
Tympanic membrane
What does the middle ear start with?
, The back of the tympanic membrane
What structures make up the middle ear?
- 3 Ossicles
- Round Window
- Eustachian Tube
What 3 bones make up the ossicle bones?
1. Malleus (hammer)
2. Incus (anvil)
3. Stapes (saddle)
What does the Eustachian tube connect and do?
- Connects the ear and nose (connects to the nasopharynx)
- It helps with equilibrium and balance
-allows pressure to equilize on both sides of TM
What structures make up the inner ear?
- Cochlear
- Vestibular Labyrinth AKA Semicircular canals
What are the receptors found in the cochlear and what do they do?
- Hair cells
- stimulate acoustic nerve
What are the 2 types of deafness?
1. Conduction Deafness
2. Perceptive Hearing Loss
What causes perceptive hearing loss?
Inner ear nerve damage (damage to Cranial Nerve VIII - Vestibulocochlear Nerve)
What, in general, causes conduction deafness?
A mechanical obstruction blocking hearing because of damage
-treated w/ sx
What are the 4 different things that can cause conduction deafness?
1. Otosclerosis
2. Trauma to the tympanic nerve
3. Infections like otitis media and mastoiditis
4. ET blockages
What are the 2 surgical approaches for ear surgery? Describe them.
