LES 1: INTRO 4
INTRODUCTION 4
WHAT IS REGENERATIVE DESIGN 4
WHY DOES IT MATTER? PLANETARY CONTEXT 5
HOW TO APPROACH? HOW TO INTEGRATE REGENERATIVE DESIGN IN ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 7
LES 2: LUMA ARLES BIOREGION 8
LES 3: CITY 11
WATER 11
PEOPLE 19
ENERGY 21
WASTE 22
LES 4: REGENERATIVE BUILDINGS – CARLO BATTISTI 26
METAPHOR FLOWER: 7 PETALS: 27
ZERO CARBON CERTIFICATION 34
VRAGEN 35
LES 5 37
INTRODUCTION 37
DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR CIRCULAR CONSTRUCTION 37
SUPPORTING PRINCIPLES 39
CASES 39
CONCLUSION, TOOLS, PUBLICATIONS 39
VRAGEN 40
LES 6 43
PART A — BART BISSCHOPS (HISTORY → TODAY → FUTURE) 43
HISTORY — LIVING WITH NATURE AS A BASELINE CONDITION 43
TODAY — THE MODERN DISCONNECTION AND WHY IT MATTERS 44
FUTURE: PART B — EZGI ÖĞÜN RAMALHETE (ENVIRONMENTAL PHILOSOPHY → BIOTECH INNOVATION) 49
Q&A – LIVING ARCHITECTURE & CIRCULAR DESIGN 54
LES 7: REGENERATIVE DESIGN: MATERIALS 57
INTRODUCTION 58
ECONOMIC CONTEXT 64
INTRODUCTION 3 68
STRATEGY 1 72
STRATEGY 2: CIRCULAR DESIGN & CONSTRUCTION 77
STRATEGY 4 – BIO-BASED MATERIALS 83
STRATEGY 4, PART 2 — BIOGENIC CARBON CYCLE, FORESTS, AND SUBSTITUTION 88
STRATEGY 4, PART 3 — TIMBER ECOSYSTEMS, PRODUCTS, CASCADES, AND CASE STUDIES 92
STRATEGY 4, PART 4 — NATURAL COMPOSITES, CORK, AND CASE STUDIES 97
1
,STRATEGY 4, FINAL PART — FIBERS, BIO-COMPOSITES, PAPER WASTE & INSULATION 103
BIO-COMPOSITES 106
BIO-BASED SIDE STREAMS 110
LES 8: GEO-BASED MATERIALS AND ARCHITECTURE 113
CASES 114
EARTH BUILDING TECHNIQUES 123
EARTH BUILDING TECHNIQUES SUMMARY 128
Q&A 131
LES 9: REGENERATIVE DESIGN: STRUCTURE 136
1. STRUCTURE — FUNDAMENTAL MEANING 136
2. EARLIEST FORMS OF STRUCTURE 136
3. QUESTIONING WHAT A BRIDGE IS 137
4. TRADITIONAL TRUSS LOGIC 138
5. STRUCTURAL HEIGHT AND MATERIAL EFFICIENCY 139
6. CONTEMPORARY PEDESTRIAN BRIDGE (~70 M) 139
7. LONG BRIDGE WITH HEIGHT DIFFERENCE (~90 M SPAN, CITY ↔ PARK) 140
8. STRUCTURE BEYOND BRIDGES — ROOF STRUCTURES 141
9. FUNDAMENTAL STRUCTURAL CRITERIA — STRENGTH, STIFFNESS, STABILITY 143
10. COMFORT, PERCEPTION, AND STRUCTURAL MOVEMENT 144
11. LOADS ACTING ON STRUCTURES 145
12. SUPPORT CONDITIONS AND STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOUR 146
13. MATERIAL BEHAVIOUR — STEEL VS CONCRETE 146
14. BENDING MOMENT AND DEFLECTION DIAGRAMS 147
15. CASE: NORMAN FOSTER & BUCKMINSTER FULLER — WEIGHT QUESTION 150
16. SUSTAINABLE STRUCTURES — WHY STRUCTURE MATTERS 151
17. PALLADIO’S TIMBER BRIDGES (CA. 1570) 153
18. TRADITIONAL APPROACH — EXPORT + IMPORT 153
CASE: RECIPROCAL FRAME ROOF — FRANZ MASEREEL CENTER (KASTERLEE) 156
RETHINK, REFLECT, CHANGE IMPACT OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING ON THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY 158
STRATEGIES FOR SUSTAINABLE STRUCTURES 159
LIFE CYCLE STAGES 161
BIOGENIC TRANSFER (STORAGE) TIMBER 162
“CONSTRUIRE LÉGER ET DÉCARBONÉ / LIGHT AND LOW-CARBON CONSTRUCTION” (HOUSING FOOTPRINT) 164
CASE: STUDENT HOUSING RIEDBERGALLEE 171
Q&A 174
LES 10 176
THE SKIN 176
WHY THIS COURSE? 176
WE NEED REGENERATIVE DESIGN 176
HOW? 178
THE SKIN 178
ADAPTIVE REUSE – FAÇADE REPLACEMENT 180
REPLACEABLE – SYSTEMS 181
PRODUCTIVE FACADES 181
NATURE INCLUSIVE FACADES 182
BIOBASED 182
THE 5TH FACADE 182
THE SKIN – DEVELOPMENTS IN GLAZING 182
2
,THE GLAZED DOUBLE SKIN 184
FAÇADE AS A DISCIPLINE 187
REGENERATIVE DESIGN: THE SKIN 189
