PSYCH 381-MIDTERM 1 QUESTIONS WITH ACCURATE
ANSWERS
Learning correct answers -Acquiring new information
-a change in behaviour due to experience
Antlion Experiment correct answers LRN:food and sand dropped at the same time
CTR:sand dropped randomly
Results: sandpits for LRN were larger suggesting that they could learn
Shettleworth correct answers -Studied common models used
-rats were more common before, now other mammals and (in)vertebrates used more often
Three R's correct answers Replace, Reduce, Refine
Replace correct answers Find an alternative to animals
-computers trained and neural network made to respond to stimuli the same way a chickadee
would
Reduce correct answers improve experimental designs to find the fewest animals needed
-monitors displayed the same behaviour as a live demonstrator
Refine correct answers techniques to reduce pain and distress
-someone observing behaviour over camera vs. going into room and disturbing animal
Descartes correct answers -dualism
-freewil
-Cartesian Dualism
Cartesian Dualism correct answers Voluntary (mind) and involuntary (reflexes) behaviours
-only humans had voluntary behaviours
Thomas Hobbes correct answers Voluntary behaviour is predictable
Association correct answers -combine complex ideas
Hermann Ebbinghaus correct answers Nonsense syllable
-forgetting curve
Darwin correct answers evolution of physical and psychological abilities
Anthropomorphism correct answers attribution of human characteristics on animals
Elicited Behaviour correct answers -not infinitely flexible
-occurs in response to stimuli
, Reflex correct answers 1. eliciting stimulus
2. corresponding response
Stimulus Pathway correct answers 1. sensory neuron brings in information from the environment
2. interneuron
3. motor neuron causes response
Modal Action Pattern (MAP) correct answers Behavioural response that remains constant being
repeated and will be carried out despite interruption in the behaviour. ie. egg-rolling response
Sign Stimulus correct answers A feature, or combination of features, that elicit a behaviour. ie,
duck head w/ red spot
Sequences of Behaviour correct answers 1. Appetitive Behaviour
2. Consummatory Behaviour
Habituation correct answers Decrease in behaviour after repeated stimulation
Long-Term Habituation correct answers Stimuli are presented spaced over time
Short-term Habituation correct answers Stimuli are presented close together
Spontaneous Recovery correct answers A startle response after a pause in stimuli after
habituation.
-larger recovery with short-term habituation
Functional Habituation correct answers Seal Study
Sensory Adaptation correct answers Reduction in sensitivity of the sense organ after repeated or
excessive exposure
Fatigue correct answers Decrease in behaviour due to repeated or excessive use of muscles
Sensitization Effect correct answers Increase in vigor of behaviour that can result from repeated
presentations of a stimulus or exposure to a strong extraneous stimulus.
Dual-Process Theory of Habituation and Sensitization correct answers -neural process that is
presumed to cause behaviours that are habituation and sensitization effects.
Habituation Process correct answers Stimuli-Response System
-stimulus specific
-always activated when stimulus is present
Sensitization Process correct answers State System
-not always active
-not stimulus specific
ANSWERS
Learning correct answers -Acquiring new information
-a change in behaviour due to experience
Antlion Experiment correct answers LRN:food and sand dropped at the same time
CTR:sand dropped randomly
Results: sandpits for LRN were larger suggesting that they could learn
Shettleworth correct answers -Studied common models used
-rats were more common before, now other mammals and (in)vertebrates used more often
Three R's correct answers Replace, Reduce, Refine
Replace correct answers Find an alternative to animals
-computers trained and neural network made to respond to stimuli the same way a chickadee
would
Reduce correct answers improve experimental designs to find the fewest animals needed
-monitors displayed the same behaviour as a live demonstrator
Refine correct answers techniques to reduce pain and distress
-someone observing behaviour over camera vs. going into room and disturbing animal
Descartes correct answers -dualism
-freewil
-Cartesian Dualism
Cartesian Dualism correct answers Voluntary (mind) and involuntary (reflexes) behaviours
-only humans had voluntary behaviours
Thomas Hobbes correct answers Voluntary behaviour is predictable
Association correct answers -combine complex ideas
Hermann Ebbinghaus correct answers Nonsense syllable
-forgetting curve
Darwin correct answers evolution of physical and psychological abilities
Anthropomorphism correct answers attribution of human characteristics on animals
Elicited Behaviour correct answers -not infinitely flexible
-occurs in response to stimuli
, Reflex correct answers 1. eliciting stimulus
2. corresponding response
Stimulus Pathway correct answers 1. sensory neuron brings in information from the environment
2. interneuron
3. motor neuron causes response
Modal Action Pattern (MAP) correct answers Behavioural response that remains constant being
repeated and will be carried out despite interruption in the behaviour. ie. egg-rolling response
Sign Stimulus correct answers A feature, or combination of features, that elicit a behaviour. ie,
duck head w/ red spot
Sequences of Behaviour correct answers 1. Appetitive Behaviour
2. Consummatory Behaviour
Habituation correct answers Decrease in behaviour after repeated stimulation
Long-Term Habituation correct answers Stimuli are presented spaced over time
Short-term Habituation correct answers Stimuli are presented close together
Spontaneous Recovery correct answers A startle response after a pause in stimuli after
habituation.
-larger recovery with short-term habituation
Functional Habituation correct answers Seal Study
Sensory Adaptation correct answers Reduction in sensitivity of the sense organ after repeated or
excessive exposure
Fatigue correct answers Decrease in behaviour due to repeated or excessive use of muscles
Sensitization Effect correct answers Increase in vigor of behaviour that can result from repeated
presentations of a stimulus or exposure to a strong extraneous stimulus.
Dual-Process Theory of Habituation and Sensitization correct answers -neural process that is
presumed to cause behaviours that are habituation and sensitization effects.
Habituation Process correct answers Stimuli-Response System
-stimulus specific
-always activated when stimulus is present
Sensitization Process correct answers State System
-not always active
-not stimulus specific
