General
Chemistry
, Types of InTERmolecular FORCES
1. Dipole-dipole interactions
According to the - These forces occur when the partially positively
Kinetic molecular theory charged part of a molecule interacts with the partially
The state of a substance at room temperature depends on the negatively charged part of the neighboring molecule.
strength of attraction (forces) between its particles. The prerequisite for this type of attraction to exist is
partially charged ions-for example, the case of polar
Forces of attractions covalent bonds such as hydrogen chloride, HCI.
Two (2) kinds of forces or attractions that operate in a molecule. - Dipole-dipole interactions are the strongest
1. intramolecular force TOGETHER WITHIN A MOLECULE
ARE THE FORCES THAT HOLD ATOMS
intermolecular force of attraction.
2. Intermolecular force ARE FORCES THAT EXIST BETWEEN MOLECULES.
Types of Intramolecular FORCES of attraction
1. Ionic bond
2. Covalent bond
3. Metallic bond
Intermolecular forces
- The forces of attraction that exist between molecules.
Intermolecular forces are much weaker than the
intramolecular forces of attraction but are important 2. Hydrogen bonding
because they determine the physical properties of molecules like - This is a special kind of dipole-dipole interaction
their boiling point, melting point, density, and enthalpies of fusion that occurs specifically between a hydrogen atom
and vaporization. bonded to either an oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine
atom.
- Hydrogen bonding is a relatively strong force of
attraction between molecules, and considerable
energy is required to break hydrogen bonds.
- Intermolecular forces determine the properties, such as the
melting points of solids and the boiling points of liquids.
- This explains the exceptionally high boiling points
- Liquids boil when the molecules have enough thermal energy to and melting points of compounds like water, and
overcome the intermolecular attractive forces that hold them hydrogen fluoride.
together, thereby forming bubbles of vapor within the liquid .
- Hydrogen bonding plays an important role in
- Similarly, solids melt when the molecules acquire enough thermal biology; for example, hydrogen bonds are responsible
energy to overcome the intermolecular forces that lock them into for holding nucleotide bases together in D, N, A and R,
place in the solid. N, A.
Chemistry
, Types of InTERmolecular FORCES
1. Dipole-dipole interactions
According to the - These forces occur when the partially positively
Kinetic molecular theory charged part of a molecule interacts with the partially
The state of a substance at room temperature depends on the negatively charged part of the neighboring molecule.
strength of attraction (forces) between its particles. The prerequisite for this type of attraction to exist is
partially charged ions-for example, the case of polar
Forces of attractions covalent bonds such as hydrogen chloride, HCI.
Two (2) kinds of forces or attractions that operate in a molecule. - Dipole-dipole interactions are the strongest
1. intramolecular force TOGETHER WITHIN A MOLECULE
ARE THE FORCES THAT HOLD ATOMS
intermolecular force of attraction.
2. Intermolecular force ARE FORCES THAT EXIST BETWEEN MOLECULES.
Types of Intramolecular FORCES of attraction
1. Ionic bond
2. Covalent bond
3. Metallic bond
Intermolecular forces
- The forces of attraction that exist between molecules.
Intermolecular forces are much weaker than the
intramolecular forces of attraction but are important 2. Hydrogen bonding
because they determine the physical properties of molecules like - This is a special kind of dipole-dipole interaction
their boiling point, melting point, density, and enthalpies of fusion that occurs specifically between a hydrogen atom
and vaporization. bonded to either an oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine
atom.
- Hydrogen bonding is a relatively strong force of
attraction between molecules, and considerable
energy is required to break hydrogen bonds.
- Intermolecular forces determine the properties, such as the
melting points of solids and the boiling points of liquids.
- This explains the exceptionally high boiling points
- Liquids boil when the molecules have enough thermal energy to and melting points of compounds like water, and
overcome the intermolecular attractive forces that hold them hydrogen fluoride.
together, thereby forming bubbles of vapor within the liquid .
- Hydrogen bonding plays an important role in
- Similarly, solids melt when the molecules acquire enough thermal biology; for example, hydrogen bonds are responsible
energy to overcome the intermolecular forces that lock them into for holding nucleotide bases together in D, N, A and R,
place in the solid. N, A.
