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1. A community health nurse (CHN) is developing a program to reduce childhood obesity.
Which intervention aligns with the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion?
A) Encouraging children to exercise at least 30 minutes daily
B) Partnering with schools to implement healthier lunch policies
C) Providing pamphlets on the risks of obesity
D) Offering weight-loss counseling for overweight children - ANSWER B)
Partnering with schools to implement healthier lunch policies
Rationale: The Ottawa Charter emphasizes "Building Healthy Public Policy," which
involves changing institutional policies to promote health. This intervention creates a
supportive environment for children to make healthier food choices.
2. A nurse is conducting breast cancer screenings in a community health clinic. Which level
of prevention does this represent?
A) Primary Prevention
B) Secondary Prevention
C) Tertiary Prevention
D) Quaternary Prevention - ANSWER B) Secondary Prevention
Rationale: Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and intervention to prevent
disease progression. Screening for breast cancer allows early identification and treatment,
reducing mortality rates.
3. A CHN is working in a low-income community where residents have high rates of
diabetes. Which upstream approach would be most effective?
, A) Providing glucose monitors and medications for diabetics
B) Offering education on healthy eating and portion control
C) Advocating for affordable grocery stores with fresh produce
D) Establishing diabetes support groups in the community - ANSWER C)
Advocating for affordable grocery stores with fresh produce
Rationale: Upstream approaches address root causes of health issues by modifying social
and environmental conditions. Improving access to affordable healthy food prevents
diabetes, rather than just treating it.
4. A local government introduces a program where all pregnant women receive the same
amount of financial aid for prenatal care, regardless of income level. This program
demonstrates:
A) Health Equity
B) Health Equality
C) Upstream Thinking
D) Health Disparities - ANSWER B) Health Equality
Rationale: Health equality provides the same resources to everyone, while equity provides
resources based on need. A more equitable approach would offer greater support to low-
income women who lack access to prenatal care.
5. A CHN notices that recent immigrants in a community are less likely to receive
preventive healthcare services. Which nursing action best promotes health equity?
A) Providing health education sessions on disease prevention
B) Advocating for language interpretation services at clinics
C) Encouraging immigrants to take more responsibility for their health
D) Offering free check-ups at a mobile clinic - ANSWER B) Advocating for
language interpretation services at clinics
Rationale: Health equity means removing barriers to healthcare access. Language barriers
prevent immigrants from using healthcare services effectively. Providing interpretation
services ensures equitable access.
6. A single mother with low income and no health insurance is unable to access prenatal
care. Which social determinant of health is the primary contributor to this issue?
, A) Genetics
B) Personal behavior
C) Economic stability
D) Cultural beliefs - ANSWER C) Economic stability
Rationale: A person's ability to afford healthcare services is strongly linked to economic
stability. Financial hardship can limit access to healthcare, contributing to poor health
outcomes.
7. Which individual is at the highest risk for negative health outcomes based on social
determinants of health?
A) A middle-income office worker with mild hypertension
B) A low-income factory worker living in an area with high air pollution
C) A retired teacher with access to healthcare and social support
D) A college student with a strong family support system - ANSWER B) A low-
income factory worker living in an area with high air pollution
Rationale: This individual faces multiple risk factors, including low income (economic
instability) and environmental exposure to pollution, both of which contribute to poorer
health outcomes.
8. A CHN observes that Indigenous patients at a hospital experience longer wait times and
receive fewer pain medications than non-Indigenous patients. What is the best nursing
action?
A) Educate Indigenous patients on self-advocacy in healthcare settings
B) Discuss concerns with hospital administrators and advocate for policy changes
C) Encourage Indigenous patients to switch hospitals
D) Provide extra pain medication to Indigenous patients - ANSWER B) Discuss
concerns with hospital administrators and advocate for policy changes
Rationale: Systemic racism in healthcare requires policy-level change. Advocacy ensures that
institutional barriers to equitable treatment are addressed.
9. A nurse is developing a program to support homeless individuals with mental health
conditions. Which approach best applies a critical social justice lens?
A) Providing medication and psychiatric counseling
, B) Creating a community center offering housing support and job training
C) Educating individuals on personal responsibility for mental health
D) Encouraging homeless individuals to seek emergency care when needed -
ANSWER B) Creating a community center offering housing support and job
training
Rationale: A critical social justice lens recognizes that systemic barriers (like housing
instability) contribute to health inequities. Addressing root causes is key to long-term
solutions.
10. Which intervention aligns most closely with Primary Health Care (PHC) principles?
A) A walk-in clinic treating minor illnesses
B) A mobile health unit that provides vaccines and health education in low-income
areas
C) A hospital emergency department treating acute injuries
D) A specialty clinic for cancer treatment - ANSWER B) A mobile health unit that
provides vaccines and health education in low-income areas
Rationale: Primary Health Care (PHC) focuses on prevention, health promotion, and
addressing social determinants of health rather than just medical treatment.
11. A nurse is helping a group of unemployed women learn job-seeking skills to improve
financial stability. This intervention best demonstrates:
A) Health education
B) Capacity building
C) Disease prevention
D) Social justice - ANSWER B) Capacity building
Rationale: Capacity building strengthens skills and abilities to improve long-term well-being.
12. A CHN wants to empower a low-income community to advocate for safer housing
conditions. Which approach best supports empowerment?
A) Providing handouts on tenant rights
B) Organizing community meetings where residents plan advocacy strategies
C) Asking local leaders to address the housing issue