Students with Disabilities CST NYSTCE
Exam Questions with Correct Answers
1. Deaf-blindness - ANSWER Both hearing and visual impairments usually
occurs at birth (congenital) but may be acquired through illness or injury.
2. Deafness - ANSWER extreme hearing impairment. Congenital or
adventitious
3. Emotional Disturbance - ANSWER demonstrates characteristics over a
period of time. Inability to learn that cannot be attributed to other facts, such
as intellectual or sensory deficits, or health problems, an inability to build or
sustain satisfactory personal relationships with others; feelings or behaviors
that ordinarily inappropriate, pervasive unhappiness or depression; and and a
tendency to develop physical symptoms or fears related to personal
problems or problems at school. (Ex. Anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, and
depression).
4. Hearing impairment - ANSWER impairment in hearing that undermines
educational performance but is not severe enough to be classified as
deafness. Can be congenital/ adventitious.
5. Intellectual Disability - ANSWER intellectual ability that is below average
with adaptive behavior- which affects educational performance. (Ex. Mental
retardation- and impairment in social competence and independence. Down
Syndrome)
6. Multiple disabilities - ANSWER Combo of disabilities that is so severe the
student can’t benefit sufficiently from programs or services that are designed
just for one disability
,7. Orthopedic impairment - ANSWER Musculoskeletal problems (Cerebral
palsy, Polio, and amputations)
8. Other health impairments - ANSWER health problems affecting strength,
energy, or alertness that impacts the student's educational performance (ex.
Leukemia, epilepsy, diabetes, asthma, lupus, sickle cell anemia)
9. Learning Disability - ANSWER problems with the ability to comprehend or
produce information when performing academic task (Dyslexia, dyscalculia,
and minimal brain dysfunction) "Specific LD" indicated that this disability is
restricted to particular school subjects or tasks. Only impaired in a certain
skill
10.Speech or Language impairment - ANSWER communication disorders that
impact the student’s educational performance (articulation disorders,
stuttering and mutism).
11.Traumatic brain injury - ANSWER an acquired injury to the brain that
undermines the student's educational performance. Depending on the
severity of the injury, traumatic brain injury may have impairments in
physical, behavioral, cognitive, social, and or emotional function.
12.Visual impairment - ANSWER visual problems even after surgery or
corrective lenses.
13.Learning and instructional strategies- how do students with disabilities
learn? - ANSWER Develop appropriate instruction and curricular
modifications
maintain an academic focus
,holding high expectations for students' academic performance and behavior
making students accountable for their work and classroom behavior.
creating a positive, cooperative classroom atmosphere.
differentiating instruction accord to individual student characteristics.
monitoring student behavior and engagement.
14.Mr. Graham is a specialist who works with students who have special needs.
You observe Mr. Graham and he is working with a group of students on the
tasks of cutting with scissors, holding a pencil, and writing sentences using
the same hand without switching to another hand. Mr. Graham is the
A. special education teacher
B. physical therapist
C. occupational therapist
D. motor planning specialist - ANSWER (C) Mr. Graham is the
occupational therapist. Some students with disabilities have fine
motor issues. He is working on these skills including crossing midline.
15.Which is an example of an unmet need that can be addressed prior to the
referral process?
A. conducting a formal assessment to pinpoint the student's reading
capabilities
B. creating an IEP with goals for the student
, C. selecting related services that the student will receive
D. providing assistance to help the student increase his attendance rate -
ANSWER (D) (A), (B), and (C) are actions that take place after the
referral process and are not unmet needs. Helping the student improve
attendance is a need that should be addressed prior to asking if the
difficulty in school is related to a disability.
16.Which of the following is the best example of a chronic behavioral pattern
that is problematic?
A. Taylor throws chairs to express her anger concerning her parent's
divorce
B. Sal gets into fights when he is attacked
C. Kelly cannot verbally sound out digraphs when reading aloud
D. Shawn is sometimes late to school because he misses the buses -
ANSWER (C) Kelly's behavior is chronic and problematic because it
impedes reading. The behaviors of Taylor, Sal, and Shawn are in
response to a specific event and are not chronic.