LES 11: COMFORT, WATER & ENERGY 190
0 – INTRODUCTION 191
1 – DESIGN OF REGENERATIVE BUILDING SERVICES? 195
2 – STRATEGIES 199
3 – BACK TO BASICS 201
4 – CIRCULARITY OF SERVICES 202
5 – TRANSITION OF THE ENERGY-SYSTEM 207
THERMAL WALLS (MASS WALL) 212
CLIMATE ROOMS 213
GLASS HOUSE 213
TRANSITION OF THE WATER-SYSTEM 214
LES 12: (REGENERATIVE) INDOOR SPACES 216
PART 1 216
3
, LES 1: Intro
Introduction
- The student can critically reflect on current architectural practices and policies and their social;
environmental, ecological and economic impacts on planetary health
- The student acquires a holistic worldview that sees humans and economies as an integral part of
nature
- The student acquires proficiency in definitions and concepts of regenerative, systemic design
approaches aiming to actively restore, revitalize and enhance ecosystems and create sustainable,
thriving environments for local communities and nature
- Examen is multiple choice
What is regenerative design
- a living organism: full renewal or restoration of a body, bodily part, or biological system after injury
or as a normal process
- a place: the act of improving a place or urban system, especially by making it more active, inclusive
and thriving
- an ecosystem: full renewal or restoration of the ecological health of an ecosystem such as a forest,
marsh etc.
sustainable
- Aiming to minimize negative impacts
- Minimizing resource consumption, waste and pollution
- Prevent further ecological damage
- Net-zero
“less bad”
Regenerative
- Aiming to achieve net-positive benefits by restoring and enriching the environment
- Replenishing natural resources
- Regenerating the health of our ecosystems
- Net-positive
“doing good”
4
INTRODUCTION 4
WHAT IS REGENERATIVE DESIGN 4
WHY DOES IT MATTER? PLANETARY CONTEXT 5
HOW TO APPROACH? HOW TO INTEGRATE REGENERATIVE DESIGN IN ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 7
LES 2: LUMA ARLES BIOREGION 8
LES 3: CITY 11
WATER 11
PEOPLE 19
ENERGY 21
WASTE 22
LES 4: REGENERATIVE BUILDINGS – CARLO BATTISTI 26
METAPHOR FLOWER: 7 PETALS: 27
ZERO CARBON CERTIFICATION 34
VRAGEN 35
LES 5 37
INTRODUCTION 37
DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR CIRCULAR CONSTRUCTION 37
SUPPORTING PRINCIPLES 39
CASES 39
CONCLUSION, TOOLS, PUBLICATIONS 39
VRAGEN 40
LES 6 43
PART A — BART BISSCHOPS (HISTORY → TODAY → FUTURE) 43
HISTORY — LIVING WITH NATURE AS A BASELINE CONDITION 43
TODAY — THE MODERN DISCONNECTION AND WHY IT MATTERS 44
FUTURE: PART B — EZGI ÖĞÜN RAMALHETE (ENVIRONMENTAL PHILOSOPHY → BIOTECH INNOVATION) 49
Q&A – LIVING ARCHITECTURE & CIRCULAR DESIGN 54
LES 7: REGENERATIVE DESIGN: MATERIALS 57
INTRODUCTION 58
ECONOMIC CONTEXT 64
INTRODUCTION 3 68
STRATEGY 1 72
STRATEGY 2: CIRCULAR DESIGN & CONSTRUCTION 77
STRATEGY 4 – BIO-BASED MATERIALS 83
STRATEGY 4, PART 2 — BIOGENIC CARBON CYCLE, FORESTS, AND SUBSTITUTION 88
STRATEGY 4, PART 3 — TIMBER ECOSYSTEMS, PRODUCTS, CASCADES, AND CASE STUDIES 92
STRATEGY 4, PART 4 — NATURAL COMPOSITES, CORK, AND CASE STUDIES 97
1
,STRATEGY 4, FINAL PART — FIBERS, BIO-COMPOSITES, PAPER WASTE & INSULATION 103
BIO-COMPOSITES 106
BIO-BASED SIDE STREAMS 110
LES 8: GEO-BASED MATERIALS AND ARCHITECTURE 113
CASES 114
EARTH BUILDING TECHNIQUES 123
EARTH BUILDING TECHNIQUES SUMMARY 128
Q&A 131
LES 9: REGENERATIVE DESIGN: STRUCTURE 136
1. STRUCTURE — FUNDAMENTAL MEANING 136
2. EARLIEST FORMS OF STRUCTURE 136
