HIST 246 Midterm Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers | 100% Guaranteed Pass

HIST 246 Midterm Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers | 100% Guaranteed Pass Nicholas II - answer-Who: last tsar of Russia, forced to abdicate What: weak leader and dominated by others/Rasputin When: ruled Significance: Unsympathetic to reforms and refused to work with Duma/give more power to people so general agitation amongst populace built up. When workers striked and women rioted over food/supply shortages, he refused to do anything except send troops but then they defected and supported the revolt. Soon he was forced to abdicate and passed the throne to his brother, who soon also abdicated and this was the end of the monarcy. Alexandra - answer-Who: Tsarina of Russia What: German-born wife of Nicholas II When: Significance: Reinforced tsar's absolutist notions, because she wanted the resented and despised Rasputin to be able to stay at court since she believed he had healing powers that could keep her hemophilic son alive. She was also very unpopular during World War I, because she was born in Germany, and so she was seen as the "other, trying to undermine Russia." Insisted on keeping tsar's powers intact so that only men in favor of Rasputin would be members of government February Revolution - answer-When: March (old calendar February) 1917 Who: Workers/political groups/women What: lack in confidence in monarchy epitomized by Rasputin combined with a lack of responsiveness by Nicholas II led to general agitation and discontent among the people - spontaneous and organized by political groups, related to wartime deprivation and crises (heavy death tolls, food/supply shortages, inflation/lagging wages). Then workers strike and women riot over shortages but tsar remains unresponsive except to send troops, who then defect and support revolt. Significance: Abdication of Nicholas II marked the end of the monarchy and the creation of a provisional government staffed by Duma people (bourgeois body), as well as "Soviets" (workers councils) and a quasi power-sharing system.October Revolution - answer-When: October 24, 1917 (Russian calendar) Who: Bolsheviks vs. Mensheviks vs. Duma What: turning "bourgeois revolution" into "proletariat socialist" revolution - more radical and don't want to work within existing power system, so Bolsheviks led by Trotsky and Lenin head forward immediately, using any means necessary, claiming power in the name of the soviets. Significance: This marked the beginning of the long communist period in Russia. The immediate effects were partitioning of large estate and distributing land among peasants, all banks were nationalized and control over factories was given to workers. It also marked the end of Russian participation in WWI and inspired similar movements across Europe (they failed) Rasputin - answer-Who: Russian monk and "holy man" who the tsarina believed had healing powers and was important advisor to Nicholas II When: (assassinated) What: Essentially controlled tsar and so had immense power - generally resented and despised; opposed war, tsar and tsarina convinced themselves that he was a "holy man" through whom they heard the "voice of the people," assassinated with hopes of loosening tsar's opposition to change of govt system (but tsar shut himself off) Significance: Because he was so despised but the tsarina wanted to keep him in power, the tsar was encouraged to remain autocratic. During the war and during calls for a more liberal government, making sure he could keep his position was one of the major reasons that caused the tsar and tsarina to oppose any chance of limit to autocracy - tsarina even made sure that only men in favor of Rasputin would be in government - resulted in bad ministers and some germanophiles (bc Rasputin opposed war) Provisional Government - answer-What: A temporary government created by the Duma after the abdication of the tsar, staffed by Duma people (not radicals - bourgeois body) When: March-October 1917 Significance: Unable or unwilling to do what workers and peasants wanted - not radical enough and execution of measures of provisional govt dependent on soviets of workers and soldiers; wanted to continue war, leading to increased frustration; increased frustration by workers/soviets eventually leads to October Revolution