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KIN 3304 – Exam 2 Study Guide: Chapters
4–7 Questions with Complete Solutions
(2026/2027)
1. The only direct bony attachment of the upper extremity to the axial
skeleton is through which articulation?
A. Glenohumeral joint
B. Acromioclavicular joint
C. Sternoclavicular joint
D. Scapulothoracic articulation
CORRECT ANSWER: C
Rationale: The sternoclavicular (SC) joint, where the clavicle meets the
sternum, is the only true bony connection linking the pectoral girdle
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(and thus the entire upper limb) to the axial skeleton. All other
connections are muscular or ligamentous.
2. Which of the following is NOT a bone of the shoulder girdle?
A. Scapula
B. Clavicle
C. Humerus
D. Sternum
CORRECT ANSWER: D
Rationale: The shoulder (or pectoral) girdle consists of the scapula and
clavicle. The humerus is the bone of the upper arm. The sternum is part
of the axial skeleton.
3. The prominent bony landmark of the scapula that articulates with
the clavicle is the:
A. Coracoid process
B. Glenoid fossa
C. Acromion process
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D. Inferior angle
CORRECT ANSWER: C
Rationale: The acromion process is the lateral, flattened projection of
the scapular spine. It articulates with the acromial end of the clavicle to
form the acromioclavicular (AC) joint.
4. The glenohumeral joint is anatomically classified as which type of
joint?
A. Hinge (ginglymus)
B. Pivot (trochoid)
C. Ball-and-socket (enarthrodial)
D. Plane (arthrodial)
CORRECT ANSWER: C
Rationale: The glenohumeral joint is a multiaxial ball-and-socket
(enarthrodial) joint formed by the articulation of the head of the
humerus with the shallow glenoid fossa of the scapula, allowing a wide
range of motion.
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5. Which movement of the scapula is characterized by the glenoid
fossa turning upward and the inferior angle moving laterally away
from the spinal column?
A. Elevation
B. Depression
C. Upward rotation
D. Downward rotation
CORRECT ANSWER: C
Rationale: Upward rotation of the scapula occurs when the glenoid
cavity tilts upward, typically to assist in raising the arm overhead. The
inferior angle moves laterally and superiorly.
6. The trapezius muscle performs all of the following actions on the
scapula EXCEPT:
A. Elevation (upper fibers)
B. Depression (lower fibers)
C. Retraction (middle fibers)
KIN 3304 – Exam 2 Study Guide: Chapters
4–7 Questions with Complete Solutions
(2026/2027)
1. The only direct bony attachment of the upper extremity to the axial
skeleton is through which articulation?
A. Glenohumeral joint
B. Acromioclavicular joint
C. Sternoclavicular joint
D. Scapulothoracic articulation
CORRECT ANSWER: C
Rationale: The sternoclavicular (SC) joint, where the clavicle meets the
sternum, is the only true bony connection linking the pectoral girdle
,2|Page
(and thus the entire upper limb) to the axial skeleton. All other
connections are muscular or ligamentous.
2. Which of the following is NOT a bone of the shoulder girdle?
A. Scapula
B. Clavicle
C. Humerus
D. Sternum
CORRECT ANSWER: D
Rationale: The shoulder (or pectoral) girdle consists of the scapula and
clavicle. The humerus is the bone of the upper arm. The sternum is part
of the axial skeleton.
3. The prominent bony landmark of the scapula that articulates with
the clavicle is the:
A. Coracoid process
B. Glenoid fossa
C. Acromion process
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D. Inferior angle
CORRECT ANSWER: C
Rationale: The acromion process is the lateral, flattened projection of
the scapular spine. It articulates with the acromial end of the clavicle to
form the acromioclavicular (AC) joint.
4. The glenohumeral joint is anatomically classified as which type of
joint?
A. Hinge (ginglymus)
B. Pivot (trochoid)
C. Ball-and-socket (enarthrodial)
D. Plane (arthrodial)
CORRECT ANSWER: C
Rationale: The glenohumeral joint is a multiaxial ball-and-socket
(enarthrodial) joint formed by the articulation of the head of the
humerus with the shallow glenoid fossa of the scapula, allowing a wide
range of motion.
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5. Which movement of the scapula is characterized by the glenoid
fossa turning upward and the inferior angle moving laterally away
from the spinal column?
A. Elevation
B. Depression
C. Upward rotation
D. Downward rotation
CORRECT ANSWER: C
Rationale: Upward rotation of the scapula occurs when the glenoid
cavity tilts upward, typically to assist in raising the arm overhead. The
inferior angle moves laterally and superiorly.
6. The trapezius muscle performs all of the following actions on the
scapula EXCEPT:
A. Elevation (upper fibers)
B. Depression (lower fibers)
C. Retraction (middle fibers)
