Help You Ace 2026-2027 Includes Frequently
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1. What is a community development? - ANSWER Involves members of a community
collectively participate in identifying health issues, set priorities, develop interventions,
and implement them
Both a process and an outcome.
2. What is community empowerment process? - ANSWER Empowering interactions
and actions within the community and in relation to broader society
3. What is community empowerment outcome? - ANSWER The community achieving
an increased level of capacity to take control of they health challenges and advocate for
equity.
4. What are some central principles of community development? - ANSWER - Focus remains
on the community
- Relevant to and respectful of community contexts and realities
- Involves seeking out, listening to and hearing multiple voices
- Building community vs creating divisions
- Consensus vs taking power/conflict
- Focus on sustainability and self-reliance
,- Community capacity and empowerment are central
- Congruent with assumptions of primary health care
5. 8 steps of program planning - ANSWER 1. Conduct community assessment
2. Identify issues and priorities
3. Identify goals and objectives
4. Identify Strategies, activities, resources
5. Develop indicators
6. Review the program plan
7. Implement the plan
8. Evaluation - results/impact
6. 3 principles of priority setting - ANSWER 1. Buy-in
2. Transparency
3. communication
7. Key considerations in Priority setting - 9 points - ANSWER 1. The agency you work for
2. Agency / Funder Mandate
3. MOHLTC Mandate and guidelines
4. Evidence on urgency of needs
5. Available resources
6. Stakeholder expectations
7. Community ownership & buy-in
8. HP values / principles - "upstream"
9. Feasibility of plans
,8. Moderating factors in priority setting - 6 points - ANSWER 1. Power relations
2. Available resources
3. Social and political contexts
4. # of priority issues
5. Who are the decision makers
6. Processes used to set priorities
9. Priority setting: SWOT analysis - ANSWER S: Strength (resources, capacity)
W: Weaknesses (resources, capacity)
O: Opportunities (community readiness, organizational readiness)
T: Threats (political environment, systemic inequity)
10. Program goals - ANSWER Broad general statements that outline the rationale for the
program and the desire outcomes.
11. Program objectives - ANSWER Statements that specify actions and expected outcomes.
12. 'SMART' Program objectives - ANSWER S: Specific, unambiguous
M: Measurable (quantity, quality)
A: Achievable (political & social context)
R: Realistic (resources)
T: Time frame
13. Program Implementation: Consideration - ANSWER 1. Putting program into action as
planned - Consistency btw goals, objectives, strategies being used
, 2. Keeping the program on track - ensuring that timelines are met, program occurs as
envisioned
3. Ensuring what we do "good" and "no harm" - Reflecting on ethical considerations; issues of
equity and social justice at all phases
4. Dealing with the unexpected (leaving room for contingencies, being flexible as appropriate)
14. What is a logic model? - ANSWER - Provides a graphic depiction of the relationship btw a
program's resources, activities, and expected outcomes. It may be used during program
planning, implementation, and evaluation.
- Helps stakeholders understand the overall structure and function of a program
15. Program evaluation - ANSWER - The systemic examination and assessment of features
of a program or other interventions in order to produce knowledge that different stakeholders
can use for a variety of purposes
16. Questions to ask during program evaluation - ANSWER 1. was the program carried out as
planned?
2. What has changed as a result of the program?
3. Were the results worth the effort?
4. What I the situation now?
17. 6 Sequence of evaluation activities - ANSWER 1. Look at the goal/objectives of program
and establish the questions to be answered
2. Create an evaluation plan or design appropriate to the questions to be answered
3. Decide what data is needed to answer the questions
4. Decide on strategies for obtaining the data
5. Collect and analyze the data
6. Interpret the results