17.The first step in addressing an identified unmet need is to
A. refer the student for special education
B. set up counseling
Exam Questions with Correct Answers
1. Deaf-blindness - ANSWER Both hearing and visual impairments usually
occurs at birth (congenital) but may be acquired through illness or injury.
2. Deafness - ANSWER extreme hearing impairment. Congenital or
adventitious
3. Emotional Disturbance - ANSWER demonstrates characteristics over a
period of time. Inability to learn that cannot be attributed to other facts, such
as intellectual or sensory deficits, or health problems, an inability to build or
sustain satisfactory personal relationships with others; feelings or behaviors
that ordinarily inappropriate, pervasive unhappiness or depression; and and a
tendency to develop physical symptoms or fears related to personal
problems or problems at school. (Ex. Anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, and
depression).
4. Hearing impairment - ANSWER impairment in hearing that undermines
educational performance but is not severe enough to be classified as
deafness. Can be congenital/ adventitious.
5. Intellectual Disability - ANSWER intellectual ability that is below average
with adaptive behavior- which affects educational performance. (Ex. Mental
retardation- and impairment in social competence and independence. Down
Syndrome)
6. Multiple disabilities - ANSWER Combo of disabilities that is so severe the
student can’t benefit sufficiently from programs or services that are designed
just for one disability
,7. Orthopedic impairment - ANSWER Musculoskeletal problems (Cerebral
palsy, Polio, and amputations)
8. Other health impairments - ANSWER health problems affecting strength,
energy, or alertness that impacts the student's educational performance (ex.
Leukemia, epilepsy, diabetes, asthma, lupus, sickle cell anemia)
9. Learning Disability - ANSWER problems with the ability to comprehend or
produce information when performing academic task (Dyslexia, dyscalculia,
and minimal brain dysfunction) "Specific LD" indicated that this disability is
restricted to particular school subjects or tasks. Only impaired in a certain
skill
10.Speech or Language impairment - ANSWER communication disorders that
impact the student’s educational performance (articulation disorders,
stuttering and mutism).
11.Traumatic brain injury - ANSWER an acquired injury to the brain that
undermines the student's educational performance. Depending on the
severity of the injury, traumatic brain injury may have impairments in
physical, behavioral, cognitive, social, and or emotional function.
12.Visual impairment - ANSWER visual problems even after surgery or
corrective lenses.
13.Learning and instructional strategies- how do students with disabilities
learn? - ANSWER Develop appropriate instruction and curricular
modifications
maintain an academic focus
,holding high expectations for students' academic performance and behavior
making students accountable for their work and classroom behavior.
creating a positive, cooperative classroom atmosphere.
differentiating instruction accord to individual student characteristics.
monitoring student behavior and engagement.
14.Mr. Graham is a specialist who works with students who have special needs.
You observe Mr. Graham and he is working with a group of students on the
tasks of cutting with scissors, holding a pencil, and writing sentences using
the same hand without switching to another hand. Mr. Graham is the
A. special education teacher
B. physical therapist
C. occupational therapist
D. motor planning specialist - ANSWER (C) Mr. Graham is the
occupational therapist. Some students with disabilities have fine
motor issues. He is working on these skills including crossing midline.
15.Which is an example of an unmet need that can be addressed prior to the
referral process?
A. conducting a formal assessment to pinpoint the student's reading
capabilities
B. creating an IEP with goals for the student
, C. selecting related services that the student will receive
D. providing assistance to help the student increase his attendance rate -
ANSWER (D) (A), (B), and (C) are actions that take place after the
referral process and are not unmet needs. Helping the student improve
attendance is a need that should be addressed prior to asking if the
difficulty in school is related to a disability.
16.Which of the following is the best example of a chronic behavioral pattern
that is problematic?
A. Taylor throws chairs to express her anger concerning her parent's
divorce
B. Sal gets into fights when he is attacked
C. Kelly cannot verbally sound out digraphs when reading aloud
D. Shawn is sometimes late to school because he misses the buses -
ANSWER (C) Kelly's behavior is chronic and problematic because it
impedes reading. The behaviors of Taylor, Sal, and Shawn are in
response to a specific event and are not chronic.
17.The first step in addressing an identified unmet need is to
A. refer the student for special education
B. set up counseling
