Nutrition Exam Study Guide
1. nutrition is essential for: : - growth and development
- tissue maintenance and repair
- cellular metabolism
- organ function
2. what does medication nutrition therapy do?: uses nutrition therapy and counseling to manage diseases
3. carbohydrates (composition and # kcal/gram): carbon, hydrogen, oxygen 4 kcal/gram
4. proteins (composition and # kcal/gram): amino acid consisting of hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, and nitrogen
4 kcal/gram
5. fats (composition and # kcal/gram): triglycerides and fatty acids 9 kcal/gram
6. which nutrient is the main source of energy?: carbohydrates
7. which nutrient is essential for growth, maintenance, and repair of body tissue?:
proteins
8. water is % of our body weight: 60-70
9. fat soluble vitamins: A, D, E, K
10. water soluble vitamins: B and C
11. what are minerals: inorganic elements essential to the body as catalysts in biochemical reactions
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, 12. what is digestion: breakdown that results from chewing, churning, and mixing with fluid and chemical reactions
in which food reduces to its simplest form
13. where does digestion occur: mouth, stomach, small intestine
14. what are the means of nutrient absorption in the body?: passive diffusion, osmosis, active
transport, pinocytosis
15. what are the 3 main processes of metabolism?: 1. catabolism of glycogen into glucose, CO2, and water
(glycogenolysis)
2. anabolism of glucose into glycogen for storage (glycogenesis)
3. catabolism of amino acids and glucerol into glucose for energy (gluconeogenesis)
16. how does the body perform elimination?: chyme moves by peristaltic action through the ileocecal
valve into the large intsetine where it becomes feces
17. what are the dietary reference intakes (DRIs)?: acceptable range of quantities of vitamins and
minerals for each gender and age group
18. how does the environment affect nutrition?: proximity to grocery stores and healthy restau- rants
19. what considerations do we have to remember about older patients nutri- tion?: -
fewer/weaker teeth
- lower appetite
- they don't like to prepare it
20. how should we introduce solid foods to infants?: one at a time so we can check for allergies
21. what do we need to be concerned with for patients on a vegan diet?: protein
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1. nutrition is essential for: : - growth and development
- tissue maintenance and repair
- cellular metabolism
- organ function
2. what does medication nutrition therapy do?: uses nutrition therapy and counseling to manage diseases
3. carbohydrates (composition and # kcal/gram): carbon, hydrogen, oxygen 4 kcal/gram
4. proteins (composition and # kcal/gram): amino acid consisting of hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, and nitrogen
4 kcal/gram
5. fats (composition and # kcal/gram): triglycerides and fatty acids 9 kcal/gram
6. which nutrient is the main source of energy?: carbohydrates
7. which nutrient is essential for growth, maintenance, and repair of body tissue?:
proteins
8. water is % of our body weight: 60-70
9. fat soluble vitamins: A, D, E, K
10. water soluble vitamins: B and C
11. what are minerals: inorganic elements essential to the body as catalysts in biochemical reactions
1
, 12. what is digestion: breakdown that results from chewing, churning, and mixing with fluid and chemical reactions
in which food reduces to its simplest form
13. where does digestion occur: mouth, stomach, small intestine
14. what are the means of nutrient absorption in the body?: passive diffusion, osmosis, active
transport, pinocytosis
15. what are the 3 main processes of metabolism?: 1. catabolism of glycogen into glucose, CO2, and water
(glycogenolysis)
2. anabolism of glucose into glycogen for storage (glycogenesis)
3. catabolism of amino acids and glucerol into glucose for energy (gluconeogenesis)
16. how does the body perform elimination?: chyme moves by peristaltic action through the ileocecal
valve into the large intsetine where it becomes feces
17. what are the dietary reference intakes (DRIs)?: acceptable range of quantities of vitamins and
minerals for each gender and age group
18. how does the environment affect nutrition?: proximity to grocery stores and healthy restau- rants
19. what considerations do we have to remember about older patients nutri- tion?: -
fewer/weaker teeth
- lower appetite
- they don't like to prepare it
20. how should we introduce solid foods to infants?: one at a time so we can check for allergies
21. what do we need to be concerned with for patients on a vegan diet?: protein
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