BIOD 152 Exam 8 comprehensive Q&A
2025-2026 Revised
mastication - Answer breaks down large pieces of food into smaller ones that are mixed with saliva,
forming a soft, flexible mass called a bolus that is easily swallowed
chyme - Answer soupy mixture of food and gastric juices formed from back and forth movements from
peristaltic waves
segmentation - Answer is due to alternating contractions of the circular muscles that causes back and
forth movements of the small intestine that brings food particles in contact with absorptive cells
how does mechanical digestion enhance the speed of chemical digestion? - Answer by creating a
greater surface area for digestive enzymes to do their work
chemical digestion - Answer digestive enzymes breaking the bonds of the food macromolecules
starch - carbohydrate - Answer is digested into disaccharides (two sugar) and monosaccharides (one)
by the action of specific enzymes called amylases
lipids (macromolecules) are catabolized to - Answer glycerol and fatty acids by the enzyme lipase
proteases digest - Answer proteins into peptides and amino acids
peptidases digest - Answer peptides into amino acids
enzymes - Answer large protein molecules produced by cells of the body - they are special biological
catalysts that act on specific substrates to produce products
- Answer none
, salivary amylase - Answer - mouth
- starches (polysaccharides)
- shorter polysaccharides and maltose
lingual lipase - Answer - mouth, but it is not active in the mouth
gastric lipase - Answer - stomach
- triglycerides (fats and oils)
- fatty acids and monoglycerides
pepsin (secreted as pepsinogen and converted to pepsin by HCl) - Answer - stomach
- proteins
- peptides
lingual lipase (activated by HCl; limited action) - Answer - stomach
- triglycerides
- fatty acids and diglycerides
amylase (major pancreatic juice enzymes) - Answer - small intestine
- starches
- disaccharides and shorter polysaccharides
trypsin and other proteases (major pancreatic juice enzymes) - Answer - small intestine
- proteins
- peptides
lipase (major pancreatic juice enzymes) - Answer - small intestine
- triglycerides (fats and oils)
2025-2026 Revised
mastication - Answer breaks down large pieces of food into smaller ones that are mixed with saliva,
forming a soft, flexible mass called a bolus that is easily swallowed
chyme - Answer soupy mixture of food and gastric juices formed from back and forth movements from
peristaltic waves
segmentation - Answer is due to alternating contractions of the circular muscles that causes back and
forth movements of the small intestine that brings food particles in contact with absorptive cells
how does mechanical digestion enhance the speed of chemical digestion? - Answer by creating a
greater surface area for digestive enzymes to do their work
chemical digestion - Answer digestive enzymes breaking the bonds of the food macromolecules
starch - carbohydrate - Answer is digested into disaccharides (two sugar) and monosaccharides (one)
by the action of specific enzymes called amylases
lipids (macromolecules) are catabolized to - Answer glycerol and fatty acids by the enzyme lipase
proteases digest - Answer proteins into peptides and amino acids
peptidases digest - Answer peptides into amino acids
enzymes - Answer large protein molecules produced by cells of the body - they are special biological
catalysts that act on specific substrates to produce products
- Answer none
, salivary amylase - Answer - mouth
- starches (polysaccharides)
- shorter polysaccharides and maltose
lingual lipase - Answer - mouth, but it is not active in the mouth
gastric lipase - Answer - stomach
- triglycerides (fats and oils)
- fatty acids and monoglycerides
pepsin (secreted as pepsinogen and converted to pepsin by HCl) - Answer - stomach
- proteins
- peptides
lingual lipase (activated by HCl; limited action) - Answer - stomach
- triglycerides
- fatty acids and diglycerides
amylase (major pancreatic juice enzymes) - Answer - small intestine
- starches
- disaccharides and shorter polysaccharides
trypsin and other proteases (major pancreatic juice enzymes) - Answer - small intestine
- proteins
- peptides
lipase (major pancreatic juice enzymes) - Answer - small intestine
- triglycerides (fats and oils)