3. QUESTIONING WHAT A BRIDGE IS 137
4. TRADITIONAL TRUSS LOGIC 138
5. STRUCTURAL HEIGHT AND MATERIAL EFFICIENCY 139
6. CONTEMPORARY PEDESTRIAN BRIDGE (~70 M) 139
7. LONG BRIDGE WITH HEIGHT DIFFERENCE (~90 M SPAN, CITY ↔ PARK) 140
8. STRUCTURE BEYOND BRIDGES — ROOF STRUCTURES 141
9. FUNDAMENTAL STRUCTURAL CRITERIA — STRENGTH, STIFFNESS, STABILITY 143
10. COMFORT, PERCEPTION, AND STRUCTURAL MOVEMENT 144
11. LOADS ACTING ON STRUCTURES 145
12. SUPPORT CONDITIONS AND STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOUR 146
13. MATERIAL BEHAVIOUR — STEEL VS CONCRETE 146
14. BENDING MOMENT AND DEFLECTION DIAGRAMS 147
15. CASE: NORMAN FOSTER & BUCKMINSTER FULLER — WEIGHT QUESTION 150
16. SUSTAINABLE STRUCTURES — WHY STRUCTURE MATTERS 151
17. PALLADIO’S TIMBER BRIDGES (CA. 1570) 153
18. TRADITIONAL APPROACH — EXPORT + IMPORT 153
CASE: RECIPROCAL FRAME ROOF — FRANZ MASEREEL CENTER (KASTERLEE) 156
RETHINK, REFLECT, CHANGE IMPACT OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING ON THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY 158
STRATEGIES FOR SUSTAINABLE STRUCTURES 159
LIFE CYCLE STAGES 161
BIOGENIC TRANSFER (STORAGE) TIMBER 162
“CONSTRUIRE LÉGER ET DÉCARBONÉ / LIGHT AND LOW-CARBON CONSTRUCTION” (HOUSING FOOTPRINT) 164
CASE: STUDENT HOUSING RIEDBERGALLEE 171
Q&A 174
LES 10 176
THE SKIN 176
WHY THIS COURSE? 176
WE NEED REGENERATIVE DESIGN 176
HOW? 178
THE SKIN 178
ADAPTIVE REUSE – FAÇADE REPLACEMENT 180
REPLACEABLE – SYSTEMS 181
PRODUCTIVE FACADES 181
NATURE INCLUSIVE FACADES 182
BIOBASED 182
THE 5TH FACADE 182
THE SKIN – DEVELOPMENTS IN GLAZING 182
2
,THE GLAZED DOUBLE SKIN 184
FAÇADE AS A DISCIPLINE 187
REGENERATIVE DESIGN: THE SKIN 189
LES 11: COMFORT, WATER & ENERGY 190
0 – INTRODUCTION 191
1 – DESIGN OF REGENERATIVE BUILDING SERVICES? 195
2 – STRATEGIES 199
3 – BACK TO BASICS 201
4 – CIRCULARITY OF SERVICES 202
5 – TRANSITION OF THE ENERGY-SYSTEM 207
THERMAL WALLS (MASS WALL) 212
CLIMATE ROOMS 213
GLASS HOUSE 213
TRANSITION OF THE WATER-SYSTEM 214
LES 12: (REGENERATIVE) INDOOR SPACES 216
PART 1 216
3
, LES 1: Intro
Introduction
- The student can critically reflect on current architectural practices and policies and their social;
environmental, ecological and economic impacts on planetary health
- The student acquires a holistic worldview that sees humans and economies as an integral part of
nature
- The student acquires proficiency in definitions and concepts of regenerative, systemic design
approaches aiming to actively restore, revitalize and enhance ecosystems and create sustainable,
thriving environments for local communities and nature
- Examen is multiple choice
What is regenerative design
- a living organism: full renewal or restoration of a body, bodily part, or biological system after injury
or as a normal process
- a place: the act of improving a place or urban system, especially by making it more active, inclusive
and thriving
- an ecosystem: full renewal or restoration of the ecological health of an ecosystem such as a forest,
marsh etc.
sustainable
- Aiming to minimize negative impacts
- Minimizing resource consumption, waste and pollution
- Prevent further ecological damage
- Net-zero
“less bad”
Regenerative
- Aiming to achieve net-positive benefits by restoring and enriching the environment
- Replenishing natural resources
- Regenerating the health of our ecosystems
- Net-positive
“doing good”
4
